Ethical Considerations For Research On Housing Related Health Hazards Involving Children
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Ethical Considerations For Research On Housing Related Health Hazards Involving Children
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2005-12-10
Ethical Considerations For Research On Housing Related Health Hazards Involving Children written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-12-10 with Social Science categories.
Ethical Considerations for Research on Housing-Related Health Hazards Involving Children explores the ethical issues posed when conducting research designed to identify, understand, or ameliorate housing-related health hazards among children. Such research involves children as subjects and is conducted in the home and in communities. It is often conducted with children in low-income families given the disproportionate prevalence of housing-related conditions such as lead poisoning, asthma, and fatal injuries among these children. This book emphasizes five key elements to address the particular ethical concerns raised by these characteristics: involving the affected community in the research and responding to their concerns; ensuring that parents understand the essential elements of the research; adopting uniform federal guidelines for such research by all sponsors (Subpart D of 45 CFR 46); providing guidance on key terms in the regulations; and viewing research oversight as a system with important roles for researchers, IRBs and their research institutions, sponsors and regulators of research, and the community.
Ethical Considerations For Research On Housing Related Health Hazards Involving Children
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Author : Bernard Lo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005-01-01
Ethical Considerations For Research On Housing Related Health Hazards Involving Children written by Bernard Lo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-01 with categories.
Ethical Considerations For Research Involving Prisoners
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Author : Committee on Ethical Considerations for Revisions to DHHS Regulations for Protection of Prisoners Involved in Research
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2007-01-22
Ethical Considerations For Research Involving Prisoners written by Committee on Ethical Considerations for Revisions to DHHS Regulations for Protection of Prisoners Involved in Research and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-22 with Political Science categories.
In the past 30 years, the population of prisoners in the United States has expanded almost 5-fold, correctional facilities are increasingly overcrowded, and more of the country's disadvantaged populations—racial minorities, women, people with mental illness, and people with communicable diseases such as HIV/AIDS, hepatitis C, and tuberculosis—are under correctional supervision. Because prisoners face restrictions on liberty and autonomy, have limited privacy, and often receive inadequate health care, they require specific protections when involved in research, particularly in today's correctional settings. Given these issues, the Department of Health and Human Services' Office for Human Research Protections commissioned the Institute of Medicine to review the ethical considerations regarding research involving prisoners. The resulting analysis contained in this book, Ethical Considerations for Research Involving Prisoners, emphasizes five broad actions to provide prisoners involved in research with critically important protections: • expand the definition of "prisoner"; • ensure universally and consistently applied standards of protection; • shift from a category-based to a risk-benefit approach to research review; • update the ethical framework to include collaborative responsibility; and • enhance systematic oversight of research involving prisoners.
Food Marketing To Children And Youth
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2006-05-11
Food Marketing To Children And Youth written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-05-11 with Medical categories.
Creating an environment in which children in the United States grow up healthy should be a high priority for the nation. Yet the prevailing pattern of food and beverage marketing to children in America represents, at best, a missed opportunity, and at worst, a direct threat to the health prospects of the next generation. Children's dietary and related health patterns are shaped by the interplay of many factorsâ€"their biologic affinities, their culture and values, their economic status, their physical and social environments, and their commercial media environmentsâ€"all of which, apart from their genetic predispositions, have undergone significant transformations during the past three decades. Among these environments, none have more rapidly assumed central socializing roles among children and youth than the media. With the growth in the variety and the penetration of the media have come a parallel growth with their use for marketing, including the marketing of food and beverage products. What impact has food and beverage marketing had on the dietary patterns and health status of American children? The answer to this question has the potential to shape a generation and is the focus of Food Marketing to Children and Youth. This book will be of interest to parents, federal and state government agencies, educators and schools, health care professionals, industry companies, industry trade groups, media, and those involved in community and consumer advocacy.
Ethical Conduct Of Clinical Research Involving Children
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2004-07-09
Ethical Conduct Of Clinical Research Involving Children written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-07-09 with Medical categories.
