Evolutionism In Eighteenth Century French Thought
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Evolutionism In Eighteenth Century French Thought
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Author : Mary Efrosini Gregory
language : en
Publisher: Peter Lang
Release Date : 2008
Evolutionism In Eighteenth Century French Thought written by Mary Efrosini Gregory and has been published by Peter Lang this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Evolution categories.
This book examines how eight eighteenth-century French theorists - Maillet, Montesquieu, La Mettrie, Buffon, Maupertuis, Diderot, Rousseau, and Voltaire - addressed evolutionism. Each thinker laid down a building block that would eventually open the door to the mutability of species and a departure from the long-held belief that the chain of beings is fixed. This book describes how the philosophes established a triune relationship among contemporary scientific discoveries, random creationism propelled by the motive and conscious properties of matter, and the notion of the chain of being, along with its corollaries, plenitude and continuity. Also addressed is the contemporary debate over whether apes could ever be taught to speak as well as the issue of race and the family of man.
Freedom In French Enlightenment Thought
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Author : Mary Efrosini Gregory
language : en
Publisher: Peter Lang
Release Date : 2010
Freedom In French Enlightenment Thought written by Mary Efrosini Gregory and has been published by Peter Lang this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Philosophy, French categories.
Freedom in French Enlightenment Thought examines how five eighteenth-century French theorists - Montesquieu, Diderot, Rousseau, Voltaire, and Condorcet - kindled the flame of freedom in America and France. Each thinker laid down a building block that would eventually inspire the language in constitutions around the world. They held that citizens have certain inalienable rights that are dictated by natural law and endowed to all by our Creator; that these rights include equality before the law, justice, safety and security of persons and property, and freedom of speech, press, assembly, and religion. Montesquieu recommended three separate branches of government that function independently of each other. Diderot held that there is no true sovereign, except the nation; that there is no true legislator, except the people. Rousseau advised that the individual will must be subordinate to the general will and private interest to that of the community: he warned against legislators who act from their own financial interests and enact laws to aggrandize themselves. Voltaire believed that selfishness, greed, and the desire for luxury are not only part of human nature, but that they compel people to achieve, trade with others, search, explore, and invent: the passions are the engine that makes capitalism run and that stimulate all human endeavor. Condorcet, a champion of civil rights, boldly proclaimed equality for women, blacks, and the poor. The philosophes held that free and universal public education will permit more citizens to participate in the progress of the arts and sciences and will improve the standard of living among all strata of society. An unrestrained press permits citizens to make informed decisions. Their polemics have indeed changed the face of the world.
The Life Sciences In Eighteenth Century French Thought
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 1998-03
The Life Sciences In Eighteenth Century French Thought written by and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-03 with Science categories.
Available for the first time in English, Roger's masterwork of intellectual history situates the life sciences within the larger context of French Enlightenment thought and the history of institutions.
Darwin S Ghosts
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Author : Rebecca Stott
language : en
Publisher: Random House
Release Date : 2012-06-12
Darwin S Ghosts written by Rebecca Stott and has been published by Random House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-12 with Science categories.
A NEW YORK TIMES NOTABLE BOOK “[An] extraordinarily wide-ranging and engaging book [about] the men who shaped the work of Charles Darwin . . . a book that enriches our understanding of how the struggle to think new thoughts is shared across time and space and people.”—The Sunday Telegraph (London) Christmas, 1859. Just one month after the publication of On the Origin of Species, Charles Darwin received an unsettling letter. He had expected criticism; in fact, letters were arriving daily, most expressing outrage and accusations of heresy. But this letter was different. It accused him of failing to acknowledge his predecessors, of taking credit for a theory that had already been discovered by others. Darwin realized that he had made an error in omitting from Origin of Species any mention of his intellectual forebears. Yet when he tried to trace all of the natural philosophers who had laid the groundwork for his theory, he found that history had already forgotten many of them. Darwin’s Ghosts tells the story of the collective discovery of evolution, from Aristotle, walking the shores of Lesbos with his pupils, to Al-Jahiz, an Arab writer in the first century, from Leonardo da Vinci, searching for fossils in the mine shafts of the Tuscan hills, to Denis Diderot in Paris, exploring the origins of species while under the surveillance of the secret police, and the brilliant naturalists of the Jardin de Plantes, finding evidence for evolutionary change in the natural history collections stolen during the Napoleonic wars. Evolution was not discovered single-handedly, Rebecca Stott argues, contrary to what has become standard lore, but is an idea that emerged over many centuries, advanced by daring individuals across the globe who had the imagination to speculate on nature’s extraordinary ways, and who had the courage to articulate such speculations at a time when to do so was often considered heresy. With each chapter focusing on an early evolutionary thinker, Darwin’s Ghosts is a fascinating account of a diverse group of individuals who, despite the very real dangers of challenging a system in which everything was presumed to have been created perfectly by God, felt compelled to understand where we came from. Ultimately, Stott demonstrates, ideas—including evolution itself—evolve just as animals and plants do, by intermingling, toppling weaker notions, and developing over stretches of time. Darwin’s Ghosts presents a groundbreaking new theory of an idea that has changed our very understanding of who we are. Praise for Darwin’s Ghosts “Absorbing . . . Stott captures the breathless excitement of an investigation on the cusp of the unknown. . . . A lively, original book.”—The New York Times Book Review “Stott’s research is broad and unerring; her book is wonderful. . . . An exhilarating romp through 2,000 years of fascinating scientific history.”—Nature “Stott brings Darwin himself to life. . . . [She] writes with a novelist’s flair. . . . Darwin and the ‘ghosts’ so richly described in Ms. Stott’s enjoyable book are the descendants of Aristotle and Bacon and the ancestors of today’s scientists.”—The Wall Street Journal “Riveting . . . Stott has done a wonderful job in showing just how many extraordinary people had speculated on where we came from before the great theorist dispelled all doubts.”—The Guardian (U.K.)
