Evaluation Of Hybrid Binder For Dense And Open Graded Asphalt Mixtures
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Evaluation Of Hybrid Binder For Dense And Open Graded Asphalt Mixtures
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Author : Weitao Li
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Evaluation Of Hybrid Binder For Dense And Open Graded Asphalt Mixtures written by Weitao Li and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
ABSTRACT: Binder and mixture tests were performed to evaluate the relative performance of a PG 67-22 base binder and six other commercially available binders produced by modifying the same base binder with the following modifiers: one Styrene Butadiene Styrene (SBS) polymer, three commercially available hybrid binders composed of different percentages of rubber and SBS polymer, and two asphalt rubber binders (5% and 12 % rubber: ARB-5 and ARB-12). Results indicated that hybrid binders (modified with more rubber than SBS) that exceed the cracking performance characteristics of unmodified binder and asphalt rubber binders, and have about the same cracking performance characteristics of SBS polymer modified binder can be produced commercially. Results also indicated that hybrid binder can be suitably specified using existing specification requirements for PG76-22 binder and solubility. Therefore, it appears that hybrid binder has the potential to replace three binders currently used by FDOT in hot mix asphalt: SBS polymer modified asphalt, ARB-5, and ARB-12. It was recommended that FDOT develop a transition plan to accomplish this. The research also showed that existing binder tests do not accurately predict cracking performance at intermediate temperatures, even in a relative sense. A further Healing testing was performed on the dense-graded granite mixtures to evaluate the healing potential of hybrid binders compared to base binders. Different testing procedures were carried out and analyzed to give a better understanding of healing mechanisms. Results from healing test agreed with those from cracking performance evaluation. However, more healing parameters and procedure need to be fully developed to capture healing characteristics more specifically. It was recommended that FDOT pursue development and evaluation of the healing test.
Performance Survey On Open Graded Friction Course Mixes
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Author : Gerald Huber
language : en
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
Release Date : 2000
Performance Survey On Open Graded Friction Course Mixes written by Gerald Huber and has been published by Transportation Research Board this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This synthesis will be of interest to pavement construction, maintenance, design, and materials engineers; pavement contractors; and others interested in the use of open-graded friction course (OGFC) mixes. It describes the current state of the practice on the use of OGFC mixes, including information regarding design, materials, construction, maintenance, and rehabilitation strategies. Alternative treatments to traditional OGFC are also identified and discussed. Information was collected by surveying U.S. and Canadian transportation agencies and by conducting a literature search to gather additional insight into North American and European practices. This TRB report describes the recent performance of North American OGFC mixes and European porous asphalt by identifying benefits and stress indicators. A new generation of OGFC mixes has evolved over the last 5 years with changes that have been reported to dramatically improve performance. This synthesis describes new materials and design methods being used, as well as the applicability of the new generation of open-graded mixtures to North American use.
Evaluation Of Hybrid Rubber Modified Asphalt Mixtures And Pavements A Case Study In Virginia
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Author : Jhony Habbouche
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Evaluation Of Hybrid Rubber Modified Asphalt Mixtures And Pavements A Case Study In Virginia written by Jhony Habbouche and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with Asphalt--Additives categories.
Several state departments of transportation have recognized the benefits of modified asphalt mixtures in resisting multiple modes of climate- and load-induced distresses in flexible pavements. Throughout the past 50 years, asphalt binders have been modified with various components such as styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) polymers, ground tire rubber, chemicals (e.g., acid), recycled engine oils, etc., to achieve the desired properties. Hybrid rubber modified asphalt (HRMA) is an innovative engineered additive derived from ground tire rubber, elastomeric SBS polymers, and additive technologies. HRMA is specifically formulated to improve the high temperature stiffness and elastic properties of performance graded binders and the storage stability of modified binders. The purpose of this study was to document and assess HRMA field trials constructed in Virginia. This study documented and evaluated the constructability and laboratory performance of two plant-produced HRMA mixtures compared with the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) typical SBS-modified surface mixtures as reference mixtures. No changes from routine established practices in terms of surface preparation, production at the plant, or paving operations were reported. The four mixtures were evaluated in terms of durability, dynamic modulus, resistance to rutting, and resistance to cracking using multi-level performance tests (basic, intermediate, advanced). All the derived observations indicated that HRMA modification could be as beneficial as regular SBS modification and could provide similar or better performance properties and characteristics for the resultant mixtures. The study recommends that VDOT consider the use of HRMA surface mixtures as an alternative to the current use of regular SBS-modified surface mixtures on higher-volume facilities. Since the sections evaluated in this study were placed in 2021, the 2-year performance data and corresponding observations are still considered preliminary. Continued monitoring of field performance will be needed to quantify any benefit of HRMA mixtures in comparison with regular SBS-modified surface mixtures. The study also recommends additional field trials with HRMA mixtures for further performance evaluation.
