Evidence In Action Between Science And Society
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Evidence In Action Between Science And Society
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Author : Sarah Ehlers
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2022-07-15
Evidence In Action Between Science And Society written by Sarah Ehlers and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-15 with History categories.
This volume is an interdisciplinary attempt to insert a broader, historically informed perspective into current political and academic debates on the issue of evidence and the reliability of scientific knowledge. The tensions between competing paradigms, different bodies of knowledge and the relative hierarchies between them are a crucial element of the historical and contemporary dynamics of scientific knowledge production. The negotiation of evidence is at the heart of this process. Starting from the premise that evidence constitutes a central, but also essentially contested concept in contemporary knowledge-based societies, this volume focuses on how evidence is generated and applied in practice—in other words, on “evidence in action.” The contributions analyze and compare different evidence practices within the field of science and technology, how they interlink with different forms of power, their interaction with and impact on the legal and political domain, and their relationship to other, more heterodox forms of evidence that challenge traditional notions of evidence. In doing so, this volume provides much-needed context and historical background to contemporary debates on the so-called “post-truth” society. Evidence in Action is the perfect resource for all those interested in the relationship between science, technology, and the role of knowledge in society. Chapter 6 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.
Evidence Contestation
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Author : Karin Zachmann
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-02-21
Evidence Contestation written by Karin Zachmann and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-02-21 with Science categories.
This book examines the practices of contesting evidence in democratically constituted knowledge societies. It provides a multifaceted view of the processes and conditions of evidence criticism and how they determine the dynamics of de- and re-stabilization of evidence. Evidence is an essential resource for establishing claims of validity, resolving conflicts, and legitimizing decisions. In recent times, however, evidence is being contested with increasing frequency. Such contestations vary in form and severity – from questioning the interpretation of data or the methodological soundness of studies to accusations of evidence fabrication. The contributors to this volume explore which actors, for what reasons and to what effect, question evidence in fields such as the biological, environmental and health sciences. In addition to actors inside academia, they examine the roles of various other players, including citizen scientists, counter-experts, journalists, patients, consumers and activists. The contributors tackle questions of how disagreements are framed and how they are used to promote vested interests. By drawing on methodological and theoretical approaches from a wide range of fields, this book provides a much-needed perspective on how evidence criticism influences the development and state of knowledge societies and their political condition. Evidence Contestation will appeal to scholars and advanced students working in philosophy of science, epistemology, bioethics, science and technology studies, the history of science and technology and science communication.
Empires Of The Dead
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Author : Christopher Heaney
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2023
Empires Of The Dead written by Christopher Heaney and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with History categories.
This book explains why Inca mummies and "ancient Peruvian" skulls filled museums around the world, from 1532 to the present, and why they tell us more about the colonial violence of science than their more famous Egyptian cousins.
Environmental Health Risks
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Author : Friedo Zölzer
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-09-21
Environmental Health Risks written by Friedo Zölzer and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-21 with Business & Economics categories.
Environmental health involves the assessment and control of environmental factors that can potentially affect human health, such as radiation, toxic chemicals and other hazardous agents. It is less commonly understood that environmental health also requires addressing questions of an ethical nature. Bringing together work from experts across a range of sub-disciplines of environmental health, this collection of essays discusses the ethical implications of environmental health research and its application, presented at the 3rd International Symposium on Ethics of Environmental Health held in August 2016 in the Czech Republic. In doing so, it builds upon the insights and ideas put forward in the first volume of Ethics of Environmental Health, published by Routledge in early 2017. This volume will be of great interest to students and scholars of environmental health, applied ethics, environmental ethics, medical ethics and bioethics, as well as those concerned with public health, environmental studies, toxicology and radiation.
Institutional And Social Innovation For Sustainable Urban Development
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Author : Harald A. Mieg
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-08-22
Institutional And Social Innovation For Sustainable Urban Development written by Harald A. Mieg and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-22 with Business & Economics categories.
Which new institutions do we need in order to trigger local- and global sustainable urban development? Are cities the right starting points for implementing sustainability policies? If so, what are the implications for city management? This book reflects the situation of cities in the context of global change and increasing demands for sustainable development. The book introduces core findings, new methods, and international experience related to sustainability innovations and the social transformation of cities, synthesizing insights from megacity research, sustainability science, and urban planning. Written by a team of more than fifty leading researchers and practitioners from all five continents, it traces general urban transformations and introduces new approaches such as: smart growth strategies; cross-sectoral, transdisciplinary urban transition management; rubanisation; and city syntegration. The book reveals the potential of new, networked agencies of sustainability transformation, and discusses the role of science institutions in the diffusion and implementation of institutional and social innovations. This comprehensive book is of immense value to students, researchers, and professionals working on issues of sustainable development, in environmental programs in human geography, planning and the built environment, sociology and policy studies, institutional economics, and environmental politics.
