Experimentation With Human Beings
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Experimentation With Human Beings
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Author : Jay Katz
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 1972-07-24
Experimentation With Human Beings written by Jay Katz and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972-07-24 with Psychology categories.
In recent years, increasing concern has been voiced about the nature and extent of human experimentation and its impact on the investigator, subject, science, and society. This casebook represents the first attempt to provide comprehensive materials for studying the human experimentation process. Through case studies from medicine, biology, psychology, sociology, and law—as well as evaluative materials from many other disciplines—Dr. Katz examines the problems raised by human experimentation from the vantage points of each of its major participants—investigator, subject, professions, and state. He analyzes what kinds of authority should be delegated to these participants in the formulation, administration, and review of the human experimentation process. Alternative proposals, from allowing investigators a completely free hand to imposing centralized governmental control, are examined from both theoretical and practical perspectives. The conceptual framework of Experimentation with Human Beings is designed to facilitate not only the analysis of such concepts as "harm," "benefit," and "informed consent," but also the exploration of the problems raised by man's quest for knowledge and mastery, his willingness to risk human life, and his readiness to delegate authority to professionals and rely on their judgment.
Experimentation With Human Beings
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Author : Jay Katz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1972
Experimentation With Human Beings written by Jay Katz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with Human experimentation in medicine categories.
The Use Of Human Beings In Research
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Author : S.F. Spicker
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Use Of Human Beings In Research written by S.F. Spicker and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
This volume, which has developed from the Fourteenth Trans Disciplinary Symposium on Philosophy and Medicine, September 5-8, 1982, at Tel Aviv University, Israel, contains the contributions of a group of distinguished scholars who together examine the ethical issues raised by the advance of biomedical science and technology. We are, of course, still at the beginning of a revolution in our understanding of human biology; scientific medicine and clinical research are scarcely one hundred years old. Both the sciences and the technology of medicine until ten or fifteen years ago had the feeling of the 19th century about them; we sense that they belonged to an older time; that era is ending. The next twenty-five to fifty years of investigative work belong to neurobiology, genetics, and reproductive biology. The technologies of information processing and imaging will make diagnosis and treatment almost incomprehensible by my generation of physicians. Our science and technology will become so powerful that we shall require all of the art and wisdom we can muster to be sure that they remain dedicated, as Francis Bacon hoped four centuries ago, "to the uses of life." It is well that, as philosophers and physicians, we grapple with the issues now when they are relatively simple, and while the pace of change is relatively slow. We require a strategy for the future; that strategy must be worked out by scientists, philosophers, physicians, lawyers, theologians, and, I should like to add, artists and poets.
Experimentation On Human Beings
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Author : Marshall Jordan Breger
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1975
Experimentation On Human Beings written by Marshall Jordan Breger and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with Medical ethics categories.
The Arctic Aeromedical Laboratory S Thyroid Function Study
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Author : Committee on Evaluation of 1950s Air Force Human Health Testing in Alaska Using Radioactive Iodine-131
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1996-02-09
The Arctic Aeromedical Laboratory S Thyroid Function Study written by Committee on Evaluation of 1950s Air Force Human Health Testing in Alaska Using Radioactive Iodine-131 and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-02-09 with Science categories.
During the 1950s, with the Cold War looming, military planners sought to know more about how to keep fighting forces fit and capable in the harsh Alaskan environment. In 1956 and 1957, the U.S. Air Force's former Arctic Aeromedical Laboratory conducted a study of the role of the thyroid in human acclimatization to cold. To measure thyroid function under various conditions, the researchers administered a radioactive medical trace, Iodine-131, to Alaska Natives and white military personnel; based on the study results, the researchers determined that the thyroid did not play a significant role in human acclimatization to cold. When this study of thyroid function was revisited at a 1993 conference on the Cold War legacy in the Arctic, serious questions were raised about the appropriateness of the activity--whether it posed risks to the people involved and whether the research had been conducted within the bounds of accepted guidelines for research using human participants. In particular, there was concern over the relatively large proportion of Alaska Natives used as subjects and whether they understood the nature of the study. This book evaluates the research in detail, looking at both the possible health effects of Iodine-131 administration in humans and the ethics of human subjects research. This book presents conclusions and recommendations and is a significant addition to the nation's current reevaluation of human radiation experiments conducted during the Cold War.
Subjected To Science
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Author : Susan E. Lederer
language : en
Publisher: JHU Press
Release Date : 1997-11-07
Subjected To Science written by Susan E. Lederer and has been published by JHU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-11-07 with History categories.