In recent decades, advances in biomedical research have helped save or lengthen the lives of children around the world. With improved therapies, child and adolescent mortality rates have decreased significantly in the last half century. Despite these advances, pediatricians and others argue that children have not shared equally with adults in biomedical advances. Even though we want children to benefit from the dramatic and accelerating rate of progress in medical care that has been fueled by scientific research, we do not want to place children at risk of being harmed by participating in clinical studies. Ethical Conduct of Clinical Research Involving Children considers the necessities and challenges of this type of research and reviews the ethical and legal standards for conducting it. It also considers problems with the interpretation and application of these standards and conduct, concluding that while children should not be excluded from potentially beneficial clinical studies, some research that is ethically permissible for adults is not acceptable for children, who usually do not have the legal capacity or maturity to make informed decisions about research participation. The book looks at the need for appropriate pediatric expertise at all stages of the design, review, and conduct of a research project to effectively implement policies to protect children. It argues persuasively that a robust system for protecting human research participants in general is a necessary foundation for protecting child research participants in particular.
Casebook On Ethical Issues In International Health Research
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2009
Casebook On Ethical Issues In International Health Research written by World Health Organization and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Medical categories.
I. Defining "research"--II. Issues in study design . -- III. Harm and benefit -- IV. Voluntary informed consent -- V. Standard of care -- VI. Obligations to participants and communities -- VII. Privacy and confidentiality -- VIII. Professional ethics.
Oxford Textbook Of Public Health
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Oxford Textbook Of Public Health written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
Environmental Health Literacy
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Author : Symma Finn
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-09-12
Environmental Health Literacy written by Symma Finn and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-12 with Medical categories.
This book explores various and distinct aspects of environmental health literacy (EHL) from the perspective of investigators working in this emerging field and their community partners in research. Chapters aim to distinguish EHL from health literacy and environmental health education in order to classify it as a unique field with its own purposes and outcomes. Contributions in this book represent the key aspects of communication, dissemination and implementation, and social scientific research related to environmental health sciences and the range of expertise and interest in EHL. Readers will learn about the conceptual framework and underlying philosophical tenets of EHL, and its relation to health literacy and communications research. Special attention is given to topics like dissemination and implementation of culturally relevant environmental risk messaging, and promotion of EHL through visual technologies. Authoritative entries by experts also focus on important approaches to advancing EHL through community-engaged research and by engaging teachers and students at an early age through developing innovative STEM curriculum. The significance of theater is highlighted by describing the use of an interactive theater experience as an approach that enables community residents to express themselves in non-verbal ways.
The Ethics Of Research Involving Animals
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005-01-01
The Ethics Of Research Involving Animals written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-01 with Animal experimentation categories.
A report of the Nuffield Council on Bioethics working party investigating the ethical issues of research involving animals.
Ethical And Legal Considerations In Mitigating Pandemic Disease
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2007-07-08
Ethical And Legal Considerations In Mitigating Pandemic Disease written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-07-08 with Medical categories.
In recent public workshops and working group meetings, the Forum on Microbial Threats of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) has examined a variety of infectious disease outbreaks with pandemic potential, including those caused by influenza (IOM, 2005) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) (IOM, 2004). Particular attention has been paid to the potential pandemic threat posed by the H5N1 strain of avian influenza, which is now endemic in many Southeast Asian bird populations. Since 2003, the H5N1 subtype of avian influenza has caused 185 confirmed human deaths in 11 countries, including some cases of viral transmission from human to human (WHO, 2007). But as worrisome as these developments are, at least they are caused by known pathogens. The next pandemic could well be caused by the emergence of a microbe that is still unknown, much as happened in the 1980s with the emergence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and in 2003 with the appearance of the SARS coronavirus. Previous Forum meetings on pandemic disease have discussed the scientific and logistical challenges associated with pandemic disease recognition, identification, and response. Participants in these earlier meetings also recognized the difficulty of implementing disease control strategies effectively. Ethical and Legal Considerations in Mitigating Pandemic Disease: Workshop Summary as a factual summary of what occurred at the workshop.