Experts And Consensus In Social Science
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Experts And Consensus In Social Science
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Author : Carlo Martini
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-09-11
Experts And Consensus In Social Science written by Carlo Martini and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-11 with Philosophy categories.
This book brings together the research of philosophers, sociologists, and social scientists. It examines those areas of scientific practice where reliance on the subjective judgment of experts and practitioners is the main source of useful knowledge to address and possibly, bring solutions to social problems. A common phenomenon in applications of science is that objective evidence does not point to a single answer or solution, to a problem. Reliance on subjective judgment, then, becomes necessary, despite the known fact that hunches, even those of putative experts, often provide information that is not very accurate, and that experts are prone to fallacies and biases. The book looks at how experts reach consensus in the social sciences, and which experts are relevant to which problems. It aims to answer many questions, the main one being: Can we start building a normative theory of expertise on the basis of the evidence that social scientists, sociologists and philosophers have uncovered?
Experts Social Scientists And Techniques Of Prognosis In Cold War America
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Author : Christian Dayé
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-12-16
Experts Social Scientists And Techniques Of Prognosis In Cold War America written by Christian Dayé and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-16 with Social Science categories.
This book describes how Cold War researchers used expert opinions to construct foreknowledge of geopolitical relevance. Focusing on the RAND Corporation, an American think tank with close relations to the armed forces, Dayé analyses the development of two techniques of prognosis, the Delphi technique and Political Gaming. Based on archival research and interviews, the chapters explore the history of this series of experiments to understand how contemporary social scientists conceived of one of the core categories of the Cold War, the expert, and uncover the systematic use of expert opinions to craft prognoses. This consideration of the expert’s role in Cold War society and what that can tell us about the role of the expert today will be of interest to students and scholars across the history of science, the sociology of knowledge, future studies, the history of the Cold War, social science methodology, and social policy.
Social Scientists In The Civic Space
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Author : Arundhati Virmani
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2024-11-18
Social Scientists In The Civic Space written by Arundhati Virmani and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-11-18 with Social Science categories.
The book explores the stakes for the social sciences around four central problems: the challenges of context; modes of intervention; involvement; and the ethical dilemmas for the scholar in a democratic space. The first, challenges of the context, examines the variety of situations confronted by scholars since the beginning of the 20th century. These include their interventions in key judicial affairs, the impact of technological developments like the introduction of big data, or even the positionality of the scholar. Second, the book investigates the modalities according to which social scientists may intervene in the civic space: in particular as specialists, as experts, or in the media. A third problem brings together some cases illustrative of researchers’ involvement in critical issues, such as food policies, major social reforms, or gender-related questions. Finally, the book concludes with a reflection on the modes of exercising critique or dissent in democratic societies and on the ethical dimensions of involvement in the civic space. A searing examination of the role of social scientists, as they are called upon to address the multiple critical issues faced by contemporary societies, from pandemics to climatic change, sustainable development, migration, ethnicity, or the place of religion. This volume will be of great interest not just to scholars, students, and researchers of the social sciences but to the general reader as a concerned citizen.
The Third Wave Of Science Studies
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Author : Harry M. Collins
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
The Third Wave Of Science Studies written by Harry M. Collins and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Human services categories.
Science On Stage
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Author : Stephen Hilgartner
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2000
Science On Stage written by Stephen Hilgartner and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Science categories.
Behind today's headlines stands an unobtrusive army of science advisors—panels of scientific, medical, and engineering experts evaluate the safety of the food we eat, the drugs we take, and the cars we drive. This book studies, theoretically and empirically, the social process through which the credibility of expert advice is produced, challenged, and sustained.
The Sage Handbook Of The Philosophy Of Social Sciences
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Author : Ian C Jarvie
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2011-02-17
The Sage Handbook Of The Philosophy Of Social Sciences written by Ian C Jarvie and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-02-17 with Social Science categories.