Susan Lederer provides the first full-length history of early biomedical research with human subjects. Lederer offers detailed accounts of experiments conducted on both healthy and unhealthy men, women, and children, during the period from 1890 to 1940, including yellow fever experiments, Udo Wile's "dental drill" experiments on insane patients, and Hideyo Noguchi's syphilis experiments.
The Ethics And Politics Of Human Experimentation
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Author : Paul Murray McNeill
language : en
Publisher: CUP Archive
Release Date : 1993-05-28
The Ethics And Politics Of Human Experimentation written by Paul Murray McNeill and has been published by CUP Archive this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993-05-28 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
The author finds that these committees are predominantly influenced by members of research institutions and by the researchers themselves. Yet researchers, and their institutions, stand to gain considerable benefits from the experiments they conduct. Dr McNeill argues that committees of review, as they are presently constituted, cannot be relied on to ensure an equitable balance between the interests of researchers and the interests of the human subjects experimented on. He proposes a radically different rationale and model for committee review.
Biomedical Ethics And The Law
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Author : James M. Humber
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Biomedical Ethics And The Law written by James M. Humber and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Philosophy categories.
In the past few years, an increasing number of colleges and universities have added courses in biomedical ethics to their curricula. To some extent, these additions serve to satisfy student demands for "relevance. " But it is also true that such changes reflect a deepening desire on the part of the academic community to deal effectively with a host of problems which must be solved if we are to have a health-care delivery system which is efficient, humane, and just. To a large degree, these problems are the unique result of both rapidly changing moral values and dramatic advances in biomedical technology. The past decade has witnessed sudden and conspicuous controversy over the morality and legality of new practices relating to abortion, therapy for the mentally ill, experimentation using human subjects, forms of genetic interven tion, and euthanasia. Malpractice suits abound, and astronomical fees for malpractice insurance threaten the very possibility of medical and health-care practice. Without the backing of a clear moral consensus, the law is frequently forced into resolving these conflicts only to see the moral issues involved still hotly debated and the validity of the existing law further questioned. Take abortion, for example. Rather than settling the legal issue, the Supreme Court's original abortion decision in Roe v. Wade (1973), seems only to have spurred further legal debate. And of course, whether or not abortion is a mo rally ac ceptable procedure is still the subject of heated dispute.
Dangerous Medicine
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Author : Sydney A. Halpern
language : en
Publisher: Yale University Press
Release Date : 2021-11-23
Dangerous Medicine written by Sydney A. Halpern and has been published by Yale University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-23 with Medical categories.
The untold history of America’s mid-twentieth-century program of hepatitis infection research, its scientists’ aspirations, and the damage the project caused human subjects From 1942 through 1972, American biomedical researchers deliberately infected people with hepatitis. Government-sponsored researchers were attempting to discover the basic features of the disease and the viruses causing it, and to develop interventions that would quell recurring outbreaks. Drawing from extensive archival research and in-person interviews, Sydney Halpern traces the hepatitis program from its origins in World War II through its expansion during the initial Cold War years, to its demise in the early 1970s amid an outcry over research abuse. The subjects in hepatitis studies were members of stigmatized groups—conscientious objectors, prison inmates, the mentally ill, and developmentally disabled adults and children. The book reveals how researchers invoked military and scientific imperatives and the rhetoric of a common good to win support for the experiments and access to recruits. Halpern examines the participants’ long-term health consequences and raises troubling questions about hazardous human experiments aimed at controlling today’s epidemic diseases.
For The Good Of Mankind
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Author : Vicki Oransky Wittenstein
language : en
Publisher: Twenty-First Century Books
Release Date : 2013-10-01
For The Good Of Mankind written by Vicki Oransky Wittenstein and has been published by Twenty-First Century Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-01 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
Experiment: A child is deliberately infected with the deadly smallpox disease without his parents' informed consent. Result: The world's first vaccine. Experiment: A slave woman is forced to undergo more than thirty operations without anesthesia. Result: The beginnings of modern gynecology. Incidents like these paved the way for crucial, lifesaving medical discoveries. But they also harmed and humiliated their test subjects, many of whom did not agree to the experiments in the first place. How do doctors balance the need to test new medicines and procedures with their ethical duty to protect the rights of human subjects? Take a harrowing journey through some of history's greatest medical advancesand its most horrifying medical atrocitiesto discover how human suffering has gone hand in hand with medical advancement.