Evaluation Of Pba 6gr Binder For Open Graded Asphalt Concrete
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Evaluation Of Pba 6gr Binder For Open Graded Asphalt Concrete written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Pavements, Asphalt concrete categories.
Reacted And Activated Rubber Rar Modified Dense Graded Asphalt Mixtures Design And Performance Evaluation
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Author : Sampat Kedarisetty
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Reacted And Activated Rubber Rar Modified Dense Graded Asphalt Mixtures Design And Performance Evaluation written by Sampat Kedarisetty and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Asphalt categories.
The modification of asphalt mixtures with rubber in the conventional process includes specialized equipment for mixing and storage and concurrently necessitates reheating prior to use. Reacted and Activated Rubber (RAR) is a novel rubber-based asphalt mixture modifier that can be added into the mixture matrix without the complexities associated with wet mixing. The objective of this study was to design and assess the performance of RAR-modified dense-graded asphalt mixtures against key pavement distresses. Furthermore, the performance of RAR-modified mixtures was compared to the unmodified and commercially available rubber-modified asphalt-based mixtures. Two levels of RAR dosage at 2 and 4 % by total weight of mix were included with two different base binders. Four performance characteristics were analyzed: resistance to rutting at high temperatures, failure by fatigue, fracture energy, and susceptibility to moisture damage. Increased rut resistance and higher fatigue lives were observed for higher RAR contents. Statistical analyses revealed insignificant changes in fracture energy among the different mixtures, and all the mixtures were found to be resistant to moisture damage. RAR was concluded as a compatible promising rubber modifier with a significant potential to improve resistance of asphalt pavements against distresses and capable of providing extended life cycles. Because RAR showed significant improvement in the performance of the dense-graded asphalt mixtures, this study recommended expanding the scope of utilizing the RAR materials with other aggregate gradations both at the laboratory and field levels in future.
Characterization And Implementation Of Ground Tire Rubber As Post Consumer Polymers For Asphalt Concrete
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Author : Gaylon L. Baumgardner
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Characterization And Implementation Of Ground Tire Rubber As Post Consumer Polymers For Asphalt Concrete written by Gaylon L. Baumgardner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Asphalt binder modification is a common method of improving Hot-mix Asphalt (HMA) performance by enhancing mix properties and reducing or delaying three general HMA distress types: deformation (rutting and shoving), cracking (from repeated loads and low temperatures) and general deterioration (raveling and stripping). Since the early 1960’s, a common modified asphalt alternative has employed reclaimed rubber as an economical and environmental friendly method of recycling waste tires while improving asphalt physical and mechanical properties. Pavement network deterioration combined with increasing material costs makes polymer modification of asphalt binder desirable, with reclaimed rubber from waste tires being an attractive alternative which addresses performance, economics and environmental issues. The primary objective of this dissertation is to demonstrate the importance of proper processing of all types of modified bituminous binders, whether they be virgin (e.g. styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) or styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)), post-consumer polymers (e.g. ground tire rubber (GTR)) or a combination (GTR plus SBS). To achieve this four secondary objectives were identified: 1) characterize GTR using thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), 2) improve processing of GTR modified binders, 3) improve testing and specifications of GTR modified binders and 4) evaluate mixes containing GTR modified binders. A simple efficient instrumental, TGA, method to analyze polymers in binary rubber compounds was developed to quantify the functional polymer content available in GTR. TGA analysis provides a better understanding of the general chemical characteristics of GTR used in modification of asphalt binders for production of asphalt paving mixtures. Results are presented from efforts to optimize GTR modified binder formulations with respect to how GTR loading, GTR particle size, processing temperature and asphalt cement source affect modified binder properties and ability to meet performance graded binder specifications. These results are the basis to establish recommended processing parameters for formulation and preparation of GTR modified asphalt binders. GTR modified binders were used in: dense graded asphalt (DGA), stone matrix asphalt (SMA) and open graded friction courses (OGFC) and compared to conventional asphalt cement and styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) modified asphalt binders. Mixture performance evaluation with respect to binder effectiveness as it relates to the three general HMA distress types.
