Explaining Variation In Juvenile Punishment
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Explaining Variation In Juvenile Punishment
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Author : Steven N. Zane
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-07-29
Explaining Variation In Juvenile Punishment written by Steven N. Zane and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-29 with Law categories.
This research monograph provides a comparative analysis of juvenile court outcomes, exploring the influence of contextual factors on juvenile punishment across systems and communities. In doing so, it investigates whether, how, and to what extent macro-social context influences variation in juvenile punishment. The contextual hypotheses under investigation evaluate three prominent macro-sociall theoretical approaches: the conflict-oriented perspective of community threat, the consensus-oriented perspective of social disorganization, and the organizational perspective of the political economy of the juvenile court. Using multilevel modeling techniques, the study investigates these macro-social influences on juvenile justice outcomes across nearly 500 counties in seven states—Alabama, Connecticut, Missouri, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas, and Utah. Findings suggest that the contextual indicators under investigation did not explain variation in juvenile court punishment across communities and systems, and the study proposes several implications for future research and policy. This monograph is essential reading for scholars of juvenile justice system impact and reform as well as practitioners engaged in youth policy and juvenile justice work. It is unique in taking a comparative perspective that acknowledges that there is no one juvenile justice system in the United States, but many such systems.
Youth Violence In Context
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Author : Eileen M. Ahlin
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-09-21
Youth Violence In Context written by Eileen M. Ahlin and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-21 with Social Science categories.
This book places youth violence within a Routine Activity Ecological Framework. Youth violence, specifically youth exposure to community violence and youth perpetration of violent behaviors, occur within various contexts. Ahlin and Antunes situate their discussion of youth violence within an ecological framework, identifying how it is nested within four mesosystem layers: community, family, peers and schools, and youth characteristics. Contextualized using an ecological framework, the Routine Activity Theory and Lifestyles perspective (RAT/LS) are well suited to guide an examination of youth violence risk and protective factors across the four layers. Drawing on scholarship that explores predictors and consequences of youth violence, the authors apply RAT/LS theory to explain how community, family, peers, schools, and youth characteristics influence youth behavior. Each layer of the ecological framework unfolds to reveal the latest scholarship and contextualizes how concepts of RAT/LS, specifically the motivated offender, target suitability, and guardianship, can be applied at each level. This book also highlights the mechanisms and processes that contribute to youth exposure to and involvement in violence by exploring factors examined in the literature as protective and risk factors of youth violence. Youth violence occurs in context, and, as such, the understanding of multilevel predictors and preventive measures against it can be situated within an RAT/LS ecological framework. This work links theory to extant research. Ahlin and Antunes demonstrate how knowledge of youth violence can be used to develop a robust theoretical foundation that can inform policy to improve neighborhoods and youth experiences within their communities, families, and peers and within their schools while acknowledging the importance of individual characteristics. This monograph is essential reading for those interested in youth violence, juvenile delinquency, and juvenile justice research and anyone dedicated to preventing crime among youths.
Comparative Juvenile Criminal Justice
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Author : Alexandre Chitov
language : en
Publisher: ศูนย์บริหารงานวิจัย สำนักงานมหาวิทยาลัยเชียงใหม่
Release Date : 2016
Comparative Juvenile Criminal Justice written by Alexandre Chitov and has been published by ศูนย์บริหารงานวิจัย สำนักงานมหาวิทยาลัยเชียงใหม่ this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Law categories.
The book deals with three interconnected themes. The first is the dascription of main features of juvenile criminal justice in such diverse countries as Thailand, China, Germany, France, and England. The second is the argument that ecucation is the essential principle of any juvenile delinquency justice systemn, and that the most important part of education must be moral instruction of young offenders. The third theme of the book is that warld religiong are indispensable for carrying out successful educational programs directed towards the formation of good conscince among young people. Three religious traditions are explored: Buddhism, Confu - cianism, and Christianlty. The presentation of the educational poten - tial of the world religions draws upon the axperience of the author as a volunteer teacher in a Thai juvenile correction institution.
Juvenile Risk And Needs Assessment
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Author : Christopher J. Sullivan
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-09-14
Juvenile Risk And Needs Assessment written by Christopher J. Sullivan and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-14 with Law categories.
