Explanation Causation And Deduction
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Explanation Causation And Deduction
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Author : Fred Wilson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Explanation Causation And Deduction written by Fred Wilson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The purpose of this essay is to defend the deductive-nomological model of explanation against a number of criticisms that have been made of it. It has traditionally been thought that scientific explanations were causal and that scientific explanations involved deduction from laws. In recent years, however, this three-fold identity has been challenged: there are, it is argued, causal explanations that are not scientific, scientific explanations that are not deductive, deductions from laws that are neither causal explanations nor scientific explanations, and causal explanations that involve no deductions from laws. The aim of the present essay is to defend the traditional identities, and to show that the more recent attempts at invalidating them fail in their object. More specifically, this essay argues that a Humean version of the deductive-nomological model of explanation can be defended as (1) the correct account of scientific explanation of individual facts and processes, and as (2) the correct account of causal explanations of individual facts and processes. The deductive-nomological model holds that to explain an event E, say that a is G, one must find some initial conditions C, say that a is F, and a law or theory T such that T and C jointly entail E, and both are essential to the deduction.
Body Mind And Self In Hume S Critical Realism
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Author : Fred Wilson
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 2013-05-02
Body Mind And Self In Hume S Critical Realism written by Fred Wilson and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-02 with Philosophy categories.
This essay proposes that Hume’s non-substantialist bundle account of minds is basically correct. The concept of a person is not a metaphysical notion but a forensic one, that of a being who enters into the moral and normative relations of civil society. A person is a bundle but it is also a structured bundle. Hume’s metaphysics of relations is argued must be replaced by a more adequate one such as that of Russell, but beyond that Hume’s account is essentially correct. In particular it is argued that it is one’s character that constitutes one’s identity; and that sympathy and the passions of pride and humility are central in forming and maintaining one’s character and one’s identity as a person. But also central is one’s body: a person is an embodied consciousness: the notion that one’s body is essential to one’s identity is defended at length. Various concepts of mind and consciousness are examined - for example, neutral monism and intentionality - and also the concept of privacy and our inferences to other minds.
Causation And Explanation
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Author : Joseph Keim Campbell
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2007
Causation And Explanation written by Joseph Keim Campbell and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Philosophy categories.
Leading scholars discuss the development and application of theories of causation and explanation, offering a state-of-the-art view of current work on these two topics.
Acquaintance Ontology And Knowledge
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Author : Fred Wilson
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 2013-05-02
Acquaintance Ontology And Knowledge written by Fred Wilson and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-02 with Philosophy categories.
These essays bring together forty years of work in ontology. Intentionality, negation, universals, bare particulars, tropes, general facts, relations, the myth of the 'myth of the given', are among the topics covered. Bergmann, Quine, Sellars, Russell, Wittgenstein, Hume, Bradley, Hochberg, Dummett, Frege, Plato, are among the philosophers discussed. The essays criticize non-Humean notions of cause; they criticize the notion that besides simple atomic facts there are also negative facts and general facts. They defend a realism of properties as universals, against nominalism; bare particulars; a (qualified) realism with regard to logical form; a Russellian account of relations; and an account of minds and intentionality, which is opposed to materialism, but is also a form of (methodological) behaviourism. In general, the ontology is one of logical atomism and empiricist throughout, rooted in a Principle of Acquaintance.
Causation And Explanation
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Author : Stathis Psillos
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-12-18
Causation And Explanation written by Stathis Psillos and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-18 with Philosophy categories.
What is the nature of causation? How is causation linked with explanation? And can there be an adequate theory of explanation? These questions and many others are addressed in this unified and rigorous examination of the philosophical problems surrounding causation, laws and explanation. Part 1 of this book explores Hume's views on causation, theories of singular causation, and counterfactual and mechanistic approaches. Part 2 considers the regularity view of laws and laws as relations among universals, as well as recent alternative approaches to laws. Part 3 examines the issues arising from deductive-nomological explanation, statistical explanation, the explanation of laws and the metaphysics of explanation. Accessible to readers of all levels, this book provides an excellent introduction to one of the most enduring problems of philosophy.
Explanation Laws And Causation
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Author : Wei Wang
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-04-21
Explanation Laws And Causation written by Wei Wang and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-21 with Philosophy categories.
