Eta And Basque Nationalism
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Eta And Basque Nationalism Rle Terrorism Insurgency
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Author : John L. Sullivan
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-04-17
Eta And Basque Nationalism Rle Terrorism Insurgency written by John L. Sullivan and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-17 with Political Science categories.
This book traces the formation of ETA (Euskadi ta Askatasuna) and the tensions created by its combination and aims: socialism and Basque nationalism. The Basque Nationalist movement emerged in the late nineteenth century as a response to the rapid transformation of Basque society by industrialisation. The influx of Spanish-speaking workers to Basque territories seemed to threaten the stability of basque society. Gradually the immigrants became absorbed into the radical struggle, with the creation of illegal trade unions and the need to resist the Franco regimne by whatever means. Over the next half century Basque consicousness developed until the radical nationalist organisation ETA was formed in 1959.
Basque Nationalism And Political Violence
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Author : Cameron Watson
language : en
Publisher: Center for Basque Studies UV of Nevada, Reno
Release Date : 2007
Basque Nationalism And Political Violence written by Cameron Watson and has been published by Center for Basque Studies UV of Nevada, Reno this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Nationalism categories.
This text examines the relationship between ideas and action through a historical account of how images of violence and warfare pervaded the discourse of Basque nationalism. Watson argues that a culture of political violence emerged within the Basque nationalist movement that eventually resulted in the 1959 creation of ETA.
Women And Eta
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Author : Carrie Hamilton
language : en
Publisher: Manchester University Press
Release Date : 2007-07-15
Women And Eta written by Carrie Hamilton and has been published by Manchester University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-07-15 with History categories.
At a time when conflicts in Europe, the Middle East and elsewhere are highlighting women's roles as armed activists and combatants, Women and ETA offers the first book-length study of women's participation in Spain's oldest armed movement.
Eta And Basque Nationalism
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Author : John Sullivan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Eta And Basque Nationalism written by John Sullivan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Nationalism categories.
The Eta
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Author : Wayne Anderson
language : en
Publisher: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc
Release Date : 2002-12-15
The Eta written by Wayne Anderson and has been published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-12-15 with History categories.
One of the worlds most active and violent terrorist groups is also one of its least well-known. The ETA is committed to creating an ethnic Basque homeland independent of Spain. Once hailed as freedom fighters by many Spaniards for resisting the oppressive rule of the dictator Franco, in recent years the group has lost popularity as it has continued to launch its violent attacks against government figures and tourist destinations even after the arrival of democracy in Spain.
Ending Eta S Armed Campaign
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Author : Imanol Murua
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-11-10
Ending Eta S Armed Campaign written by Imanol Murua and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-11-10 with Political Science categories.
This book explains how and why the Basque separatist armed group ETA decided to end its armed campaign against the Spanish state. The ETA’s armed campaign for Basque independence lasted fifty years and led to more than 800 casualties. This book analyzes the factors that led to ETA ending its campaign of violence in 2011, despite having yet to achieve its political objectives. It explains how the Basque pro-independence movement’s political leadership won an internal battle and brought ETA to a position in which abandoning violence was the only feasible choice. The work argues that the key factor leading to the cessation of violence was the loss of support for armed struggle within the pro-independence social base, and it examines why and how that support decreased so decisively. Written by a former journalist, the narrative is based on more than 30 interviews, including former members of ETA, Spanish judges, former ministers of the Spanish government, political leaders of all Basque political parties—from the Nationalist Left to the Partido Popular (PP)—and international mediators. As such, it is the first book to recount in detail the inside story of the internal struggle within the Nationalist Left movement, and particularly between the political party Batasuna and ETA. This book will be of much interest to students of political violence, ethnic conflict, nationalism, Spanish politics, security studies, and IR.
Endgame For Eta
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Author : Teresa Whitfield
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2014-07-01
Endgame For Eta written by Teresa Whitfield and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-01 with Political Science categories.
