Evapotranspiration From Measurements To Agricultural And Environmental Applications
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Evapotranspiration
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Author : Giacomo Gerosa
language : en
Publisher: IntechOpen
Release Date : 2011-11-09
Evapotranspiration written by Giacomo Gerosa and has been published by IntechOpen this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-09 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book represents an overview of the direct measurement techniques of evapotranspiration with related applications to the water use optimization in the agricultural practice and to the ecosystems study. Different measuring techniques at leaf level (porometry), plant-level (sap-flow, lysimetry) and agro-ecosystem level (Surface Renewal, Eddy Covariance, Multi layer BREB), are presented with detailed explanations and examples. For the optimization of the water use in agriculture, detailed measurements on transpiration demands of crops and different cultivars, as well as results of different irrigation schemes and techniques (i.e. subsurface drip) in semi-arid areas for open-field, greenhouse and potted grown plants are presented. Aspects on ET of crops in saline environments, effects of ET on groundwater quality in xeric environments as well as the application of ET to climatic classification are also depicted. The book provides an excellent overview for both, researchers and student,s who intend to address these issues.
Evapotranspiration From Measurements To Agricultural And Environmental Applications
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Author : Stefanos Palmer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016-04
Evapotranspiration From Measurements To Agricultural And Environmental Applications written by Stefanos Palmer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04 with Evapotranspiration categories.
Evapotranspiration (ET) is the sum of evaporation and plant transpiration from the Earth's land and ocean surface to the atmosphere. Evaporation accounts for the movement of water to the air from sources such as the soil, canopy interception, and water bodies. Transpiration consists of the vaporization of liquid water contained in plant tissues and the vapour removal to the atmosphere. Crops predominately lose their water through stomata. These are small openings on the plant leaf through which gases and water vapour pass. The water, together with some nutrients, is taken up by the roots and transported through the plant. The vaporization occurs within the leaf, namely in the intercellular spaces, and the vapour exchange with the atmosphere is controlled by the stomatal aperture. Nearly all water taken up is lost by transpiration and only a tiny fraction is used within the plant. Energy is required to change the state of the molecules of water from liquid to vapour. Direct solar radiation and, to a lesser extent, the ambient temperature of the air provide this energy. The driving force to remove water vapour from the evaporating surface is the difference between the water vapour pressure at the evaporating surface and that of the surrounding atmosphere. As evaporation proceeds, the surrounding air becomes gradually saturated and the process will slow down and might stop if the wet air is not transferred to the atmosphere. The replacement of the saturated air with drier air depends greatly on wind speed. Hence, solar radiation, air temperature, air humidity and wind speed are climatological parameters to consider when assessing the evaporation process. This book, Evapotranspiration - From Measurements to Agricultural and Environmental Applications, characterizes an overview of the direct measurement techniques of evapotranspiration with related applications to the water use optimization in the agricultural practice and to the ecosystems study. For the optimization of the water use in agriculture, detailed measurements on transpiration demands of crops and different cultivars, as well as results of different irrigation schemes and techniques in semi-arid areas for openfield, greenhouse and potted grown plants are presented. The book provides a tremendous synopsis for both, researchers and students who expect to address these issues.
Evapotranspiration
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Author : Stavros Alexandris
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2013-04-30
Evapotranspiration written by Stavros Alexandris and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-30 with Science categories.
Evapotranspiration - An Overview contains recent advances in the physics of evaporation and transpiration from a typical experimental site to large scale areas. It incorporates many years of authors experience with the latest research on the methods and the models used worldwide, engaging advanced technology and modern instrumentation. The reader benefits from the in-depth analysis and the diverse sites and settings, where the models, applications and methods are tested. Weather conditions, soil moisture, geology, climatic systems are examined for their role and influence on the theoretical and actual water demand by the atmosphere in the earth's ecosystem. This book not only provides students and scientists with the information to improve the procedures for estimating evapotranspiration, but will also help them to manage and evaluate the observed data.
Evapotranspiration
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Author : Megh R Goyal
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2013-09-26
Evapotranspiration written by Megh R Goyal and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-26 with Science categories.
This book covers topics on the basic models, assessments, and techniques to calculate evapotranspiration (ET) for practical applications in agriculture, forestry, and urban science. This simple and thorough guide provides the information and techniques necessary to develop, manage, interpret, and apply evapotranspiration ET data to practical applications. The simplicity of the contents assists technicians in developing ET data for effective water management.
Evapotranspiration In Agro Ecosystems And Forestry
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Author : Suat Irmak
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2024-09-01
Evapotranspiration In Agro Ecosystems And Forestry written by Suat Irmak and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-09-01 with Science categories.
Evapotranspiration in Agro-Ecosystems and Forestry: Spatio-temporal Applications presents the progress and advances made in terms of science and application of evaporation, transpiration, and evapotranspiration for various vegetation surfaces, water bodies, and bare soil under different soil and crop management (including different irrigation and tillage management) conditions. Sections on forest and wetlands evapotranspiration and grassland evaporative losses are included, as are the fundamentals of original Penman, Penman-Monteith, Shuttleworth-Wallace and ASCE-EWRI and FAO56 Penman-Monteith equations and their derivatives. The book is an excellent resource to better understand the progression and applications and dynamics of most recent evapotranspiration, evaporation and transpiration measurement and modeling technologies. Case studies will be provided in terms of how different technologies are currently deployed, how data are used for providing information and management decisions to the users. Covers fundamentals of evapotranspiration and other surface energy balance variables Relates scientific and practical applications of evapotranspiration estimation and measurement processes Presents information and data on a range of evaporative losses and their basic scientific and operational principles
Advanced Evapotranspiration Methods And Applications
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Author : Daniel Bucur
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2019-04-03
Advanced Evapotranspiration Methods And Applications written by Daniel Bucur and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-03 with Science categories.