This book takes a comprehensive, analytic approach to understanding Juvenile Risk and Needs Assessment (JRNA), covering elements relevant to how the practice affects youths’ cases and the juvenile justice system. The work draws on both analysis of the extensive research on risk and needs assessment in the juvenile justice system as well as data from the authors’ recent work in the area. Authors Sullivan and Childs have extensive experience in teaching about and doing research on the juvenile justice system, including multiple studies on juvenile risk and needs assessment tools and their implementation. This expansive, integrative book leaves readers with a realistic sense of "where things stand" on the theory, research, policy, and practice of JRNA. By bringing together existing ideas and assessing them in depth, it identifies possible future paths and sparks ideas for improving the juvenile justice response to delinquent and at-risk youths. Juvenile Risk and Needs Assessment is essential reading for scholars of juvenile justice system impact and reform as well as practitioners engaged in youth and juvenile justice work ranging from the preventive to the rehabilitative stages.
Juvenile Justice Sourcebook
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Author : Wesley T Church, II
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2014-02-28
Juvenile Justice Sourcebook written by Wesley T Church, II and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-28 with Social Science categories.
Several million reported and unreported delinquent acts take place each year. In fact, according to the U.S. Department of Justice and the U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics, juvenile delinquency, acting-out and oppositional behavior, illegal drugs, guns, and youth violence are pervasive throughout American society. Juvenile Justice Sourcebook is the first comprehensive volume devoted exclusively to the biopsychosocial assessment, police and juvenile court processing, and institutional and community-based treatment and rehabilitation of juvenile offenders. The overriding objective of this sourcebook is to trace the tremendous progress achieved toward resolving juvenile justice issues, dilemmas, and controversies, while providing futuristic visions for the juvenile justice field. Each chapter, authored by preeminent expert practitioners and researchers, explores topics ranging from innovative counseling and multisystemic programs, to restorative justice, to rehabilitation programs such as aggression replacement training, wilderness programs, family treatment, substance abuse treatment, restitution, and aftercare. This volume, grounded in history and exhaustive research, presents the latest evidence-based policies, programs, and innovative treatment alternatives. Examining the entire juvenile justice system, including juvenile law, policies, practices, and research, the Juvenile Justice Sourcebook will be invaluable to all juvenile justice practitioners, policy analysts, researchers, and students.
Home And Community Based Services For Youth And Families In Crisis An Issue Of Childand Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics Of North America E Book
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Author : Kimberly Gordon Achebe
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
Release Date : 2024-09-18
Home And Community Based Services For Youth And Families In Crisis An Issue Of Childand Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics Of North America E Book written by Kimberly Gordon Achebe and has been published by Elsevier Health Sciences this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-09-18 with Medical categories.
In this issue of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics, guest editors Drs. Kimberly Gordon-Achebe, Rupinder K. Legha, and Michelle P. Durham bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Home and Community Based Services for Youth and Families in Crisis. Top experts in the field discuss strategies to empower pediatric communities and their families in times of crisis, by optimizing community partnership with preventative and crisis response interventions for de-escalation and stabilization, expanding financial supports for community and home based mental health services; promoting community oriented emergency psychiatry and mobile crisis service delivery; and promoting local, state, and federal policy intervention for systems of care that focus on the collective health and well-being in environments of children and their families. - Contains 15 relevant, practice-oriented topics including federal, state, and local mental health policy interventions in response to the pediatric mental health crisis from the COVID pandemic; trauma-informed response and prevention of mental health crisis in schools using a Culturally Responsive, Antiracist and Equitable (CARE) framework; coordinated systems of care approaches for pediatric emergency and crisis stabilization, mobile treatment, and wraparound services; integrating the Attachment, Regulation and Competency (ARC) Trauma Informed Framework in inpatient, day treatment, partial hospitalization, residential, and community based treatment settings; understanding the social and structural determinants for special populations related to suicide prevention in the BIPOC and LGBTQI communities; and more. - Provides in-depth clinical reviews on home and community based services for youth and families in crisis, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. - Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.
Federal Register
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002-06-05
Federal Register written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-06-05 with Administrative law categories.
