Export Promotion Policies In Costa Rica
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Export Promotion Policies In Costa Rica
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Author : Robert Hallauer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
Export Promotion Policies In Costa Rica written by Robert Hallauer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Agriculture categories.
Costa Rica
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Author : Ennio Rodríguez Céspedes
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Costa Rica written by Ennio Rodríguez Céspedes and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Commerce categories.
Over the last thirty-five years, Costa Rican exports (in dollars) have grown at an average annual growth rate of 10.8 per cent. In the context of an import substituting industrialization and subregional integration, exports grew at increasingly higher rates through the sixties and seventies; but the severe external debt crisis in the early eighties led to export stagnation. In the late eighties and through the nineties, there has been a substantial recovery, which shows to some extent the effect of a second generation of export promotion policies.
E Commerce And Export Promotion Policies For Small And Medium Sized Enterprises
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Author : Mikio Kuwayama
language : en
Publisher: Santiago, Chile : United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, International Trade and Integration Division
Release Date : 2001
E Commerce And Export Promotion Policies For Small And Medium Sized Enterprises written by Mikio Kuwayama and has been published by Santiago, Chile : United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, International Trade and Integration Division this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Business & Economics categories.
Foreign Trade Policy And Growth A Comparison Of Mexico And Costa Rica
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Author : Fabian Barthel
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2005-11-09
Foreign Trade Policy And Growth A Comparison Of Mexico And Costa Rica written by Fabian Barthel and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-11-09 with Business & Economics categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject Economics - Foreign Trade Theory, Trade Policy, grade: A-, University of Auckland (Business School - Faculty of Economics), course: Trade & Development, language: English, abstract: There has been a lot of work on the relation between openness and economic growth, with results being ambiguous. A study done by Sachs and Warner (1995), using a sample of 135 countries, has shown that there is a positive correlation between openness and growth, e.g. that trade liberalisation fosters economic performance. The assumptions and country categorisations of this study have been criticised by Rodriguez and Rodrik (2000); they concluded that low tariff rates do not necessarily imply higher growth rates but that tariff protection exceeding a certain level stifles growth. Dollar and Kray (cited in Santos-Paulino and Thirlwall, 2004) compared different sets of countries with each other and found out that changes in growth rates are positively correlated with the share of trade and thus greater openness has accelerated economic growth. This essay compares the foreign trade policy of Mexico and Costa Rica. Even though both countries pursued the same policies, some differences can be found. Both implemented a strategy of import-substituting industrialisation until the serious crisis at the beginning of the 1980s, followed by a period of extensive trade liberalisation. This was due to pressure put on by the international institutions such as IMF or World Bank. While Mexico opened up its market, Costa Rica went further and lowered the import barriers. They put a strong emphasis on attracting foreign direct investment. With an average annual growth rate of 4.78 percent in Costa Rica and 4.43 percent in Mexico over the last four decades both countries achieved a strong economic growth exceeding the average of all other Latin American countries. However a positive interrelation between openness and growth could not be found in this study. This essay is structured in four main parts. Section II of this paper deals with the fundamental comparability of Mexico and Costa Rica. Section III portrays the foreign trade policies of both countries and illustrates the main similarities and differences. The development of growth is outlined in Section IV. Section V concludes the paper.
Odyssey In International Markets
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Author : Christian Volpe Martincus
language : en
Publisher: Inter-American Development Bank
Release Date : 2010-01-01
Odyssey In International Markets written by Christian Volpe Martincus and has been published by Inter-American Development Bank this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Despite progress in communication technologies, lack of information still severely handicaps companies seeking to operate in international markets. Furthermore, the investments that these companies must make to gather the information required to trade with foreign markets may yield reduced returns and may consequently be low from a social point of view as third parties may derive benefits from this same information. Thus, lack of information may negatively affect trade, and thereby productivity and economic growth. For these reasons, firms carrying out export projects may require support to overcome information barriers. This is precisely the service that export promotion organizations provide. But, there is little evidence on how well these organizations perform this task. Export promotion is costly, and the resources used might be better employed elsewhere. In order to ascertain that these resources are, in fact, being well invested, it must be first determined whether the policy initiatives they finance have an impact on those variables that are supposed to affect, in this case, exports. Making this determination is the aim of this report. This study first makes a comprehensive analysis of export promotion organizations in some three dozens of countries and regions; and second, it provides robust evaluations, using state-of-the-art econometrics and original data sets purposely compiled, of the impacts that policies have had on export outcomes of countries and firms. Findings reported in this study suggest that trade promotion has been effective in facilitating export expansion, especially along the extensive margin. At the same time, the report points the need for further research to gain deeper insights into its relative merits.
Economic Controls And Commercial Policy In Costa Rica
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Author : United States Tariff Commission
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1949
Economic Controls And Commercial Policy In Costa Rica written by United States Tariff Commission and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1949 with Costa Rica categories.
Costa Rica Business Law Handbook Volume 1 Strategic Information And Basic Laws
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Author : IBP, Inc.
language : en
Publisher: Lulu.com
Release Date : 2018-04-30
Costa Rica Business Law Handbook Volume 1 Strategic Information And Basic Laws written by IBP, Inc. and has been published by Lulu.com this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-30 with Business & Economics categories.
Costa Rica Business Law Handbook - Strategic Information and Basic Laws
Agricultural Policies In Costa Rica
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development
Release Date : 2017
Agricultural Policies In Costa Rica written by OECD and has been published by Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Agriculture and state categories.
Costa Rica's strong agricultural sector is underpinned by the country's political stability, robust economic growth and high levels of human development. The sector has achieved significant export success, yet raising productivity and staying competitive in world markets will require efforts to address bottlenecks in infrastructure, innovation and access to financial services. Maximising Costa Rica's comparative advantage in higher-value niche products will depend upon more efficient services to agriculture, including better implementation of programmes, improved co-ordination among institutions, and reduced bureaucracy. While overall protection for agriculture is relatively low compared to OECD countries, it is nonetheless highly distorting to production and trade. Managing the transition to scheduled liberalisation presents an opportunity to reform costly policies, and to implement an alternative policy package with new investments in innovation, productivity and diversification, supported by transition assistance where needed. Costa Rican agriculture's vulnerability to extreme weather events is expected to worsen with climate change, and even while the country is among global leaders in environmental protection, sustainable development and climate change mitigation, further adaptation efforts will be necessary.
Credibility And The Cost Of Export Subsidies
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Author : Mr.Alexander W. Hoffmaister
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1991-12-01
Credibility And The Cost Of Export Subsidies written by Mr.Alexander W. Hoffmaister and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-12-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Recurring balance of payments crises in countries that pursued import substitution have led some of them to establish a variety of export incentives, in particular subsidies, as a way to revive and re-orient their economies. However, exporters are likely to be uncertain of the government’s commitment to export promotion because of the years of neglect. This paper analyzes the issue of the credibility of export subsidies and suggests that a government is able to convince exporters of its commitment only at a cost, which reduces the attractiveness of promoting exports by means of subsidies.
Trade Policy Review
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Trade Policy Review written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Costa Rica categories.