Evolution Of Life Histories
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Evolution Of Life Histories
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Author : Derek Roff
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1993-04-30
Evolution Of Life Histories written by Derek Roff and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993-04-30 with Science categories.
There are many different types of organisms in the world: they differ in size, physiology, appearance, and life history. The challenge for evolutionary biology is to explain how such diversity arises. The Evolution of Life Histories does this by showing that natural selection is the principal underlying force molding life history variation. The book describes in particular the ways in which variation can be analyzed and predicted. It covers both the genetic and optimization approaches to life history analysis and gives an overview of the general framework of life history theory and the mathematical tools by which predictions can be made and tested. Factors affecting the age schedule of birth and death and the costs of reproduction are discussed. The Evolution of Life Histories concentrates on those theoretical developments that have been tested experimentally. It will interest both students and professionals in evolution, evolutionary ecology, mathematical and theoretical biology, and zoology and entomology.
Evolution And Genetics Of Life Histories
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Author : Hugh Dingle
language : de
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Release Date : 2013-09-03
Evolution And Genetics Of Life Histories written by Hugh Dingle and has been published by Springer-Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-03 with Science categories.
The Evolution Of Life Histories
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Author : Stephen C. Stearns
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
The Evolution Of Life Histories written by Stephen C. Stearns and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
A Primer Of Life Histories
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Author : Jeffrey A. Hutchings
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021-09-15
A Primer Of Life Histories written by Jeffrey A. Hutchings and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-15 with Science categories.
Life histories can be defined as the means by which individuals (or more precisely genotypes) vary their age- or stage-specific expenditures of reproductive effort in response to genetic, phenotypic, and environmental correlates of survival and fecundity. Life histories reflect the expression of traits most closely related to individual fitness, such as age and size at maturity, number and size of offspring, and the timing of the expression of those traits throughout an individual's life. In addition to addressing questions of fundamental importance to ecology and evolution, life-history research plays an integral role in species conservation and management. This accessible primer encompasses the basic concepts, theories, and applied elements of life history evolution, including patterns of trait variability, underlying mechanisms of plastic/evolutionary change, and the practical utility of life-history traits as metrics of species/population recovery, sustainable exploitation, and risk of extinction. Empirical examples are drawn from the entire spectrum of life. A Primer of Life Histories is designed for readers from a broad range of academic backgrounds and experience including graduate students and researchers of ecology and evolutionary biology. It will also be useful to a more applied audience of academic/government researchers in fields such as wildlife biology, conservation biology, fisheries science, and the environmental sciences.
Life History Evolution
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Author : Derek A. Roff
language : en
Publisher: Sinauer Associates Incorporated
Release Date : 2002
Life History Evolution written by Derek A. Roff and has been published by Sinauer Associates Incorporated this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Science categories.
Life History Evolution represents a synthetic approach to the understanding of the evolution of life history variation using the three types of environment (constant, stochastic, predictable) as the focus under which the theory is developed and tested. First, the author outlines a general framework for the study and analysis of life history variation, bringing together the approaches of quantitative genetic modeling and optimality analysis. Using this framework, he then discusses how life histories evolve in the three different types of environments, each of which presents unique characteristics. The theme of the book is that an understanding of evolutionary change requires analysis at both the genetic and phenotypic levels, and that the environment plays a central role in such analyses. Intended for graduate students and researchers, the book's emphasis is on assumptions and testing of models. Mathematical processes are described, but mathematical derivations are kept to a minimum. Each chapter includes a summary, and boxes provide supplementary material.
Evolution And Genetics In Life Histories
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Author : Hugh Dingle
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-07-11
Evolution And Genetics In Life Histories written by Hugh Dingle and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-11 with Science categories.
