European Centre For Expertise Ece In The Field Of Labour Law Employment And Labour Market Policy
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European Centre Of Expertise Ece In The Field Of Labour Law Employment And Labour Market Policies
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Author : Esa Jokinen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
European Centre Of Expertise Ece In The Field Of Labour Law Employment And Labour Market Policies written by Esa Jokinen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Finland has developed into a knowledge economy from a natural resource-based background in a relatively short space of time. The hastiness of this progress has left the nation with many structural vulnerabilities, which have resulted in many setbacks to the economy in recent decades. In addition, as a small nation, the economy is largely export-dependent, and there is no significant capital of its own on which to build the vital economic dynamism. The solitary example of rapid global success was that of Nokia, which dominated the smartphone business in the early 2000s and, along with the whole ICT sector, provided much-needed additional employment and tax revenues after the severe recession of the 1990s. The relationship between open vacancies and the unemployment rate is close to the EU average (2018). Unemployment is relatively high in comparison to many other EU countries, but also the number of open vacancies is relatively low. Since 2016 the economy has grown after a long stagnation period, unlike anywhere else. This has caused a rapid increase in the demand for skilled labour in different sectors. At the same time, there are many longer-term structural trends, which affect the balance between the demand and supply of labour. While the unemployment rate has fallen from nearly 10% to below 7% between 2016 and 2019, the mismatch has remained, since the rate of open vacancies has doubled at the same time (2% in 2019). The mismatch problem concerns especially growing regions and large cities: a major share of working opportunities is left unutilized (MEE 2019a). High unemployment co-exists with increasing demand for labour, typically around the largest regional centres. Between 2006 and 2016, the mismatch problem worsened in several large regions in Finland, and notably in Tampere.
European Centre Of Expertise Ece In The Field Of Labour Law Employment And Labour Market Policies
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Author : Oksana Žabko
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
European Centre Of Expertise Ece In The Field Of Labour Law Employment And Labour Market Policies written by Oksana Žabko and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
EU level sources show a controversial situation regarding skills imbalances in Latvia caused by various factors, both by positive economic development in specific sectors and regions and stagnation in others. A relatively small population and economic sensitivity of the country to external factors creates a demand for flexible, multi- and cross-sectoral competences, i.e., employees who are able to perform duties related to several positions, have technical skills in several occupational sub-fields and combine them with some general soft skills (cognitive and non-cognitive skills). In this context, on the one hand, training and active labour market policies are an important instrument for reducing skills shortages and helping people to integrate in the labour market; on the other hand, tackling skills imbalances requires close cooperation with employers. During the last fifteen years, Latvia has taken several measures to reduce skills imbalances. Firstly, significant investments have been made in reforming and re-shaping the education system, especially initial VET training. Secondly, the involvement of employers' organisations in shaping employment policy in Latvia has been ongoing for more than a decade. However, the development and maintenance of flexible cooperation networks among stakeholders remains a major challenge in formulating policy responses.
European Centre For Expertise Ece In The Field Of Labour Law Employment And Labour Market Policy
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Author : Manuel Souto Otero
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
European Centre For Expertise Ece In The Field Of Labour Law Employment And Labour Market Policy written by Manuel Souto Otero and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Skills imbalances refer to a discrepancy between the demand and supply of skills in the labour market, in other words a situation in which the skills sought by employers are different from the skills offered by workers in general, or by job-seekers in particular. Skills imbalances can be vertical, when the level of skills or education is more or less than the level of skills or education required to perform a job. They can also be horizontal when the type of education or skills is not appropriate for the current job, but the level of education or skills matches the requirements of the job. The mismatches can be geographical as well, where the workers with types and levels of skills or education required are based in a country or region different from where such skills are needed. Due to technological and organisational changes, skills imbalances are likely to increase. If they persist, skills imbalances can lead to short- and long-term economic and social losses for workers, employers and society. With this in mind, understanding the extent of skills imbalances is thus crucial for assessing how effective skills policies are in terms of aligning the demand with the supply of skills and for improving the labour market outcomes of different skills groups. This Review covers skills imbalances in 19 EU Member States (Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czechia, Germany, Greece, Finland, France, Croatia, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden). The country reports include very detailed information on sources of labour market intelligence, skills imbalances and policies to address them, so readers interested in the full nuances of those descriptions are referred to the country reports.
European Centre Of Expertise Ece In The Field Of Labour Law Employment And Labour Market Policies
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Author : Tjaša Redek
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
European Centre Of Expertise Ece In The Field Of Labour Law Employment And Labour Market Policies written by Tjaša Redek and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
This paper has been prepared under the ECE thematic review on Skills Imbalances in the EU and follows the provided guidance. The purpose of the paper is to highlight the situation in the labour market in Slovenia, to use the available sources of data to identify the level of skills mismatch and discuss policies that are addressing the skills mismatch.
Labour Law
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Author : Andrzej Świątkowski
language : en
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Release Date : 2019-04-16
Labour Law written by Andrzej Świątkowski and has been published by Kluwer Law International B.V. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-16 with Law categories.
