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Experimental And Model Based Investigation Of Overpotentials During Oxygen Reduction Reaction In Silver Based Gas Diffusion Electrodes

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Experimental And Model Based Investigation Of Overpotentials During Oxygen Reduction Reaction In Silver Based Gas Diffusion Electrodes

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Author : David Franzen
language : en
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
Release Date : 2021-10-26

Experimental And Model Based Investigation Of Overpotentials During Oxygen Reduction Reaction In Silver Based Gas Diffusion Electrodes written by David Franzen and has been published by Cuvillier Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-26 with Science categories.

Chlorine is one of the most important basic chemicals, which is used directly or indirectly in the production of around 60 % of all chemical products. The production is almost exclusively based on energy intensive electrolysis processes, with an average of 2.5 – 3.5 MWh of electrical energy required per ton of chlorine generated. This means that chlorine production alone accounts for around 3 % of the electrical energy used worldwide in industry. By using oxygen depolarized cathodes (ODC), it is possible to reduce the demand for electrical energy on an industrial scale by about 25 %. Instead of hydrogen evolution, oxygen reduction takes place. Due to the low solubility of oxygen, the electrode is designed as a gas-diffusion electrodes (GDE). These are porous silver-based electrodes with hydrophobic regions due to the use of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). During operation, the liquid electrolyte penetrates the pore structure, but the PTFE prevents complete flooding of the electrode. Oxygen is supplied via a gas compartment and enters the internal structure of the electrode. A three-phase interface is formed, consisting of liquid electrolyte, gas and catalytically active solid, at which the electrochemical reaction takes place. Although the technology is already successfully used industrially, many processes, especially the electrolyte distribution, inside the GDE remain unknown. In this dissertation, the influence of PTFE is first systematically investigated. Subsequently the process is described in a pseudo-2D model supported by operando experiments. Finally, the exact penetration depth of the electrolyte is analyzed using specially designed electrodes.

Dynamic Model Based Analysis Of Oxygen Reduction Reaction In Gas Diffusion Electrodes

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Author : Röhe, Maximilian
language : en
Publisher: KIT Scientific Publishing
Release Date : 2024-01-09

Dynamic Model Based Analysis Of Oxygen Reduction Reaction In Gas Diffusion Electrodes written by Röhe, Maximilian and has been published by KIT Scientific Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-01-09 with categories.

In this work, the first simulation model of oxygen depolarized cathodes (ODC), which are silver catalyst-based gas diffusion electrodes, is presented that considers the phase equilibrium of the gas-liquid interface and structure-related inhomogeneities in electrolyte distribution. By means of the model it has been identified that mass transport of water and ions in the liquid phase is a crucial factor for electrode performance and how it is influenced by the electrode structure.

Encyclopedia Of Electrochemical Power Sources

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2024-10-03

Encyclopedia Of Electrochemical Power Sources written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-10-03 with Technology & Engineering categories.

The Encyclopedia of Electrochemical Power Sources, Second Edition, is a comprehensive seven-volume set that serves as a vital interdisciplinary reference for those working with batteries, fuel cells, electrolyzers, supercapacitors, and photo-electrochemical cells. With an increased focus on the environmental and economic impacts of electrochemical power sources, this work not only consolidates extensive coverage of the field but also serves as a gateway to the latest literature for professionals and students alike. The field of electrochemical power sources has experienced significant growth and development since the first edition was published in 2009. This is reflected in the exponential growth of the battery market, the improvement of many conventional systems, and the introduction of new systems and technologies. This completely revised second edition captures these advancements, providing updates on all scientific, technical, and economic developments over the past decade. Thematically arranged, this edition delves into crucial areas such as batteries, fuel cells, electrolyzers, supercapacitors, and photo-electrochemical cells. It explores challenges and advancements in electrode and electrolyte materials, structural design, optimization, application of novel materials, and performance analysis. This comprehensive resource, with its focus on the future of electrochemical power sources, is an essential tool for navigating this rapidly evolving field. - Covers the main types of power sources, including their operating principles, systems, materials, and applications - Serves as a primary source of information for electrochemists, materials scientists, energy technologists, and engineers - Incorporates 365 articles, with timely coverage of environmental and sustainability aspects - Arranged thematically to facilitate easy navigation of topics and easy exploration of the field across its key branches - Follows a consistent structure and features elements such as key objective boxes, summaries, figures, references, and cross-references etc., to help students, faculty, and professionals alike

Scientific And Technical Aerospace Reports

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1968

Scientific And Technical Aerospace Reports written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1968 with Aeronautics categories.

Gaseous Carbon Waste Streams Utilization

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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2019-02-22

Gaseous Carbon Waste Streams Utilization written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-22 with Science categories.

In the quest to mitigate the buildup of greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere, researchers and policymakers have increasingly turned their attention to techniques for capturing greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane, either from the locations where they are emitted or directly from the atmosphere. Once captured, these gases can be stored or put to use. While both carbon storage and carbon utilization have costs, utilization offers the opportunity to recover some of the cost and even generate economic value. While current carbon utilization projects operate at a relatively small scale, some estimates suggest the market for waste carbon-derived products could grow to hundreds of billions of dollars within a few decades, utilizing several thousand teragrams of waste carbon gases per year. Gaseous Carbon Waste Streams Utilization: Status and Research Needs assesses research and development needs relevant to understanding and improving the commercial viability of waste carbon utilization technologies and defines a research agenda to address key challenges. The report is intended to help inform decision making surrounding the development and deployment of waste carbon utilization technologies under a variety of circumstances, whether motivated by a goal to improve processes for making carbon-based products, to generate revenue, or to achieve environmental goals.

Fossil Energy Update

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982

Fossil Energy Update written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Fossil fuels categories.

Physical Chemistry

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Author : Robert G. Mortimer
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2008-05-29

Physical Chemistry written by Robert G. Mortimer and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-05-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.

In this third edition, core applications have been added along with more recent developments in the theories of chemical reaction kinetics and molecular quantum mechanics, as well as in the experimental study of extremely rapid chemical reactions.* Fully revised concise edition covering recent developments in the field* Supports student learning with step by step explanation of fundamental principles, an appropriate level of math rigor, and pedagogical tools to aid comprehension* Encourages readers to apply theory in practical situations