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Extending Themselves

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Extending Themselves

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Author : Graham Tipple
language : en
Publisher: Liverpool University Press
Release Date : 2000-03-01

Extending Themselves written by Graham Tipple and has been published by Liverpool University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-03-01 with Social Science categories.

Many countries have large stocks of government-built housing which, for various reasons, are in poor physical conditions and/or do not conform to the expectations of occupants. The occupants of such housing frequently make unauthorised but quite considerable changes and extensions (transformations) to their dwellings. This book examines user-initiated transformations to government-built housing in Bangladesh, Egypt, Ghana and Zimbabwe, surveyed in a research programme sponsored by the UK Department for International Development. The 1600 dwellings surveyed show how relatively low-income households are capable of supplying new rooms and services both to improve their own housing conditions and to supply rental rooms or accommodation for family members living rent-free. The new construction is often of at least as good quality as the original structures and sometime envelopes the original in a new skin. It is clear that transformation adds accommodation and services to existing housing, upgrades the housing stock, and creates variety out of uniformity. The study leads to policy suggestions to encourage transformations for the renewal of government housing. These include the provision of loan finance; the encouragement of co-operation between neighbours, especially in multi-storey housing; and the planned colonisation of open space next to the dwellings where plots are not provided. For new housing, it is clear that designs for new areas are only the beginning of an on-going development process rather than a blueprint for once-for-all development.

The Crayon Miscellany

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Author : Washington Irving
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1896

The Crayon Miscellany written by Washington Irving and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1896 with categories.

The Natural Truth Of Christianity Selections From The Select Discourses Of John Smith M A

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Author : John Smith
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1882

The Natural Truth Of Christianity Selections From The Select Discourses Of John Smith M A written by John Smith and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1882 with Christianity categories.

Bulletin Of The Torrey Botanical Club

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Author : Torrey Botanical Club
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1894

Bulletin Of The Torrey Botanical Club written by Torrey Botanical Club and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1894 with Botany categories.

Contains proceedings.