Evidence Based And Knowledge Based Social Work
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Author : Inge M. Bryderup
language : en
Publisher: Aarhus Universitetsforlag
Release Date : 2008-12-01
Evidence Based And Knowledge Based Social Work written by Inge M. Bryderup and has been published by Aarhus Universitetsforlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-01 with Social Science categories.
Policymakers in welfare democracies throughout the world are raising questions as to whether welfare systems deliver what the public expects, and focus attention on increasing costs. Social workers need more evidence and knowledge about an increasing diversity of social work practices. Users of social welfare are increasingly individualized and made responsible for choosing and delivering their own service through contracts and this makes politicians, social workers and users more interested in evidence and knowledge about social services, even though these interests are often conflicting. These tendencies might be part of the reasons why the evaluation of social work practice seems to be characterized at present by a variety and diversity of research methods, approaches and theories.
Science Literacy
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2016-10-14
Science Literacy written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-14 with Education categories.
Science is a way of knowing about the world. At once a process, a product, and an institution, science enables people to both engage in the construction of new knowledge as well as use information to achieve desired ends. Access to scienceâ€"whether using knowledge or creating itâ€"necessitates some level of familiarity with the enterprise and practice of science: we refer to this as science literacy. Science literacy is desirable not only for individuals, but also for the health and well- being of communities and society. More than just basic knowledge of science facts, contemporary definitions of science literacy have expanded to include understandings of scientific processes and practices, familiarity with how science and scientists work, a capacity to weigh and evaluate the products of science, and an ability to engage in civic decisions about the value of science. Although science literacy has traditionally been seen as the responsibility of individuals, individuals are nested within communities that are nested within societiesâ€"and, as a result, individual science literacy is limited or enhanced by the circumstances of that nesting. Science Literacy studies the role of science literacy in public support of science. This report synthesizes the available research literature on science literacy, makes recommendations on the need to improve the understanding of science and scientific research in the United States, and considers the relationship between scientific literacy and support for and use of science and research.
The Oxford Handbook Of Causal Reasoning
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Author : Michael Waldmann
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2017-03-30
The Oxford Handbook Of Causal Reasoning written by Michael Waldmann and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-30 with Psychology categories.
Causal reasoning is one of our most central cognitive competencies, enabling us to adapt to our world. Causal knowledge allows us to predict future events, or diagnose the causes of observed facts. We plan actions and solve problems using knowledge about cause-effect relations. Although causal reasoning is a component of most of our cognitive functions, it has been neglected in cognitive psychology for many decades. The Oxford Handbook of Causal Reasoning offers a state-of-the-art review of the growing field, and its contribution to the world of cognitive science. The Handbook begins with an introduction of competing theories of causal learning and reasoning. In the next section, it presents research about basic cognitive functions involved in causal cognition, such as perception, categorization, argumentation, decision-making, and induction. The following section examines research on domains that embody causal relations, including intuitive physics, legal and moral reasoning, psychopathology, language, social cognition, and the roles of space and time. The final section presents research from neighboring fields that study developmental, phylogenetic, and cultural differences in causal cognition. The chapters, each written by renowned researchers in their field, fill in the gaps of many cognitive psychology textbooks, emphasizing the crucial role of causal structures in our everyday lives. This Handbook is an essential read for students and researchers of the cognitive sciences, including cognitive, developmental, social, comparative, and cross-cultural psychology; philosophy; methodology; statistics; artificial intelligence; and machine learning.
Learning Science In Out Of School Settings
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Author : Nancy Longnecker
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-09-05
Learning Science In Out Of School Settings written by Nancy Longnecker and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-05 with Science categories.
From Chaos To Clarity
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Author : James Eagle
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2025-07-08
From Chaos To Clarity written by James Eagle and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-07-08 with Computers categories.
A radical wake up call for world overloaded with data and how data visualisation could be the answer In From Chaos to Clarity: How Data Visualisation Can Save the World, celebrated data visualisation creator James Eagle reveals how our data-saturated age harbours hidden dangers that places humanity in peril. He looks at how masterful visual storytelling might be our salvation. Through vivid examples and profound insights, James Eagle exposes the data pollution clouding modern life, whilst demonstrating how thoughtful, human-centred data visuals can cut through the noise, sharpen our collective understanding and light the path toward a more discerning future. Inside the book: How to unlock the human side of data visualisation by using empathy and storytelling Understanding our brain's deep connection to pictures and stories, and why this matters in this digital age Ways data visualisation can restore our human understanding of this world and tackle misinformation This is a must-read urgent message on how data visualisation is needed to confront data overload and misuse. From Chaos to Clarity is perfect for professionals in finance, engineering, science, mathematics and health, as well as journalists, writers, data scientists, and anyone interested in visual storytelling, reclaiming truth and sharpening our collective thinking to tackling some of the biggest challenges we face in this world.