Since the beginning of its formation approximately three billion years ago, the hydrosphere - as an envelope of the terrestrial ellipsoid - has remained constant from a quantitative point of view. The hydrosphere modifies only the ratio of the stretches of the planetary ocean and land, including the proportion of the states of water aggregation: gaseous, liquid, and solid.The hydrological cycle transports only a portion of the hydrosphere, repeats itself annually, and presents itself as a huge planetary plant that for billions of years has operated uninterruptedly on the basis of solar energy and gravity, providing freshwater resources for the maintenance and perpetuation of life beyond the planetary ocean.Water resources are highly influenced by the hydrologic cycle and play a role in agricultural economic development. However, as is shown by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report, the phenomena of changing climate and land use are set to exacerbate an already serious situation of water supply for various users. In this context, scientific investigations into the issue of the sustainable use of water are timely and important. Improvement of water management involves the accurate estimation of consumptive uses. The purpose of this book is to show the achievements of scientists and academicians all over the world in promoting and sharing new issues on various topics related to evapotranspiration.
Evaporation And Evapotranspiration
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Author : Wossenu Abtew
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-08-28
Evaporation And Evapotranspiration written by Wossenu Abtew and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-28 with Science categories.
The book is a thorough presentation of theoretical and applied aspects of the evaporation and evapotranspiration process supported by data from experimental studies. It is written in a way that the theoretical background of evaporation and evapotranspiration estimation is presented in a simplified manner, comprehensive to most technical readers. The book deals with details of meteorological parameters and monitoring sensors which are needed for estimating evaporation and evapotranspiration. Errors in meteorological parameter measurements are also presented. Estimation errors, strengths, weaknesses and applicability of a wide range of evaporation and evapotranspiration estimation methods are presented along with samples of application to a certain region. Application of newer simpler methods is presented. A new technology, remote sensing application to evaporation and evapotranspiration estimation, is presented. The latest interest in the subject, climate change and evapotranspiration is presented in the last chapter. This book will be beneficial to students, hydrologists, engineers, meteorologists, water managers and others.
Evaporation And Evapotranspiration
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Author : Wossenu Abtew
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2012-08-28
Evaporation And Evapotranspiration written by Wossenu Abtew and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-28 with Science categories.
The book is a thorough presentation of theoretical and applied aspects of the evaporation and evapotranspiration process supported by data from experimental studies. It is written in a way that the theoretical background of evaporation and evapotranspiration estimation is presented in a simplified manner, comprehensive to most technical readers. The book deals with details of meteorological parameters and monitoring sensors which are needed for estimating evaporation and evapotranspiration. Errors in meteorological parameter measurements are also presented. Estimation errors, strengths, weaknesses and applicability of a wide range of evaporation and evapotranspiration estimation methods are presented along with samples of application to a certain region. Application of newer simpler methods is presented. A new technology, remote sensing application to evaporation and evapotranspiration estimation, is presented. The latest interest in the subject, climate change and evapotranspiration is presented in the last chapter. This book will be beneficial to students, hydrologists, engineers, meteorologists, water managers and others.
Analytical Techniques And Applications Of Evapotranspiration
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Author : Elizabeth Lamb
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015-03-20
Analytical Techniques And Applications Of Evapotranspiration written by Elizabeth Lamb and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-20 with Evapotranspiration categories.
The book includes an analysis of the assessed measurement methods of evapotranspiration. It includes the related operations to the optimization of water usage in the field of agriculture and to the study of ecosystems. Also, various measuring methods are discussed with comprehensive explanations and examples. Some of them are methods at the leaf, agro-ecosystem and plant levels. For optimized water usage in agricultural field, definite measurements on transpiration requirements of crops and various cultivars, as well as conclusions of various irrigation methods and experiments in semi-arid areas for open field, greenhouse and potted grown plants are discussed in the book. Apart from this, some other topics discussed within the book are the features of ET of crops in saline surroundings, effects of ET on groundwater quality in xeric surroundings and the application of ET to climatic classification. The book presents an overview for both researchers and students who wish to know more about these subjects.
Evapotranspiration
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Author : Leszek Labedzki
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2011-03-16
Evapotranspiration written by Leszek Labedzki and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03-16 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Evapotranspiration is a very complex phenomenon, comprising different aspects and processes (hydrological, meteorological, physiological, soil, plant and others). Farmers, agriculture advisers, extension services, hydrologists, agrometeorologists, water management specialists and many others are facing the problem of evapotranspiration. This book is dedicated to further understanding of the evapotranspiration problems, presenting a broad body of experience, by reporting different views of the authors and the results of their studies. It covers aspects from understandings and concepts of evapotranspiration, through methodology of calculating and measuring, to applications in different fields, in which evapotranspiration is an important factor. The book will be of benefit to scientists, engineers and managers involved in problems related to meteorology, climatology, hydrology, geography, agronomy and agricultural water management. We hope they will find useful material in this collection of papers.