Clandestine Philosophy
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Author : Gianni Paganini
language : en
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
Release Date : 2020
Clandestine Philosophy written by Gianni Paganini and has been published by University of Toronto Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Literary Criticism categories.
Clandestine Philosophy is the first work in English entirely focused on the philosophical clandestine manuscripts that preceded and accompanied the birth of the Enlightenment.
The Evolution Of Dasyurid Marsupials
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Author : Carey Krajewski
language : en
Publisher: CSIRO PUBLISHING
Release Date : 2024-01-22
The Evolution Of Dasyurid Marsupials written by Carey Krajewski and has been published by CSIRO PUBLISHING this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-01-22 with Nature categories.
The marsupial family Dasyuridae has a history of study extending from 18th century naturalists to the modern genomics era. The Evolution of Dasyurid Marsupials: Systematics and Family History tells the story of dasyurid evolution as it unfolded in the context of changing world views on biodiversity, biotic history and scientific methodology, from its roots in Enlightenment taxonomy to its transformation by the Darwinian and Hennigian revolutions, and then its maturation as statistical phylogenetics and phylogenomics. Research on dasyurids includes every major approach in animal systematics, including some for which few comparable examples exist. It extends beyond the recent consensus on species relationships to include the timing of diversification, historical biogeography and the evolution of key phenotypic traits. This book introduces readers to living and fossil dasyurids, the questions evolutionary biologists have asked about them, the inferential methods used to answer those questions and the implications of those answers for understanding the history of this fascinating marsupial family. It offers a comprehensive synthesis of dasyurid evolutionary biology for students, teachers and researchers in mammalian evolution and marsupial biology.
Evolution
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Author : Peter J. Bowler
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2003-07
Evolution written by Peter J. Bowler and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-07 with Science categories.
The comprehensive and authoritative source on the development and impact on one of the most controversial of scientific theories.
Virtue Happiness And Duclos Histoire De Madame De Luz
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Author : L.R. Free
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-04-17
Virtue Happiness And Duclos Histoire De Madame De Luz written by L.R. Free and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-17 with Philosophy categories.
Charles Pinot Duclos' biography dramatizes the evolution from the rigid separation of the aristocratic and plebeian classes in the seventeenth century to the gradual social democratization in the eighteenth. This son of a Brittany merchant from the little village of Dinan rose to social prominence in the aristocratic salon circles of Paris and to literary pre eminence, as attest contemporary memoirs, the success of his novels, histories and moral writings as well as his official positions - a member of two academies, Royal Historiographer, Perpetual Secretary of the French Academy -a feat nearly impossible in the stratified society of seventeenth century France. Moreover, not only was Duclos, the exceptional con versationalist, a persona grata among the Parisian social elite, but he was also aligned with the progressive philosophical forces, a friend or ally of the foremost mid-century men of letters. Indeed, as Karl Toth has so ably demonstrated, Duclos perhaps more than any other important writer 1 of his day can be considered the true representative of his Age. 1 Karl Toth, Woman and Rococo in France (London, 1931), p. 29. For amplified documentation on the character and life of Duclos consult the following sources: Louis Simon Auger, "Notice sur Duclos," Oeuvres completes de Duclos, Paris, 1806. Emile Henriot, "Un honnete homme au XVIIIe siecle -Duclos," La Nouvelle Revue (oct.-nov. 1910), XVII, pp. 553-64; (nov.-dec. 1910) XVIII, pp. 124-33. Leo Le Bourgo, Un homme de lettres au XVIII" siecle, Duclos, sa vie et ses ouvrages (Bordeaux, 1902).
Coulomb And The Evolution Of Physics And Engineering In Eighteenth Century France
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Author : C. Stewart Gillmor
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2017-03-14
Coulomb And The Evolution Of Physics And Engineering In Eighteenth Century France written by C. Stewart Gillmor and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-14 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
In a period of active scientific innovation and technological change, Charles Augustin Coulomb (1736-1806) made major contributions to the development of physics in the areas of torsion and electricity and magnetism; as one of the great engineering theorists, he produced fundamental studies in strength of materials, soil mechanics, structural design, and friction. Stewart Gillmor gives a full account of Coulomb's life and an assessment of his work in the first biography of this notable scientist. Originally published in 1972. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Deafness Gesture And Sign Language In The 18th Century French Philosophy
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Author : Josef Fulka
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Release Date : 2020-04-15
Deafness Gesture And Sign Language In The 18th Century French Philosophy written by Josef Fulka and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The book represents a historical overview of the way the topic of gesture and sign language has been treated in the 18th century French philosophy. The texts treated are grouped into several categories based on the view they present of deafness and gesture. While some of those texts obviously view deafness and sign language in negative terms, i.e. as deficiency, others present deafness essentially as difference, i.e. as a set of competences that might provide some insights into how spoken language works. One of the arguments of the book is that these two views of deafness and sign language still represent two dominant paradigms present in the current debates on the issue. The aim of the book, therefore, is not only to provide a historical overview but to trace what might be called a “history of the present”.