Extensible Modeling Of Compressed Air Energy Storage Systems
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Extensible Modeling Of Compressed Air Energy Storage Systems
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Author : Siddharth Atul Kakodkar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Extensible Modeling Of Compressed Air Energy Storage Systems written by Siddharth Atul Kakodkar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Compressed air categories.
There is a growing number of renewable energy sources that can supply power to the electrical grid. These renewable sources of energy are intermittent in nature and therefore the transition from using fossil fuels to green renewables requires the use of energy storage technologies to maintain and regulate a reliable supply of electricity. Energy storage technologies play a key role in allowing energy providers to provide a steady supply of electricity by balancing the fluctuations caused by sources of renewable energy. Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) is a promising utility scale energy storage technology that is suitable for long-duration energy storage and can be used to integrate renewable energy (such as Wind energy) to the electrical grid. CAES technologies can be broadly classified into 3 types: Diabatic-CAES (D-CAES), Adiabatic-CAES (A-CAES) and Isothermal-CAES (I-CAES). The author first performs a review on the different types of energy storage available today and a literature review on of CAES system level models, Turbomachinery models, and cavern models. After the gaps in literature are identified, the author then develops a flexible and extensible model of an A-CAES system, which can be used a CAES plant designer to obtain a first order thermodynamic evaluation of a particular plant configuration. The developed model is scalable, modular and can be connected to a control strategy. The model is able to capture time dependent losses and part load behavior of turbomachinery. The modeling methodology is focused around keeping the model extensible, i.e. components and their fidelity can be easily altered for the model's future growth. The components modeled are the compressor, the turbine, the induction motor, the generator, and a thermal energy storage device to the make the CAES plant adiabatic. The model is created using the Matlab/Simulinkʼ software, which is commonly used tool for modeling. The A-CAES plant model was simulated for 23.3 hours comprising of 12.47 hours of charging using a mass flow rate of 107.5 kg/s, 8 hours of storage and 2.83 hours of discharge using a mass flow rate of 400 kg/s. The maximum and minimum cavern pressures were 72 bar and 42 bar respectively. The obtained round trip efficiency is 76.24%. Additionally, the turbine start-up time was found to be 760 seconds. The compressor train average efficiency was calculated as 70%, the expansion train average efficiency was calculated as 81% and the TES efficiency was calculated as 91%. The models simulated the behavior of an A-CAES plant accurately with the compressor and turbine showing a close resemblance to their performance maps. The results indicate that Adiabatic-CAES is a promising and emerging technology. However, further research and development is required beyond this thesis; specifically, in the area of thermal energy storage and management. Finally, the author makes recommendations on how to further improve upon the achieved objectives in this work.
Methods For Design And Application Of Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy
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Author : Daniel Wolf
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Methods For Design And Application Of Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy written by Daniel Wolf and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Compressed Air Energy Storage
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Author : David S-K. Ting
language : en
Publisher: IET
Release Date : 2021-10-29
Compressed Air Energy Storage written by David S-K. Ting and has been published by IET this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A systematic overview of the state of Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) technology, covering the key components and principal types of systems in the order of technical maturity: diabatic, adiabatic, and isothermal. Existing major systems and prototypes and economics are also addressed.
Compressed Air Energy Storage Caes Ram
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Author : Harry W. Brown
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Compressed Air Energy Storage Caes Ram written by Harry W. Brown and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Compressed air categories.
Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) technology represents an economically attractive and technically proven approach to obtaining overall cost-effectiveness in power generation. A key to realizing the load-leveling benefits offered by CAES is the achievement of good reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM) performance by the system and its components. With this in mind, the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) sponsored the development of RAM models of the three generic types of CAES units: salt caverns, rock caverns, and aquifers. The objectives in developing these models were to evaluate the expected RAM performance of design alternatives, to investigate trade-offs among design parameters affecting RAM, and to develop an analysis tool for use by utilities interested in building CAES plants. This paper presents the generic models developed by ARINC Research Corporation, together with some initial evaluation results.
Compressed Air Energy Storage Preliminary Design And Site Development Program In A Aquifer
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982
Compressed Air Energy Storage Preliminary Design And Site Development Program In A Aquifer written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Aquifers categories.
Steady State And Time Dependent Compressed Air Energy Storage Model Validated With Huntorf Operational Data And Investigation Of Hydrogen Options For A Sustainable Energy Supply
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Author : Friederike Kaiser
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020-12-31
Steady State And Time Dependent Compressed Air Energy Storage Model Validated With Huntorf Operational Data And Investigation Of Hydrogen Options For A Sustainable Energy Supply written by Friederike Kaiser and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-31 with categories.
