Europ Ische Konsumgeschichte
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The Americanization Westernization Of Austria
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Author : Anton Pelinka
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-07-12
The Americanization Westernization Of Austria written by Anton Pelinka and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-12 with Political Science categories.
Political, economic, social, and cultural modernization dramatically transformed twentieth-century Austria. Innovative new methods of production and management, such as the assembly line, changed Austrian business after World War I, much as the Marshall Plan shaped the economy after World War II. At the same time, jazz, Hollywood movies, television programming, and mass commodities were as popular in Austria as elsewhere in Western Europe. Even political campaigns followed American trends. All this occurred despite the fact that in West Germany, American nostrums and models had been rejected, modified, or "translated" into milder versions. Ultimately, Austria was "Western Europeanized" when it joined the European Union in 1995. How Western are the Austrians? This volume analyzes trends toward Americanization and Westernization in Austria throughout the twentieth century. Reinhold Wagnleitner's lead essay studies the foreign politics of American pop culture. Anna Schober and Monika Bernold analyze the influence of Hollywood movies and television on postwar Austrian society. Reinhard Sieder follows changing discourses on family life, while Ingrid Bauer looks at American influences on Austrian women. Maria-Regina Kecht, Kurt Drexel, and Christina Hainzl follow the American impact on Austrian literature, opera, and art. Banker Anton Fink examines American banking and finance practices. Andre Pfoertner and Matthias Fuchs study the Americanization of Austrian business and tourism. Helmut Lackner describes how well-heeled Austrian travelers to the United States brought back innovative American production methods and other ideas gleaned from world expositions before World War I. American influences on Austrian politics and political science are dissected by Gunter Bischof, Martin Kofler, Fritz Plasser, and Anton Pelinka. The Americanization of Vienna is the subject of journalist Armin Thurnher's essay. Comparisons with West Germany are presented by Michael Hochgesc
Europe Against The Jews 1880 1945
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Author : Götz Aly
language : en
Publisher: Metropolitan Books
Release Date : 2020-04-07
Europe Against The Jews 1880 1945 written by Götz Aly and has been published by Metropolitan Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-07 with History categories.
From the award-winning historian of the Holocaust, Europe Against the Jews, 1880-1945 is the first book to move beyond Germany’s singular crime to the collaboration of Europe as a whole. The Holocaust was perpetrated by the Germans, but it would not have been possible without the assistance of thousands of helpers in other countries: state officials, police, and civilians who eagerly supported the genocide. If we are to fully understand how and why the Holocaust happened, Götz Aly argues in this groundbreaking study, we must examine its prehistory throughout Europe. We must look at countries as far-flung as Romania and France, Russia and Greece, where, decades before the Nazis came to power, a deadly combination of envy, competition, nationalism, and social upheaval fueled a surge of anti-Semitism, creating the preconditions for the deportations and murder to come. In the late nineteenth century, new opportunities for education and social advancement were opening up, and Jewish minorities took particular advantage of them, leading to widespread resentment. At the same time, newly created nation-states, especially in the east, were striving for ethnic homogeneity and national renewal, goals which they saw as inextricably linked. Drawing upon a wide range of previously unpublished sources, Aly traces the sequence of events that made persecution of Jews an increasingly acceptable European practice. Ultimately, the German architects of genocide found support for the Final Solution in nearly all the countries they occupied or were allied with. Without diminishing the guilt of German perpetrators, Aly documents the involvement of all of Europe in the destruction of the Jews, once again deepening our understanding of this most tormented history.
Ashes To Ashes
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Author : Stephen Lock
language : en
Publisher: Rodopi
Release Date : 1998
Ashes To Ashes written by Stephen Lock and has been published by Rodopi this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Advertising categories.
Future historians will wonder why, despite the risks, society persisted in its warm relationship with the cigarette; by the end of the century global consumption was still rising. The 1995 symposium at the Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine not only examined tobacco's connection with health, but the varied attitudes towards smoking, which have included regarding it as 'manly', relaxing, fashionable - and decadent. A particular feature was a witness seminar attended not only by those who had made the initial discovery but by those with a crucial role in promoting public awareness of the dangers. And, as shown in this book, we still cannot escape the paradox that, while a considerable proportion of a country's population is hooked on the cigarette, the tobacco industry and the government are equally addicted to the profits and tax revenues it generates.
