Evolutionary Innovations
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The Origins Of Evolutionary Innovations
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Author : Andreas Wagner
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2011-07-14
The Origins Of Evolutionary Innovations written by Andreas Wagner and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-07-14 with Science categories.
The history of life is a nearly four billion year old story of transformative change. This change ranges from dramatic macroscopic innovations such as the evolution of wings or eyes, to a myriad of molecular changes that form the basis of macroscopic innovations. We are familiar with many examples of innovations (qualitatively new phenotypes that provide a critical benefit) but have no systematic understanding of the principles that allow organisms to innovate. This book proposes several such principles as the basis of a theory of innovation, integrating recent knowledge about complex molecular phenotypes with more traditional Darwinian thinking. Central to the book are genotype networks: vast sets of connected genotypes that exist in metabolism and regulatory circuitry, as well as in protein and RNA molecules. The theory can successfully unify innovations that occur at different levels of organization. It captures known features of biological innovation, including the fact that many innovations occur multiple times independently, and that they combine existing parts of a system to new purposes. It also argues that environmental change is important to create biological systems that are both complex and robust, and shows how such robustness can facilitate innovation. Beyond that, the theory can reconcile neutralism and selectionism, as well as explain the role of phenotypic plasticity, gene duplication, recombination, and cryptic variation in innovation. Finally, its principles can be applied to technological innovation, and thus open to human engineering endeavours the powerful principles that have allowed life's spectacular success.
Evolutionary Innovations
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Author : Matthew H. Nitecki
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 1990-07-14
Evolutionary Innovations written by Matthew H. Nitecki and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990-07-14 with Science categories.
Evolutionary innovations—the bony skeleton of vertebrates, avian flight, or the insect pollination system of angiosperms, for example—have in recent years become the focus of much fertile new research in evolutionary biology. Innovations may hold the keys to understanding why whole new groups of organisms evolve or, conversely, why groups of organisms become extinct. This volume brings together contributors from the fields of morphology, genetics, embryology, physiology, and paleontology to present research on evolutionary innovations and to suggest directions for further work. The topics covered include the plurality of evolutionary innovations, patterns and processes at different hierarchical levels, evolutionary genetics of adaptations, heterochrony and other mechanisms of radical evolutionary change in early development, developmental mechanisms at the origin of morphological novelty, the evolution of morphological variation patterns, functional design and its punctuated products, plausibility and testability in assessing the consequences of evolutionary innovations, paradigms and pitfalls of studying physiological evolution, polyphyletic constructional breakthroughs in fossil and extant species, ecology of evolutionary innovations in the fossil record.
Symbiosis As A Source Of Evolutionary Innovation
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Author : Lynn Margulis
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 1991
Symbiosis As A Source Of Evolutionary Innovation written by Lynn Margulis and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Science categories.
These original contributions by symbiosis biologists and evolutionary theorists address the adequacy of the prevailing neo-Darwinian concept of evolution in the light of growing evidence that hereditary symbiosis, supplemented by the gradual accumulation of heritable mutation, results in the origin of new species and morphological novelty.A departure from mainstream biology, the idea of symbiosis--as in the genetic and metabolic interactions of the bacterial communities that became the earliest eukaryotes and eventually evolved into plants and animals--has attracted the attention of a growing number of scientists.These original contributions by symbiosis biologists and evolutionary theorists address the adequacy of the prevailing neo-Darwinian concept of evolution in the light of growing evidence that hereditary symbiosis, supplemented by the gradual accumulation of heritable mutation, results in the origin of new species and morphological novelty. They include reports of current research on the evolutionary consequences of symbiosis, the protracted physical association between organisms of different species. Among the issues considered are individuality and evolution, microbial symbioses, animal-bacterial symbioses, and the importance of symbiosis in cell evolution, ecology, and morphogenesis. Lynn Margulis, Distinguished Professor of Botany at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, is the modern originator of the symbiotic theory of cell evolution. Once considered heresy, her ideas are now part of the microbiological revolution. ContributorsPeter Atsatt, Richard C. Back, David Bermudes, Paola Bonfante-Fasolo, René Fester, Lynda J. Goff, Anne-Marie Grenier, Ricardo Guerrero, Robert H. Haynes, Rosmarie Honegger, Gregory Hinkle, Kwang W. Jeon, Bryce Kendrick, Richard Law, David Lewis, Lynn Margulis, John Maynard Smith, Margaret J. McFall-Ngai, Paul Nardon, Kenneth H. Nealson, Kris Pirozynski, Peter W. Price, Mary Beth Saffo, Jan Sapp, Silvano Scannerini, Werner Schwemmler, Sorin Sonea, Toomas H. Tiivel, Robert K. Trench, Russell Vetter
New Developments In Evolutionary Innovation
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Author : Gino Cattani
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021
New Developments In Evolutionary Innovation written by Gino Cattani and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Business & Economics categories.
