Evolutionary Dynamics Of A Natural Population

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Evolutionary Dynamics Of A Natural Population

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Author : B. Rosemary Grant
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 1989-11-14

Evolutionary Dynamics Of A Natural Population written by B. Rosemary Grant and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989-11-14 with Nature categories.

The result of one of the most detailed and careful examinations of the behavior and ecology of a vertebrate ever conducted in the wild, this study addresses one of the major questions in evolutionary biology: why do some populations vary so much in morphological, ecological, behavioral, and physiological traits? By documenting the full range of variation within one population of a species and investigating the causal factors, Rosemary and Peter Grant provide impressive evidence that species are capable of evolutionary change within observable periods of time. Among the most dramatic examples of recent speciation and adaptive diversification are Darwin's Finches, which live in the Galápagos Islands. Darwin theorized that these closely related birds had evolved from a common ancestor to fill the available ecological niches on this remote archipelago. Not only have they evolved into thirteen species, but more recent study has shown that many of them exhibit striking variation in beak structure and other traits. For more than a decade, the Grants have studied one of these species, the large cactus finch, on the isolated Isla Genovesa. They present information on the environment and demographic features of the population, then discuss the range of genetic, ecological, and behavioral factors responsible for the unusually large morphological variation. They place the large cactus finch in its community setting to better understand its evolution and conclude by discussing the implications of the study for the genetic structure of small populations and the problems of conserving them. They illustrate their findings with an array of drawings, tables, and photographs.

Eco Evolutionary Dynamics

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Author : Andrew P. Hendry
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2016-11-22

Eco Evolutionary Dynamics written by Andrew P. Hendry and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-11-22 with Science categories.

In recent years, scientists have realized that evolution can occur on timescales much shorter than the "long lapse of ages" emphasized by Darwin—in fact, evolutionary change is occurring all around us all the time. This book provides an authoritative and accessible introduction to eco-evolutionary dynamics, a cutting-edge new field that seeks to unify evolution and ecology into a common conceptual framework focusing on rapid and dynamic environmental and evolutionary change. Andrew Hendry covers key aspects of evolution, ecology, and their interactions. Topics range from natural selection, adaptive divergence, ecological speciation, and gene flow to population and community dynamics, ecosystem function, plasticity, and genomics. Hendry evaluates conceptual and methodological approaches, and draws on empirical data from natural populations—including those in human-disturbed environments—to tackle a number of classic and emerging research questions. He also discusses exciting new directions for future research at the intersection of ecology and evolution. An invaluable guide for students and researchers alike, Eco-evolutionary Dynamics reveals how evolution and ecology interact strongly on short timescales to shape the world we see around us.

Evolutionary Games And Population Dynamics

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Author : Josef Hofbauer
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1998-05-28

Evolutionary Games And Population Dynamics written by Josef Hofbauer and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-05-28 with Mathematics categories.

Every form of behaviour is shaped by trial and error. Such stepwise adaptation can occur through individual learning or through natural selection, the basis of evolution. Since the work of Maynard Smith and others, it has been realised how game theory can model this process. Evolutionary game theory replaces the static solutions of classical game theory by a dynamical approach centred not on the concept of rational players but on the population dynamics of behavioural programmes. In this book the authors investigate the nonlinear dynamics of the self-regulation of social and economic behaviour, and of the closely related interactions between species in ecological communities. Replicator equations describe how successful strategies spread and thereby create new conditions which can alter the basis of their success, i.e. to enable us to understand the strategic and genetic foundations of the endless chronicle of invasions and extinctions which punctuate evolution. In short, evolutionary game theory describes when to escalate a conflict, how to elicit cooperation, why to expect a balance of the sexes, and how to understand natural selection in mathematical terms.

Evolutionary Dynamics

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Author : Martin A. Nowak
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2006-09-29

Evolutionary Dynamics written by Martin A. Nowak and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-09-29 with Science categories.

Evolution is the one theory that transcends all of biology. Nowak draws on the languages of biology and mathematics to outline the mathematical principles according to which life evolves. His book makes a case for understanding every living system—and everything that arises as a consequence of living systems—in terms of evolutionary dynamics.

Darwinian Populations And Natural Selection

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Author : Peter Godfrey-Smith
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2009-03-26

Darwinian Populations And Natural Selection written by Peter Godfrey-Smith and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-03-26 with Philosophy categories.