Emanzipation Und Expansion Des Markenrechts
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Author : Andreas Sattler
language : de
Publisher: Mohr Siebeck
Release Date : 2015-03-02
Emanzipation Und Expansion Des Markenrechts written by Andreas Sattler and has been published by Mohr Siebeck this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-02 with Law categories.
English summary: Sometimes trademarks are given the title of ragamuffin in the family of laws concerning intellectual property, yet the term never reaches the dignity of personal dominance (copyright law) and neither is it associated with the hope of an irreversible technical advance (patent law). The analysis of the history of applicable trademark law from 1995 shows, however, that trademark law is an indispensable feature of a competition in managing market regulations. Beginning with the Trademark Protection Law of 1974, the two omnipresent developments of emancipation and expansion have been at the center of trademark law. The term emancipation is found both in the transition to independence of trademarks from one business to another as well as in the increasing decoupling of businesses following the directives of unfair competition laws. Taking into account the economic, social and political parameters, Andreas Sattler analyses what factors have encouraged the continual growth of trademark protection law and the development to an unrestricted and transferable intellectual property rights law. German description: Zuweilen wird die Marke als "Schmuddelkind" in der Familie der Rechte des Geistigen Eigentums betrachtet. Weder erreicht die Marke die Erhabenheit der personlichen geistigen Schopfung (Urheberrecht), noch wird mit ihr die Hoffnung auf einen unumkehrbaren technischen Fortschritt (Patentrecht) verbunden. Die Analyse der Entstehungsgeschichte des geltenden Markengesetzes von 1995 zeigt jedoch, dass das Markenrecht unverzichtbarer Bestandteil einer auf Wettbewerb abzielenden Marktordnung ist.Ausgehend vom MSchG (1874) stehen die zwei omniprasenten Entwicklungen der Emanzipation und Expansion des Markenrechts im Fokus. Die Emanzipation findet sowohl in der Verselbststandigung der Marke vom Geschaftsbetrieb als auch in der zunehmenden Abkoppelung vom Lauterkeitsrecht Ausdruck. Unter Einbeziehung der wirtschaftlichen, sozialen und politischen Rahmenbedingungen analysiert Andreas Sattler, welche Faktoren die kontinuierliche Ausweitung des markenrechtlichen Schutzes und die Entwicklung zu einem uneingeschrankt ubertragbaren Immaterialguterrecht gefordert haben.
Europ Ische Konsumgeschichte
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Author : Hannes Siegrist
language : de
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Europ Ische Konsumgeschichte written by Hannes Siegrist and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Consumer cooperatives categories.
Die Entstehung der "Konsumgesellschaft" und die Herausbildung des "Konsumenten" sind zentrale Prozesse der modernen europäischen Geschichte. Der Band bietet eine systematische und exemplarische Einführung in diesen Forschungsbereich. Er zeichnet den Bogen von den Anfängen modernen Konsumierens im 18. Jahrhundert bis zur "Amerikanisierung" und dem revolutionären Wandel im Verhältnis von Konsum, Kultur und Gesellschaft in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts.Es finden sich Beiträge zu Themen wie: Konsum und Klasse, Konsum und Geschlecht, Konsumkultur, Händler, Warenhäuser und Konsumgenossenschaften. Aus international vergleichender Perspektive wird die deutsche Situation analysiert.Unveränderter Nachdruck der Ausgabe von 1997.
Beer In The Middle Ages And The Renaissance
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Author : Richard W. Unger
language : en
Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press
Release Date : 2013-05-22
Beer In The Middle Ages And The Renaissance written by Richard W. Unger and has been published by University of Pennsylvania Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-22 with History categories.
The beer of today—brewed from malted grain and hops, manufactured by large and often multinational corporations, frequently associated with young adults, sports, and drunkenness—is largely the result of scientific and industrial developments of the nineteenth century. Modern beer, however, has little in common with the drink that carried that name through the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Looking at a time when beer was often a nutritional necessity, was sometimes used as medicine, could be flavored with everything from the bark of fir trees to thyme and fresh eggs, and was consumed by men, women, and children alike, Beer in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance presents an extraordinarily detailed history of the business, art, and governance of brewing. During the medieval and early modern periods beer was as much a daily necessity as a source of inebriation and amusement. It was the beverage of choice of urban populations that lacked access to secure sources of potable water; a commodity of economic as well as social importance; a safe drink for daily consumption that was less expensive than wine; and a major source of tax revenue for the state. In Beer in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, Richard W. Unger has written an encompassing study of beer as both a product and an economic force in Europe. Drawing from archives in the Low Countries and England to assemble an impressively complete history, Unger describes the transformation of the industry from small-scale production that was a basic part of housewifery to a highly regulated commercial enterprise dominated by the wealthy and overseen by government authorities. Looking at the intersecting technological, economic, cultural, and political changes that influenced the transformation of brewing over centuries, he traces how improvements in technology and in the distribution of information combined to standardize quality, showing how the process of urbanization created the concentrated markets essential for commercial production. Weaving together the stories of prosperous businessmen, skilled brewmasters, and small producers, this impressively researched overview of the social and cultural practices that surrounded the beer industry is rich in implication for the history of the period as a whole.
