Evaluation Of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Components
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Evaluation Of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Components
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Author : Harwell Laboratory. Energy Technology Support Unit. Fuel Cells Programme
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Evaluation Of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Components written by Harwell Laboratory. Energy Technology Support Unit. Fuel Cells Programme and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Direct energy conversion categories.
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology
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Author : K Huang
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2009-07-30
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology written by K Huang and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-07-30 with Technology & Engineering categories.
High temperature solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology is a promising power generation option that features high electrical efficiency and low emissions of environmentally polluting gases such as CO2, NOox and SOx. It is ideal for distributed stationary power generation applications where both high-efficiency electricity and high-quality heat are in strong demand. For the past few decades, SOFC technology has attracted intense worldwide R&D effort and, along with polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology, has undergone extensive commercialization development. This book presents a systematic and in-depth narrative of the technology from the perspective of fundamentals, providing comprehensive theoretical analysis and innovative characterization techniques for SOFC technology. The book initially deals with the basics and development of SOFC technology from cell materials to fundamental thermodynamics, electronic properties of solids and charged particle transport. This coverage is extended with a thorough analysis of such operational features as current flow and energy balance, and on to voltage losses and electrical efficiency. Furthermore, the book also covers the important issues of fuel cell stability and durability with chapters on performance characterization, fuel processing, and electrode poisoning. Finally, the book provides a comprehensive review for SOFC materials and fabrication techniques. A series of useful scientific appendices rounds off the book. Solid oxide fuel cell technology is a standard reference for all those researching this important field as well as those working in the power industry. Provides a comprehensive review of solid oxide fuel cells from history and design to chemistry and materials development Presents analysis of operational features including current flow, energy balance, voltage losses and electrical efficiency Explores fuel cell stability and durability with specific chapters examining performance characterization, fuel processing and electrode poisoning
Assessment Of Research Needs For Advanced Fuel Cells
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Author : S. S. Penner
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Assessment Of Research Needs For Advanced Fuel Cells written by S. S. Penner and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Assessment of Research Needs for Advanced Fuel Cells covers the status of fuel cell research and development efforts, as well as inputs on research needs. Chapter 1 presents a summary of research recommendations and Chapters 2-6 describes the surveys on salient features of individual fuel cell types, including elaborations of long-term research needs relating to the expeditious introduction of improved fuel cells. The book further tackles phosphoric acid fuel cells; alkaline fuel cells; solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells; molten carbonate fuel cells; and high-temperature solid-oxide fuel cells.
Evaluation Of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Interconnect Coatings
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Author : Louis Victor Gambino
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Evaluation Of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Interconnect Coatings written by Louis Victor Gambino and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Perovskite Oxide For Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
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Author : Tatsumi Ishihara
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-06-12
Perovskite Oxide For Solid Oxide Fuel Cells written by Tatsumi Ishihara and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-12 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Fuel cell technology is quite promising for conversion of chemical energy of hydrocarbon fuels into electricity without forming air pollutants. There are several types of fuel cells: polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), and alkaline fuel cell (AFC). Among these, SOFCs are the most efficient and have various advantages such as flexibility in fuel, high reliability, simple balance of plant (BOP), and a long history. Therefore, SOFC technology is attracting much attention as a power plant and is now close to marketing as a combined heat and power generation system. From the beginning of SOFC development, many perovskite oxides have been used for SOFC components; for example, LaMnO -based oxide for the cathode and 3 LaCrO for the interconnect are the most well known materials for SOFCs. The 3 current SOFCs operate at temperatures higher than 1073 K. However, lowering the operating temperature of SOFCs is an important goal for further SOFC development. Reliability, durability, and stability of the SOFCs could be greatly improved by decreasing their operating temperature. In addition, a lower operating temperature is also beneficial for shortening the startup time and decreasing energy loss from heat radiation. For this purpose, faster oxide ion conductors are required to replace the conventional Y O -stabilized ZrO 2 3 2 electrolyte. A new class of electrolytes such as LaGaO is considered to be 3 highly useful for intermediate-temperature SOFCs.
High Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Fundamentals Design And Applications
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Author : S.C. Singhal
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2003-12-08
High Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Fundamentals Design And Applications written by S.C. Singhal and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-12-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.
High Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Design and Applications provides a comprehensive discussion of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). SOFCs are the most efficient devices for the electrochemical conversion of chemical energy of hydrocarbon fuels into electricity, and have been gaining increasing attention for clean and efficient distributed power generation. The book explains the operating principle, cell component materials, cell and stack designs and fabrication processes, cell and stack performance, and applications of SOFCs. Individual chapters are written by internationally renowned authors in their respective fields, and the text is supplemented by a large number of references for further information. The book is primarily intended for use by researchers, engineers, and other technical people working in the field of SOFCs. Even though the technology is advancing at a very rapid pace, the information contained in most of the chapters is fundamental enough for the book to be useful even as a text for SOFC technology at the graduate level.
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
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Author : Radenka Maric
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2020-12-09
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells written by Radenka Maric and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-09 with Science categories.