Derived from the renowned multi-volume International Encyclopaedia of Laws, this monograph on the Council of Europe not only describes and analyses the legal aspects of labour relations, but also examines labour relations practices and developing trends. It provides a survey of the subject that is both usefully brief and sufficiently detailed to answer most questions likely to arise in any pertinent legal setting. Both individual and collective labour relations are covered in ample detail, with attention to such underlying and pervasive factors as employment contracts, suspension of the contracts, dismissal laws and covenant of non-competition, as well as international private law. The author describes all important details of the law governing hours and wages, benefits, intellectual property implications, trade union activity, employers’ associations, workers’ participation, collective bargaining, industrial disputes, and much more. Building on a clear overview of labour law and labour relations, the book offers practical guidance on which sound preliminary decisions may be based. It will find a ready readership among lawyers representing parties with interests in the Council of Europe, and academics and researchers will appreciate its value in the study of comparative trends in laws affecting labour and labour relations.
European Centre Of Expertise Ece In The Field Of Labour Law Employment And Labour Market Policies
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Author : Robert Plasman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
European Centre Of Expertise Ece In The Field Of Labour Law Employment And Labour Market Policies written by Robert Plasman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Eu Collective Labour Law
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Author : ter Haar, Beryl
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2021-12-09
Eu Collective Labour Law written by ter Haar, Beryl and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-09 with Law categories.
This unique book offers a comprehensive systematization and overview of the EU´s emerging ‘acquis’ and practice of Collective Labour Law. Although the core aspects of Collective Labour Law lie outside the EU’s competence to regulate, the laws and industrial relations systems of Member States are undoubtedly influenced by the EU, and the involvement of Social Partners, i.e. representatives of employers and workers, is essential for many aspects of EU law and policy.
Labour Law And Social Protection In A Globalized World
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Author : Jan Pichrt
language : en
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Release Date : 2018-09-07
Labour Law And Social Protection In A Globalized World written by Jan Pichrt and has been published by Kluwer Law International B.V. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-07 with Law categories.
The protection of jobs and labour law standards achieved by employees in the past has been under pressure from neoliberalization forces for many years. The focused perspectives evident in this original collection of essays go a long way toward clearly de? ning where labour law and social security law must set their sights in order to preserve fair and productive employer-employee relations in the new world of work. Distinguished researchers study the changing realities confronting the labour market, in public policy as well as in industrial relations. Issues and topics include the following: – integration of immigrants into industrial relations; – the social situation of migrant workers; – new phenomena brought by the digital age; – temporary agency work; – harmonizing family and working lives; – sport and labour law; – the role of European Works Councils; and – social and labour reforms. Throughout this book, the contributors emphasize the changing role of the state and reform agendas. Although the central focus is on Europe, there is an abundance of comparative detail, allowing for global application. As a matchless, up-to-date overview and analysis of how new and emerging forms of employment and industrial relations impact employee security, this book will be warmly welcomed by practitioners, academics, and policymakers concerned with ensuring the persistence of fair and viable standards in labour and social security law.
European Centre Of Expertise Ece In The Field Of Labour Law Employment And Labour Market Policies
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Author : Nicola Düll
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
European Centre Of Expertise Ece In The Field Of Labour Law Employment And Labour Market Policies written by Nicola Düll and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Skills shortages have been a major and growing concern in Germany over the past decade. Tensions in the labour markets resulting in difficulties to recruit skilled and highly skilled staff already emerged before the 2008 global financial crisis. This is one of the reasons why in Germany there was not a strong increase in unemployment in 2008 and the years after. Instead, companies made significant use of labour time accounts as well as of short-term unemployment measures paid by the Federal Employment Agency (Bundesagentur für Arbeit, BA). Thus, at that time retention policies were a key strategy in order to overcome expected future recruitment difficulties. The German economy recovered quickly from the strong drop in GDP in 2009. Since then, the business cycle has been favourable. Recently, there are signs of the economy cooling down. Although, Germany belongs to the group of countries with high skills proficiency and low dispersion of skills, skills imbalances are a serious concern mainly from the perspective of skills shortages that may occur in the context of demographic change (in particular the increasing incidence of older workers) and the digitisation of the economy as well as from the perspective of social inclusion as some groups of the population are left behind. A low-skills level puts individuals increasingly at risk. Skills shortages, or the threat of it, increases the pressure to make better use of the workforce and their skills set in the labour market. Making the best use of skills and preparing future generations with the skills in demand, and with the capacity to adapt to ongoing technological change in the era of digitisation, as well as promoting social inclusion, are major challenges for the skills governance system.
European Centre Of Expertise Ece In The Field Of Labour Law Employment And Labour Market Policies
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Author : Dominique Anxo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
European Centre Of Expertise Ece In The Field Of Labour Law Employment And Labour Market Policies written by Dominique Anxo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
As in many other post-industrial societies, the production of goods and services in Sweden relies heavily on technological progress and the increasing productivity of organisations, both in the private and the public sector. This poses high demands on the skill-level of the labour force, both in terms of their educational background and their ability to acquire new skills during their working life. Despite an expansion of higher education during recent decades, there are significant skills shortages in many occupational areas, in particular in the public sector for welfare, healthcare and education, and in the private sector for industrial production. Sweden is a small open economy that relies heavily on international trade in goods and services, and where production in high-tech industries is a central component of Swedish exports. This fact highlights the importance of a skilled workforce. In addition, the demographic changes and population growth due to migration poses challenges on the provision of welfare and healthcare services in the public sector. This report shows that the largest skills shortages are found in the educational fields of healthcare, industrial production, engineering and compulsory education. The skills surpluses are particularly large among educated labour within business and administration, humanities and artistic education, journalism and media science education. The main drivers of skills imbalances are demographic changes that increase demand for skilled workers in healthcare, education and welfare services, as well as rapid technological changes in industrial production and engineering. On the supply side, relatively low wages and challenging working conditions in healthcare and schools reduces the supply of workers in these occupations.