The Life Course Of Serious And Violent Youth Grown Up
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Author : Evan McCuish
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-06-30
The Life Course Of Serious And Violent Youth Grown Up written by Evan McCuish and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-30 with Psychology categories.
The Life-Course of Serious and Violent Youth Grown Up addresses significant gaps in the literature on youth involved in chronic, serious, and violent offending. Through longitudinal research and a long follow-up into adulthood, it challenges common perceptions about offending outcomes. Using theoretically grounded, methodologically sophisticated and empirically driven research, this book culminates 20 years of data emerging from the Incarcerated Serious and Violent Young Offender Study (ISVYOS). Initiated in 1998 to understand the origins of serious and violent youth offending, it follows 1,719 formerly incarcerated youth through adulthood and offers a contemporary perspective to questions about chronic offending in adolescence and social and offending outcomes in adulthood. The authors provide a theoretically framed examination of new findings from the ISVYOS regarding participants’ justice system involvement, from onset to persistence to desistance. Most participants experienced continued involvement in the justice system in adulthood. However, contrary to past literature, ISVYOS findings challenge static descriptions of chronic offending and notions of the youth "super predator". ISVYOS findings also challenge assertions that experiences and risk factors in childhood and adolescence are not informative of adult justice system involvement. Together, the findings call for a more humanistic approach that recognizes that the complex lives of individuals formerly incarcerated in adolescence implies that desistance does not happen by default. This book will be of great interest to scholars, researchers, and students of forensic psychology, developmental and life course criminology, youth justice, and violent crime.
Reforming Juvenile Justice
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2013-05-22
Reforming Juvenile Justice written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-22 with Law categories.
Adolescence is a distinct, yet transient, period of development between childhood and adulthood characterized by increased experimentation and risk-taking, a tendency to discount long-term consequences, and heightened sensitivity to peers and other social influences. A key function of adolescence is developing an integrated sense of self, including individualization, separation from parents, and personal identity. Experimentation and novelty-seeking behavior, such as alcohol and drug use, unsafe sex, and reckless driving, are thought to serve a number of adaptive functions despite their risks. Research indicates that for most youth, the period of risky experimentation does not extend beyond adolescence, ceasing as identity becomes settled with maturity. Much adolescent involvement in criminal activity is part of the normal developmental process of identity formation and most adolescents will mature out of these tendencies. Evidence of significant changes in brain structure and function during adolescence strongly suggests that these cognitive tendencies characteristic of adolescents are associated with biological immaturity of the brain and with an imbalance among developing brain systems. This imbalance model implies dual systems: one involved in cognitive and behavioral control and one involved in socio-emotional processes. Accordingly adolescents lack mature capacity for self-regulations because the brain system that influences pleasure-seeking and emotional reactivity develops more rapidly than the brain system that supports self-control. This knowledge of adolescent development has underscored important differences between adults and adolescents with direct bearing on the design and operation of the justice system, raising doubts about the core assumptions driving the criminalization of juvenile justice policy in the late decades of the 20th century. It was in this context that the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) asked the National Research Council to convene a committee to conduct a study of juvenile justice reform. The goal of Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach was to review recent advances in behavioral and neuroscience research and draw out the implications of this knowledge for juvenile justice reform, to assess the new generation of reform activities occurring in the United States, and to assess the performance of OJJDP in carrying out its statutory mission as well as its potential role in supporting scientifically based reform efforts.
Youth Violence Prevention
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Author : Terrance Taylor
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-04-14
Youth Violence Prevention written by Terrance Taylor and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-14 with Social Science categories.
Youth violence is a pressing social concern and this book examines several elements of youth violence prevention. It offers state-of-the-art research on several different topics including: the relationship between bullying offending and victimization; the relationship between race and the code of the streets’ explanation for violent offending; and how differences in methodology affect the validity of the multiple marginality theory of gang membership. It also examines an understudied population: gay gang members as well as providing an analysis of the degree to which risk factors for gang membership and violent offending are sex-specific. The critical component of this text is the melding of research with practical implications for youth violence prevention specialists. As such, the book should be useful to both academic and practitioner audiences. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Crime & Justice.