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: From Fundamental Principles to Complete Systems is as a valuable resource for beginners, experienced researchers, and developers of solid oxide fuel cells. It provides a fundamental understanding of SOFCs by covering the present state-of-the-art as well as ongoing research and future challenges to be solved. It discusses current and future materials and provides an overview of development activities with a more general system approach toward fuel cell plant technology, including plant design and economics, industrial data and advances in technology. Provides an understanding of the operating principles of SOFCs Discusses state-of-the-art materials, technologies and processes Includes a review of current industry and lessons learned Offers a more general system approach toward fuel cell plant technology, including plant design and economics of SOFC manufacture Covers significant technical challenges that remain to be solved Presents the status of government activities, industry and market This book is aimed at electrochemists, batteries and fuel cell engineers, alternative energy scientists, and professionals in materials science.
Evaluation Of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Interconnect Coatings
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Author : Louis Victor Gambino
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Evaluation Of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Interconnect Coatings written by Louis Victor Gambino and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Evaluation Of The Mechanical Properties Of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Materials
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Author : Ramakrishna Gwat Koravadi Venkatesha Murthy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Evaluation Of The Mechanical Properties Of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Materials written by Ramakrishna Gwat Koravadi Venkatesha Murthy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
In the pursuit of economic sources of "green energy", Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) are of substantial interest due to their high efficiency, long-term stability, low emissions, and relatively low costs. With a capability of achieving an efficiency of 80%, SOFCs are the most efficient of all the hydrogen fuel cells. These systems operate at high temperatures, often ranging between 500°C and 1000°C. Due to such high operating temperatures, the components of SOFCs are fabricated from ceramic or cermet materials, which exhibit high sensitivity to pores and flaws. Hence, it is important to characterize the reliability and service life of advanced ceramic components at extreme operational environments. Due to their relatively high flaw sensitivity, the mechanical properties of ceramics should be described in a probabilistic manner, to enable a complete description of component reliability. Magnesia Magnesium Aluminate (MMA) is a candidate ceramic material for high-temperature applications including SOFCs. In the present investigation, the strength distribution and Slow Crack Growth (SCG) behavior of a dense MMA manifold material and porous MMA tube material were evaluated via 4-point flexural testing at temperatures of 20°C, 50°C, and 850°C under wide range of environmental conditions involving exposure to moisture and a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen gas. A fractographic analysis was performed to identify the origins of failure and as a function of the environment and temperature. It was found that the flexure strength distribution for the dense MMA (proposed as a manifold material) exhibited a Weibull modulus of approximately 11. In addition, at 50°C and 3.5% moisture by volume, the strength displayed significant rate dependence with an SCG exponent of 17, indicating relatively high susceptibility of the material to slow crack growth failures. The flexure strength distribution of the porous MMA (proposed as a tube material) exhibited a Weibull modulus of approximately 10, with large difference between the ambient conditions and high temperature response. At 850°C and within a reformulated fuel environment (50% moisture, 45% nitrogen and 5% hydrogen by volume) the strength displayed significant rate dependence with a SCG exponent of -33, indicating susceptibility of the material to slow crack growth failures. Thermal cycling was found to increase the Weibull modulus of both the dense MMA manifold materials and porous MMA tube materials. Fractography showed that regardless of loading rate or environment, large surface pores resulting from processing were the origins of failure in the weakest samples of both the manifold and tube MMA materials. The results from this investigation should make a significant contribution to the literature concerning the high temperature behavior of structural ceramics.
Phase 1 Evaluation Of A Functional Interconnect System For Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
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Author : James M. Rakowski
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Phase 1 Evaluation Of A Functional Interconnect System For Solid Oxide Fuel Cells written by James M. Rakowski and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
This project is focused on evaluating the suitability of materials and complex multi-materials systems for use as solid oxide fuel cell interconnects. ATI Allegheny Ludlum has generated promising results for interconnect materials which incorporate modified surfaces. Methods for producing these surfaces include cladding, which permits the use of novel materials, and modifications via unique thermomechanical processing, which allows for the modification of materials chemistry. The University of Pittsburgh is assisting in this effort by providing use of their in-place facilities for dual atmosphere testing and ASR measurements, along with substantial work to characterize post-exposure specimens. Carnegie Mellon is testing interconnects for chromia scale spallation resistance using macro-scale and nano-scale indentation tests. Chromia spallation can increase electrical resistance to unacceptable levels and interconnect systems must be developed that will not experience spallation within 40,000 hours at operating temperatures. Spallation is one of three interconnect failure mechanisms, the others being excessive growth of the chromia scale (increasing electrical resistance) and scale evaporation (which can poison the cathode). The goal of indentation fracture testing at Carnegie Mellon is to accelerate the evaluation of new interconnect systems (by inducing spalls at after short exposure times) and to use fracture mechanics to understand mechanisms leading to premature interconnect failure by spallation. Tests include bare alloys from ATI and coated systems from DOE Laboratories and industrial partners, using ATI alloy substrates. West Virginia University is working towards developing a cost-effective material for use as a contact material in the cathode chamber of the SOFC. Currently materials such as platinum are well suited for this purpose, but are cost-prohibitive. For the solid-oxide fuel cell to become a commercial reality it is imperative that lower cost components be developed. Based on the results obtained to date, it appears that sterling silver could be an inexpensive, dependable candidate for use as a contacting material in the cathode chamber of the solid-oxide fuel cell. Although data regarding pure silver samples show a lower rate of thickness reduction, the much lower cost of sterling silver makes it an attractive alternative for use in SOFC operation.