Scientific explanation, laws of nature, and causation are crucial and frontier issues in the philosophy of science. This book studies the complex relationship between the three concepts, aiming to achieve a holistic synthesis about explanation–laws–causation. By reviewing Hempel's scientific explanation models and Salmon's three conceptions – the epistemic, modal, and ontic conception – the book suggests that laws are essential to explanation and that our understanding of laws will help solve the problems of the latter. Concerning the nature of laws, this book tackles both the problems of regularity approach and necessitarian approach. It also proposes that the ontological order of explanation should be from events (or processes) to causation, then to regularity (laws), and finally to science system, but the epistemological order should be from science system to laws to explanation and causation. In addition, this book examines the legitimacy of ceteris paribus laws, the connection between explanation and reduction, the relation between explanation and interpretation, and some other issues closely related to explanation–laws–causation. This book will attract scholars and students of philosophy of science, natural sciences, social sciences, etc.
Empiricism And Darwin S Science
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Author : F. Wilson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Empiricism And Darwin S Science written by F. Wilson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
I would like to record my thanks to Paul Thompson for useful conver sations over the years, and also to several generations of students who have helped me develop my ideas on biological theory and on Darwin. My wife has, as usual, been more than helpful; in particular she typed a good portion of the manuscript while I was on leave a few years ago, more now than I like to remember. My parents were both looking forward to holding a final copy of this book. I only regret that my mother did not live long enough to see its completion. I must also thank the publishers and their staff. They have been re markably patient about meeting deadlines - promises were repeatedly made and then, owing to family situations, had to be broken - and for this I am considerably in their debt. I would further like to thank the following authors and publishers for permission to use their work: R. C. Lewontin, The Genetic Basis of Evolutionary Change, Figure 1, p. 14; © 1964 Columbia University Press; reprinted here by kind permission of the author and publisher. F. Wilson, 'Goudge's Contribution to the Philosophy of Science', in L. W. Sumner, J. G. Slater, and F. Wilson (eds.), Pragmatism and Purpose: Essays in Honour of T. A. Goudge; © 1964 University of Toronto Press; reproduced here in part by kind permission of all the editors and the publisher.
Laws And Other Worlds
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Author : Fred Wilson
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1986-10-31
Laws And Other Worlds written by Fred Wilson and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986-10-31 with Law categories.
The External World And Our Knowledge Of It
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Author : Fred Wilson
language : en
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
Release Date : 2008-10-25
The External World And Our Knowledge Of It written by Fred Wilson and has been published by University of Toronto Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-10-25 with Philosophy categories.
David Hume is often considered to have been a sceptic, particularly in his conception of the individual's knowledge of the external world. However, a closer examination of his works gives a much different impression of this aspect of Hume's philosophy, one that is due for a thorough scholarly analysis. This study argues that Hume was, in fact, a critical realist in the early twentieth-century sense, a period in which the term was used to describe the epistemological and ontological theories of such philosophers as Roy Wood Sellars and Bertrand Russell. Carefully situating Hume in his historical context, that is, relative to Aristotelian and rationalist traditions, Fred Wilson makes important and unique insights into Humean philosophy. Analyzing key sections of the Treatise, the Enquiry, and the Dialogues concerning Natural Religion, Wilson offers a deeper understanding of Hume by taking into account the philosopher's theories of the external world. Such a reading, the author explains, is not only more faithful to the texts, but also reinforces the view of Hume as a critical realist in light of twentieth-century discussions between externalism and internalism, and between coherentists and foundationalists. Complete with original observations and ideas, this study is sure to generate debates about Humean philosophy, critical realism, and the limits of perceptual knowledge.
The Philosophy Of Karl Popper
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Author : Herbert Keuth
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2005
The Philosophy Of Karl Popper written by Herbert Keuth and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with History categories.
This is a systematic exposition of Popper's philosophy covering in part 1 the philosophy of science, in part 2 the social philosophy, and in part 3 the later metaphysics, in particular the theses to solve indeterminism/determinism and mind/body problems, and the famous idea of a third world of objective thought.This book is more comprehensive than any current introduction to Popper. Its perspicuous structure and lucid exposition should ensure that it could be used in courses in both the philosophy of science and the philosophy of social science.