This volume is the result of a symposium entitled "Variation in Life Histories: Genetics and Evolutionary Processes" sponsored by the Program in Evolutionary Ecology and Behavior of the University of Iowa and held in Iowa City on October 13 and 14, 1980. Prompted by a recent upsurge of interest in the evolution of life histories, we chose this topic because of the obvious association between life history traits and Darwinian fit ness. If such an association were to be fruitfully investigated, it would require the closer cooperation of population and evolutionary ecologists and quantitative and population geneticists. To encourage such an association, our symposium had four major aims: first, to facilitate intellectual exchange across disciplines among an array of biologists studying life histories; second, to encourage exploration of genetic variance and covari ance for life history traits; third, to consider the ecological background for genetic vari ability; and finally, to facilitate a comparative overview both within and among species. Obviously such broad aims cannot be met totally in a single volume, but we think we have succeeded reasonably well in providing a representative and nourishing intel lectual feast. We see this book as a stimulus to the coordination of future efforts in an important and expanding area of inquiry. We have divided the book into six sections.
Mechanisms Of Life History Evolution
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Author : Thomas Flatt
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2011-05-12
Mechanisms Of Life History Evolution written by Thomas Flatt and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-12 with Science categories.
Life history theory seeks to explain the evolution of the major features of life cycles by analyzing the ecological factors that shape age-specific schedules of growth, reproduction, and survival and by investigating the trade-offs that constrain the evolution of these traits. Although life history theory has made enormous progress in explaining the diversity of life history strategies among species, it traditionally ignores the underlying proximate mechanisms. This novel book argues that many fundamental problems in life history evolution, including the nature of trade-offs, can only be fully resolved if we begin to integrate information on developmental, physiological, and genetic mechanisms into the classical life history framework. Each chapter is written by an established or up-and-coming leader in their respective field; they not only represent the state of the art but also offer fresh perspectives for future research. The text is divided into 7 sections that cover basic concepts (Part 1), the mechanisms that affect different parts of the life cycle (growth, development, and maturation; reproduction; and aging and somatic maintenance) (Parts 2-4), life history plasticity (Part 5), life history integration and trade-offs (Part 6), and concludes with a synthesis chapter written by a prominent leader in the field and an editorial postscript (Part 7).
Life History Evolution In Plants
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Author : Timo Olavi Vuorisalo
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2001-11-30
Life History Evolution In Plants written by Timo Olavi Vuorisalo and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-11-30 with Medical categories.
"The lack of discussion of the life histories of modular organisms is the weakness of this book that I most regret. . . . Modular organisms are different. " S. C. Steams: The Evolution of Life Histories (1992) Life-history theory endeavours to increase our understanding of the processe,s whereby the broad features of the life cycles of organisms, such as the timing and magnitude of reproduction, have evolved. Although reproductive traits have dominated as study objects due to their immediate importance for evolutionary success, much work has also been conducted on patterns of development, growth and senescence, as well as on the shifts in resource allocation related to these processes. The basic axiom of life-history theory is that patterns of life histories, such as reproductive traits, are subject to evolutionary explanation. This idea can be traced back at least as far as Darwin's Origin of Species (1859). In his discussion of plant domestication, Darwin wrote: "I cannot doubt that the continued selection of slight variations, either in the leaves, the flowers, or the fruit, will produce races differing from each other chiefly in these characters". Darwin was impressed by the success of plant breeders in moulding the growth and reproductive parameters of cultivated plants, and believed that natural selection could have a similar impact in natural populations.
A New History Of Life
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Author : Peter Ward
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2015-04-14
A New History Of Life written by Peter Ward and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-14 with Science categories.
An estimated 4.6 billion years ago, the Earth and Moon were formed in a violent impact. On this, many agree, and even more that a long time after that, life began. However, few know that the first life on the Earth may not have emerged on this planet, but could, in fact, have begun on Mars, brought here by meteorites. In this revolutionary book, leading scientists Peter Ward and Joe Kirschvink rewrite the principal account of the history of life on Earth. They show not only how the rise of animals was delayed for billions of years, but also what it was that first forced fish out of the sea and onto the land. Together, the two scientists explain how developments in the environment led to multiple Ice Ages before the emergence of dinosaurs and other giant animals, and what the true cause of these great beasts' eventual extinction was. Finally, charting the course of our own evolution, they explore whether this generation will see the end of the human species. A New History of Life proves not only that much of what we think we know should be unlearned, but also that the true history of life on Earth is much more surprising and wonderful than we could ever have imagined.
The Evolution Of Life Histories
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Author : Stephen C. Stearns
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
The Evolution Of Life Histories written by Stephen C. Stearns and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with categories.