Wind power and photovoltaic energy play a significant role in sustainable energy systems. However, these two renewable energy sources do not generate electrical energy on demand and are subject to natural fluctuations. Thus, the need for compensatory measures arises. Compressed air energy storage power plants (CAES) are a possible solution to providing negative and positive control energy in the electric grid. However, in contrast to other energy storage devices such as pumped hydro energy storage or batteries, the storage medium compressed air hardly contains any energy (or more precisely: enthalpy). Yet, compressed air storage allows the operation of highly efficient gas turbines, which are not only particularly fast available but also achieve better efficiency than combined cycle power plants used today, as illustrated by the example of the modern gas and steam power plant Irsching with ηtc = 60%from 2011 compared to the 20 years older McIntosh CAES with ηtc = 82.4 %. In this thesis, the calculation methods for the thermodynamics of the CAES process are presented and validated by measured data from the operations of the CAES power plant Huntorf. Both the steady state and the dynamic (time-dependent) analyses of the process take place. The characteristic value efficiency is discussed in detail, since numerous different interpretations for CAES exist in the literature. A new calculation method for the electric energy storage efficiency is presented, and a method for the calculation of an economically equivalent electricity storage efficiency is developed. Consideration is given to the transformation of the CAES process into a hydrogen-driven and, thus, greenhouse gas-free process. Finally, a model CAES system is tested in a 100 % renewable model environment. Consequently, it can be stated that in the steady-state thermodynamic calculation in particular, the consideration of realistic isentropic efficiencies of compressors and turbines is essential to correctly esti
Design Of Optimum Compressed Air Energy Storage Systems
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
Design Of Optimum Compressed Air Energy Storage Systems written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with categories.
Compressed air energy storage (CAES) power systems are being considered by electric utilities for load-leveling application. Their economic benefit and the extent of premium fuel conservation is dependent on their design. An optimum design approach for CAES is presented. It is based on decomposition of the overall CAES plant/utility grid system into three partially-decoupled subsystems. Technical and economic models of the subsystems are used in a constrained optimization procedure. The constraints are imposed by the physical characteristics of the subsystems, by interaction among the subsystems and by the interfacing requirements imposed by the utility. To illustrate the concepts, models for the subsystem comprising the compressor train, piping, and an aquifer reservoir have been used in the optimization procedure. Results from these studies show that substantial reductions in capital cost and total operating cost can be achieved using optimization techniques.
Design And Optimization Of A Small Compressed Air Energy Storage System For Isolated Applications
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Author : Hanif SedighNejad
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Design And Optimization Of A Small Compressed Air Energy Storage System For Isolated Applications written by Hanif SedighNejad and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
In this study, a variety of practical and theoretical CAES systems are reviewed in order to show the current status of the available CAES systems. Then a small scale compressed air energy storage for small isolated wind based hybrid energy system is introduced and discussed. In order to develop a cost-effective renewable based hybrid energy system, this research investigates the optimization of each component of the system from the wind turbine to the load to deliver the required energy in the most efficient way. After finding the general control strategy for energy harvesting from the wind, the control strategy based on predictive initial working condition of the air vane motor is investigated through practical tests. A control path is developed using the implemented air motor steady state operation based on its manufacturer datasheet, and it is used to supply a fixed amount of power to the grid. A new criterion for evaluation of different energy storage system with identical power rating and storage capacity is proposed and examined during a case study and the performance of pumped hydro, battery and compressed air energy systems are compared based on the total shortage time and total fuel consumption of backup diesel generators. The Monte Carlo simulation was used in order to regenerate the wind speed data with 10 minute resolution to represent more accurate variable wind speed. The proposed Harvested Energy Index (HEI) showed the ability of energy storage systems with low efficiency in utilizing excess wind energy and reach their storage capacity. Based on the obtained results, a novel general control concept for such systems is proposed and its steady state simulation results are discussed.
Future Grid Scale Energy Storage Solutions
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Author : Ahmad Arabkoohsar
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2023-04
Future Grid Scale Energy Storage Solutions written by Ahmad Arabkoohsar and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04 with Science categories.
Energy Storage Technologies, State-of-the-arts, Thermodynamic Modeling, and Perspectives presents dynamic thermodynamic modeling of current and future energy storage technologies. Giving a detailed understanding of why both heat and electricity energy storage technologies have developed so rapidly, this reference presents the general thermodynamics that apply to main system components, as well as off-design performance maps. Discussed through a consistent framework, each chapter outlines state-of-the-art advances, benefits, challenges and detailed mathematical modeling (both energy and exergy) of each energy storage system. Chapters conclude with case study analysis, giving detailed understanding of system performance in real operational conditions. In addition, users will find discussions on future prospects for emerging technologies and solutions for future storage systems. Features all the major Mechanical and Chemical Energy Storage Systems, including electricity and heat storage Includes step-by-step energy and exergy modeling, including off-design performance modeling Provides future perspectives for technologies, describing how they will contribute to future smart energy systems
Optimization Of Turbine And Heat Exchanger Stages For The Expansion Process Of A Compressed Air Energy Storage System Fortran Computer Modeling And Simulation
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Author : John Thomas Nickels
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Optimization Of Turbine And Heat Exchanger Stages For The Expansion Process Of A Compressed Air Energy Storage System Fortran Computer Modeling And Simulation written by John Thomas Nickels and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.