The violent Basque separatist group ETA took shape in Franco's Spain, yet claimed the majority of its victims under democracy. For most Spaniards it became an aberration, a criminal and terrorist band whose persistence defied explanation. Others, mainly Basques (but only some Basques) understood ETA as the violent expression of a political conflict that remained the unfinished business of Spain's transition to democracy. Such differences hindered efforts to 'defeat' ETA's terrorism on the one hand and 'resolve the Basque conflict' on the other for more than three decades. Endgame for ETA offers a compelling account of the long path to ETA's declaration of a definitive end to its armed activity in October 2011. Its political surrogates remain as part of a resurgence of regional nationalism - in the Basque Country as in Catalonia - that is but one element of multiple crises confronting Spain. The Basque case has been cited as an ex- ample of the perils of 'talking to terrorists'. Drawing on extensive field research, Teresa Whitfield argues that while negotiations did not prosper, a form of 'virtual peacemaking' was an essential complement to robust police action and social condemnation. Together they helped to bring ETA's violence to an end and return its grievances to the channels of normal politics.
Eta And Basque Nationalism
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Author : John Sullivan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988-01-01
Eta And Basque Nationalism written by John Sullivan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988-01-01 with Nationalism categories.
Eta S Terrorist Campaign
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Author : Rafael Leonisio
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-07-28
Eta S Terrorist Campaign written by Rafael Leonisio and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-28 with Political Science categories.
This book analyses the rise and decline of the Basque terrorist group Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA, Basque Homeland and Freedom). ETA declared a unilateral ceasefire in November 2011, bringing to a close a campaign of political violence that started in the late 1960s. By the beginning of the twenty-first century, the overwhelming majority of secession supporters agreed that an independent Basque homeland would be realised through ‘ballots’ and not ‘bullets’. Providing an inter-disciplinary overview of radical Basque nationalism that pays special attention to the drivers for ETA’s decline, defeat and disbandment, this book includes chapters by historians, political scientists and sociologists who offer three important theoretical and empirical contributions to the literature on nationhood and security studies. Firstly the book re-assesses the military conflict that opposed ETA and the Spanish state, by paying special attention to tactical and strategic considerations as well as the counter-terrorist policy itself. Secondly it provides an original interpretation of the politics of fear which surrounded the process of victimization, as well as assessing the extent to which the issue of violence led to the polarisation of citizens. Thirdly the authors examine the historical narratives and rituals that contributed to the production and reproduction of identity binaries and memories of war. Arguing that the defeat of ETA must be contextualised within the strategic evolution of Basque nationalism, the declining resonance of the radical message and the effectiveness of the Spanish counter-terrorist effort, this book is essential reading for students and scholars working in the areas of European politics, nationalism and terrorism studies.
Out Of Prison
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Author : Nicolás Buckley
language : en
Publisher: Center for Basque Studies UV of Nevada, Reno
Release Date : 2021
Out Of Prison written by Nicolás Buckley and has been published by Center for Basque Studies UV of Nevada, Reno this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with History categories.
"The birth of the Basque insurgent group ETA (Euzkadi Ta Askatasuna [Freedom for the Basque Country]) in 1959 coincided with the beginning of an industrialization process that modernized Spanish society during the 1960s. At that time, in the mid-1960s, ETA already believed that the independence of the Basque people would only be achieved through the workers' struggle. This notion was not only held by the organization. In 1968, when ETA assassinated its first victim, Melitón Manzanas, a police officer and the head of the Political-Social Brigade of the Basque province of Guipúzkoa, many Basque people understood the necessity of the armed struggle against the Franco regime. In 1973, when ETA murdered Admiral Carrero Blanco, who had been appointed president of the government by Franco, the Basque nationalist society and much of the anti-Francoist Spanish movement also began to sympathize with ETA and its armed struggle. However, by 2011 when ETA declared a unilateral cease-fire, the organization had become completely isolated from both Spanish society and the Basque people. What had happened in the intervening sixty years to cause ETA to move from being the vanguard of the struggle against the Franco regime to the context of the twenty-first century in which the majority of the Basque population wanted the organization to abandon the armed struggle? Rather than focusing on what "mistakes" ETA has committed, my work reveals the necessity of understanding how this organization reflects changes in both Basque and Spanish society. Therefore, my intention in this book is to understand the Basque conflict not as an isolated armed struggle between ETA and the Spanish security forces but as a part of recent Spanish contemporary history"--