Evolutionary thinking has had a profound impact on theories of technological innovation and strategy. This volume explores how significant advancements made in evolutionary biology since the 1970s influence evolutionary approaches to these areas, with an emphasis on the role of serendipity and unprestateability in innovation and novelty creation.
Evolutionary Innovations
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Author : Maureen D. McKelvey
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Evolutionary Innovations written by Maureen D. McKelvey and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Business & Economics categories.
This is a study of the commercial development of biotechnology which compares the initiatives, activities and organization of two firms--Genetech in the United States and Kabi in Sweden--as they brought knowledge to the market in the form of insulin and the human growth hormone. Writing from a broad evolutionary perspective, Maureen McKelvey's important study of one of the most modern science-based technologies will be of interest to all concerned with understanding the processes of innovation.
Evolutionary Innovations
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Author : Maureen D. McKelvey
language : en
Publisher: Turtleback
Release Date : 2000-01-01
Evolutionary Innovations written by Maureen D. McKelvey and has been published by Turtleback this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
This is a study of the commercial development of biotechnology that compares the initiatives, activities and organization of two firms--Genentech in the United States and Kabi in Sweden--as they brought knowledge to the market in the form of insulin and the human growth hormone. Writing from abroad evolutionary perspective, Maureen McKelvey's important study of one of the most modern science-based technologies will be of interest to all concerned with understanding the processes of innovation.
Homology Genes And Evolutionary Innovation
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Author : Günter P. Wagner
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2018-07-10
Homology Genes And Evolutionary Innovation written by Günter P. Wagner and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-10 with Science categories.
A major synthesis of homology, written by a top researcher in the field Homology—a similar trait shared by different species and derived from common ancestry, such as a seal's fin and a bird’s wing—is one of the most fundamental yet challenging concepts in evolutionary biology. This groundbreaking book provides the first mechanistically based theory of what homology is and how it arises in evolution. Günter Wagner, one of the preeminent researchers in the field, argues that homology, or character identity, can be explained through the historical continuity of character identity networks—that is, the gene regulatory networks that enable differential gene expression. He shows how character identity is independent of the form and function of the character itself because the same network can activate different effector genes and thus control the development of different shapes, sizes, and qualities of the character. Demonstrating how this theoretical model can provide a foundation for understanding the evolutionary origin of novel characters, Wagner applies it to the origin and evolution of specific systems, such as cell types; skin, hair, and feathers; limbs and digits; and flowers. The first major synthesis of homology to be published in decades, Homology, Genes, and Evolutionary Innovation reveals how a mechanistically based theory can serve as a unifying concept for any branch of science concerned with the structure and development of organisms, and how it can help explain major transitions in evolution and broad patterns of biological diversity.
The Evolution Of Complexity
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Author : Larry Bull
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-01-28
The Evolution Of Complexity written by Larry Bull and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book gathers together much of the author’s work – both old and new - to explore a number of the key increases in complexity seen in the natural world, seeking to explain each of them purely in terms of the features of fitness landscapes. In a very straightforward manner, the book introduces basic concepts to help readers follow the main ideas. By using variations of the NK model and including the concept of the Baldwin effect, the author presents new abstract models that are able to explain why sources of evolutionary innovation (genomes, symbiosis, sex, chromosomes, multicellularity) have been selected for and hence how complexity has increased over time in some lineages.
Technological Innovation As An Evolutionary Process
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Author : John M. Ziman
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003-09-18
Technological Innovation As An Evolutionary Process written by John M. Ziman and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-09-18 with Science categories.
Ground-breaking yet non-technical analysis of the analogy that technological artefacts 'evolve' like biological organisms.
The Evolutionary Complexity Of Endogenous Innovation
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Author : Cristiano Antonelli
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2018
The Evolutionary Complexity Of Endogenous Innovation written by Cristiano Antonelli and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
The notion of endogenous innovation as the outcome of the creative response of firms to out-of-equilibrium conditions is the cornerstone of the new evolutionary complexity. This book elaborates and applies the theoretical framework established in the author’s previous work Endogenous Innovation: The Economics of an Emergent System Property. This volume carefully explores the role of the reactivity of firms to out-of-equilibrium conditions. It also examines the quality of knowledge governance mechanisms in assessing the levels of externalities that define the likelihood of creative responses, as an alternative to adaptive responses.