Performance Assessment Of Asphalt Mixes Containing Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement And Tire Rubber
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Author : Shawn Shiangfeng Hung
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Performance Assessment Of Asphalt Mixes Containing Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement And Tire Rubber written by Shawn Shiangfeng Hung and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
The pavement community, including both agencies and industries, is moving toward more sustainable pavement designs and pavement network management. Increasing amounts of recycled materials, both reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and recycled tire rubber, are expected to be used in new pavement construction projects in the future to reduce the use of virgin binder and aggregates. The main concern of using recycled materials in new asphalt pavement is the potential negative effect on the performance. Thus, the primary objective of this dissertation is to improve the current laboratory testing technologies and performance assessment approaches for characterizing the performance-related properties of asphalt mixes containing recycled materials and to improve understanding of how these properties affect the performance of asphalt pavements so that they can be designed and constructed better. A major challenge regarding the use of high RAP content mixes is the differences in the rheological properties of the virgin binder (mixes without RAP) and the blended binder (mixes with RAP). Traditionally, binder blending charts are used to determine the appropriate RAP content in asphalt mixes and the selection of virgin binder grade as part of the Superpave volumetric mix design procedures when RAP is incorporated in the mix. However, producing mixes based on blending charts that require testing of extracted and recovered RAP binders is expensive and hazardous. An alternative test approach for binder blending charts using fine aggregate matrix (FAM) mix testing is presented in this dissertation. The results demonstrated that the proposed approach could estimate the blended binder intermediate and low performance grading temperatures within ±3°C of the measured blended binder performance grading temperatures. Even though the proposed approach is not as accurate as the blending chart method (within ±2°C), it provides both cost and environmental benefits. Currently, the Superpave Performance Grading (PG) system cannot not be used to evaluate the performance-related properties of asphalt rubber binders produced using larger crumb rubber particles (maximum particle size passing 2.36 mm sieve) due to the limitations of parallel plate geometry. With the consideration of more open-graded or gap-graded rubberized hot mix asphalt (RHMA-O and RHMA-G) projects in the future, it is important to be able to perform Superpave PG testing on asphalt rubber binder and to establish performance-based contract acceptance criteria for the production of asphalt rubber binders. The test results indicated that the concentric cylinder geometry is an appropriate alternative geometry to parallel plates for quantifying the properties of asphalt rubber binders and specifically for assessing the high-temperature performance properties of binders containing crumb rubber particles larger than 250 [mu]m. Concerns have been raised with regard to incorporating reclaimed rubberized asphalt pavement (RRAP) into dense-graded new hot mix asphalt (HMA-DG) and RAP into new RHMA-G since the interactions between the virgin binder, age-hardened binder, and recycled tire rubber could considerably affect the rutting, fatigue cracking, and thermal cracking performances of new HMA-DG and RHMA-G. The fundamental differences between RAP and RRAP were identified and the performance of new mixes that contain these recycled materials were evaluated in this study. The experimental results showed that adding RRAP to HMA-DG mixes is ideal to resist rutting and low-temperature cracking based on the changes in mix stiffness. The HMA-DG mixes containing RRAP are better at resisting high tensile strain loadings than mixes containing RAP. In addition, adding RAP to RHMA-G mixes improves the rutting performance but diminishes the cracking performance, and potentially negating the benefits of selecting RHMA-G as an overlay to retard the rate of reflection cracking. Lastly, the effects of rest periods on asphalt fatigue performance considering asphalt thixotropy, non-linearity, self-heating, self-cooling, and steric hardening were also investigated in this research. The experimental test results showed that asphalt thixotropic softening and other biasing effects control the first 10 to 15 percent decrease in stiffness for unmodified binders and 15 to 35 percent decrease in stiffness for modified binders under cyclic loading, and this decrease in stiffness can be recovered with the introduction of rest periods. This means that most of the repeated loadings applied to test specimens within the thixotropic softening range do not caused any fatigue damage but only softening of the materials. Thus, by providing sufficient rest periods within the thixotropic softening range can effectively improve asphalt fatigue performance. Both the thixotropic softening range and the required time for thixotropic recovery (i.e., rest periods) need to be considered in asphalt fatigue test and mechanistic-empirical (ME) design for better evaluation of the true fatigue performance.
Evaluation Of Pba 6gr Binder For Open Graded Asphalt Concrete 1993 And 1994 Projects
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Author : Liz Hunt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Evaluation Of Pba 6gr Binder For Open Graded Asphalt Concrete 1993 And 1994 Projects written by Liz Hunt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Pavements, Asphalt concrete categories.
Proceedings Of The 10th International Conference On Maintenance And Rehabilitation Of Pavements
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Author : Paulo Pereira
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date :
Proceedings Of The 10th International Conference On Maintenance And Rehabilitation Of Pavements written by Paulo Pereira and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Hris Abstracts
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Hris Abstracts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Highway engineering categories.