In 1859 Darwin described a deceptively simple mechanism that he called "natural selection," a combination of variation, inheritance, and reproductive success. He argued that this mechanism was the key to explaining the most puzzling features of the natural world, and science and philosophy were changed forever as a result. The exact nature of the Darwinian process has been controversial ever since, however. Godfrey-Smith draws on new developments in biology, philosophy of science, and other fields to give a new analysis and extension of Darwin's idea. The central concept used is that of a "Darwinian population," a collection of things with the capacity to undergo change by natural selection. From this starting point, new analyses of the role of genes in evolution, the application of Darwinian ideas to cultural change, and "evolutionary transitions" that produce complex organisms and societies are developed. Darwinian Populations and Natural Selection will be essential reading for anyone interested in evolutionary theory

Analytical Population Dynamics

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Author : T. Royama
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Analytical Population Dynamics written by T. Royama and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.

A knowledge of animal population dynamics is essential for the proper management of natural resources and the environment. This book, now available in paperback, develops basic concepts and a rigorous methodology for the analysis of animal population dynamics to identify the underlying mechanisms.

Population Dynamics In Variable Environments

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Author : Shripad Tuljapurkar
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-04-17

Population Dynamics In Variable Environments written by Shripad Tuljapurkar and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-17 with Science categories.

Demography relates observable facts about individuals to the dynamics of populations. If the dynamics are linear and do not change over time, the classical theory of Lotka (1907) and Leslie (1945) is the central tool of demography. This book addresses the situation when the assumption of constancy is dropped. In many practical situations, a population will display unpredictable variation over time in its vital rates, which must then be described in statistical terms. Most of this book is concerned with the theory of populations which are subject to random temporal changes in their vital rates, although other kinds of variation (e. g. , cyclical) are also dealt with. The central questions are: how does temporal variation work its way into a population's future, and how does it affect our interpretation of a population's past. The results here are directed at demographers of humans and at popula tion biologists. The uneven mathematical level is dictated by the material, but the book should be accessible to readers interested in population the ory. (Readers looking for background or prerequisites will find much of it in Hal Caswell's Matrix population models: construction, analysis, and in terpretation (Sinauer 1989) ). This book is in essence a progress report and is deliberately brief; I hope that it is not mystifying. I have not attempted to be complete about either the history or the subject, although most sig nificant results and methods are presented.

Evolutionary Dynamics Of Plant Pathogen Interactions

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Author : Jeremy J. Burdon
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-01-31

Evolutionary Dynamics Of Plant Pathogen Interactions written by Jeremy J. Burdon and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-31 with Science categories.

A broad view of plant-pathogen interactions illustrating the fundamental reciprocal role pathogens and hosts play in shaping each other's ecology and evolution.

Evolutionary Community Ecology

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Author : Mark A. McPeek
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2017-08-29

Evolutionary Community Ecology written by Mark A. McPeek and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-29 with Science categories.

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- 1. Ecological Opportunities, Communities, and Evolution -- 2. The Community of Ecological Opportunities -- 3. Evolving in the Community -- 4. New Species for the Community -- 5. Differentiating in the Community -- 6. Moving among Communities -- 7. Which Ways Forward? -- Literature Cited -- Index

Game Theoretical Models In Biology

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Author : Mark Broom
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2013-03-27

Game Theoretical Models In Biology written by Mark Broom and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-27 with Mathematics categories.

Covering the major topics of evolutionary game theory, Game-Theoretical Models in Biology presents both abstract and practical mathematical models of real biological situations. It discusses the static aspects of game theory in a mathematically rigorous way that is appealing to mathematicians. In addition, the authors explore many applications of game theory to biology, making the text useful to biologists as well. The book describes a wide range of topics in evolutionary games, including matrix games, replicator dynamics, the hawk-dove game, and the prisoner’s dilemma. It covers the evolutionarily stable strategy, a key concept in biological games, and offers in-depth details of the mathematical models. Most chapters illustrate how to use MATLAB® to solve various games. Important biological phenomena, such as the sex ratio of so many species being close to a half, the evolution of cooperative behavior, and the existence of adornments (for example, the peacock’s tail), have been explained using ideas underpinned by game theoretical modeling. Suitable for readers studying and working at the interface of mathematics and the life sciences, this book shows how evolutionary game theory is used in the modeling of these diverse biological phenomena.