Historisch Kritischer Kommentar Zum Bgb
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Author : Reinhard Zimmermann
language : de
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Historisch Kritischer Kommentar Zum Bgb written by Reinhard Zimmermann and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Civil law categories.
Debtor Nation
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Author : Louis Hyman
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2012-10-28
Debtor Nation written by Louis Hyman and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-28 with History categories.
Before the twentieth century, personal debt resided on the fringes of the American economy, the province of small-time criminals and struggling merchants. By the end of the century, however, the most profitable corporations and banks in the country lent money to millions of American debtors. How did this happen? The first book to follow the history of personal debt in modern America, Debtor Nation traces the evolution of debt over the course of the twentieth century, following its transformation from fringe to mainstream--thanks to federal policy, financial innovation, and retail competition. How did banks begin making personal loans to consumers during the Great Depression? Why did the government invent mortgage-backed securities? Why was all consumer credit, not just mortgages, tax deductible until 1986? Who invented the credit card? Examining the intersection of government and business in everyday life, Louis Hyman takes the reader behind the scenes of the institutions that made modern lending possible: the halls of Congress, the boardrooms of multinationals, and the back rooms of loan sharks. America's newfound indebtedness resulted not from a culture in decline, but from changes in the larger structure of American capitalism that were created, in part, by the choices of the powerful--choices that made lending money to facilitate consumption more profitable than lending to invest in expanded production. From the origins of car financing to the creation of subprime lending, Debtor Nation presents a nuanced history of consumer credit practices in the United States and shows how little loans became big business.
Baetica Felix
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Author : Evan W. Haley
language : en
Publisher: University of Texas Press
Release Date : 2010-01-01
Baetica Felix written by Evan W. Haley and has been published by University of Texas Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-01 with History categories.
Baetica, the present-day region of Andalusia in southern Spain, was the wealthiest province of the Roman Empire. Its society was dynamic and marked by upward social and economic mobility, as the imperial peace allowed the emergence of a substantial middle social and economic stratum. Indeed, so mutually beneficial was the imposition of Roman rule on the local population of Baetica that it demands a new understanding of the relationship between Imperial Rome and its provinces. Baetica Felix builds a new model of Roman-provincial relations through a socio-economic history of the province from Julius Caesar to the end of the second century A.D. Describing and analyzing the impact of Roman rule on a core province, Evan Haley addresses two broad questions: what effect did Roman rule have on patterns of settlement and production in Baetica, and how did it contribute to wealth generation and social mobility? His findings conclusively demonstrate that meeting the multiple demands of the Roman state created a substantial freeborn and ex-slave "middle stratum" of the population that outnumbered both the super-rich elite and the destitute poor.
This Misery Of Boots 1907
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Author : H. G. Wells
language : en
Publisher: Read Books Ltd
Release Date : 2016-09-13
This Misery Of Boots 1907 written by H. G. Wells and has been published by Read Books Ltd this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-13 with Political Science categories.
This book contains a fascinating essay presented by Wells to the Fabian Society in December 1905. The “unwearable boots” represent the unnecessary suffering caused by a system of privately owned capital—an imagine inspired by Wells' youth spent in an underground kitchen, the only view of the outside glimpses of people's feet on the pavement above. “This Misery of Boots” offers a fascinating insight into Wells' political beliefs and is not to be missed by collectors of his work. Herbert George Wells (1866 – 1946) was a prolific English writer who wrote in a variety of genres, including the novel, politics, history, and social commentary. Today, he is perhaps best remembered for his contributions to the science fiction genre thanks to such novels as “The Time Machine” (1895), “The Invisible Man” (1897), and “The War of the Worlds” (1898). Many vintage books such as this are becoming increasingly scarce and expensive. We are republishing this book now in an affordable, modern, high-quality edition complete with a specially commissioned new biography of the author.