- what is the relationship between the social sciences and the natural sciences? - where do today′s dominant approaches to doing social science come from? - what are the main fissures and debates in contemporary social scientific thought? - how are we to make sense of seemingly contrasting approaches to how social scientists find out about the world and justify their claims to have knowledge of it? In this exciting handbook, Ian Jarvie and Jesús Zamora-Bonilla have put together a wide-ranging and authoritative overview of the main philosophical currents and traditions at work in the social sciences today. Starting with the history of social scientific thought, this handbook sets out to explore that core fundamentals of social science practice, from issues of ontology and epistemology to issues of practical method. Along the way it investigates such notions as paradigm, empiricism, postmodernism, naturalism, language, agency, power, culture, and causality. Bringing together in one volume leading authorities in the field from around the world, this book will be a must-have for any serious scholar or student of the social sciences.
Philosophy Of Social Science
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Author : Nancy Cartwright
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2014
Philosophy Of Social Science written by Nancy Cartwright and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This is a much-needed new introduction to a field that has been transformed in recent years by exciting new subjects, ideas, and methods. It is designed both for students with central interests in philosophy and those planning to concentrate on the social sciences, and it presupposes no particular background in either domain. From the wide range of topics at the forefront of debate in philosophy of social science, the editors have chosen those which are representative of the most important and interesting contemporary work. A team of distinguished experts explore key aspects of the field such as social ontology (what are the things that social science studies?), objectivity, formal methods, measurement, and causal inference. Also included are chapters focused on notable subjects of social science research, such as well-being and climate change. Philosophy of Social Science provides a clear, accessible, and up-to-date guide to this fascinating field.
The Impact Of The Social Sciences
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Author : Simon Bastow
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2014-01-17
The Impact Of The Social Sciences written by Simon Bastow and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-17 with Social Science categories.
The impact agenda is set to shape the way in which social scientists prioritise the work they choose to pursue, the research methods they use and how they publish their findings over the coming decade, but how much is currently known about how social science research has made a mark on society? Based on a three year research project studying the impact of 360 UK-based academics on business, government and civil society sectors, this groundbreaking new book undertakes the most thorough analysis yet of how academic research in the social sciences achieves public policy impacts, contributes to economic prosperity, and informs public understanding of policy issues as well as economic and social changes. The Impact of the Social Sciences addresses and engages with key issues, including: identifying ways to conceptualise and model impact in the social sciences developing more sophisticated ways to measure academic and external impacts of social science research explaining how impacts from individual academics, research units and universities can be improved. This book is essential reading for researchers, academics and anyone involved in discussions about how to improve the value and impact of funded research.
Regional Conference On Science Technology And Social Sciences Rcstss 2016
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Author : Nor Azizah Yacob
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-05-26
Regional Conference On Science Technology And Social Sciences Rcstss 2016 written by Nor Azizah Yacob and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-26 with Business & Economics categories.
This book gathers selected theoretical and applied science papers presented at the 2016 Regional Conference of Sciences, Technology and Social Sciences (RCSTSS 2016), organized biannually by the Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang, Malaysia. Addressing a broad range of topics, including architecture, computer science, engineering, environmental and management, furniture, forestry, health and medicine, material science, mathematics, plantation and agrotechnology, sports science and statistics, the book serves as an essential platform for disseminating research findings, and inspires positive innovations in the region’s development. The carefully reviewed papers in this volume present work by researchers of local, regional and global prominence. Taken together, they offer a valuable reference guide and point of departure for all academics and students who want to pursue further research in their respective fields.
Experts And The Will Of The People
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Author : Harry Collins
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-10-11
Experts And The Will Of The People written by Harry Collins and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-11 with Social Science categories.
The rise of populism in the West has led to attacks on the legitimacy of scientific expertise in political decision making. This book explores the differences between populism and pluralist democracy and their relationship with science. Pluralist democracy is characterised by respect for minority choices and a system of checks and balances that prevents power being concentrated in one group, while populism treats minorities as traitorous so as to concentrate power in the government. The book argues that scientific expertise – and science more generally -- should be understood as one of the checks and balances in pluralist democracies. It defends science as ‘craftwork with integrity’ and shows how its crucial role in democratic societies can be rethought and that it must be publicly explained. This book will be of value to scholars and practitioners working across STS as well as to anyone interested in decoding the populist agenda against science.