Federal Flood Insurance Program
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National Flood Insurance Program Background Challenges And Financial Status
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date :
National Flood Insurance Program Background Challenges And Financial Status written by and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Levees And The National Flood Insurance Program
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2013-08-18
Levees And The National Flood Insurance Program written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-18 with Science categories.
The Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) Federal Insurance and Mitigation Administration (FIMA) manages the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), which is a cornerstone in the U.S. strategy to assist communities to prepare for, mitigate against, and recover from flood disasters. The NFIP was established by Congress with passage of the National Flood Insurance Act in 1968, to help reduce future flood damages through NFIP community floodplain regulation that would control development in flood hazard areas, provide insurance for a premium to property owners, and reduce federal expenditures for disaster assistance. The flood insurance is available only to owners of insurable property located in communities that participate in the NFIP. Currently, the program has 5,555,915 million policies in 21,881 communities3 across the United States. The NFIP defines the one percent annual chance flood (100-year or base flood) floodplain as a Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA). The SFHA is delineated on FEMA's Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRM's) using topographic, meteorologic, hydrologic, and hydraulic information. Property owners with a federally back mortgage within the SFHAs are required to purchase and retain flood insurance, called the mandatory flood insurance purchase requirement (MPR). Levees and floodwalls, hereafter referred to as levees, have been part of flood management in the United States since the late 1700's because they are relatively easy to build and a reasonable infrastructure investment. A levee is a man-made structure, usually an earthen embankment, designed and constructed in accordance with sound engineering practices to contain, control, or divert the flow of water so as to provide protection from temporary flooding. A levee system is a flood protection system which consists of a levee, or levees, and associated structures, such as closure and drainage devices, which are constructed and operated in accordance with sound engineering practices. Recognizing the need for improving the NFIP's treatment of levees, FEMA officials approached the National Research Council's (NRC) Water Science and Technology Board (WSTB) and requested this study. The NRC responded by forming the ad hoc Committee on Levee and the National Flood Insurance Program: Improving Policies and Practices, charged to examine current FEMA treatment of levees within the NFIP and provide advice on how those levee-elated policies and activities could be improved. The study addressed four broad areas, risk analysis, flood insurance, risk reduction, and risk communication, regarding how levees are considered in the NFIP. Specific issues within these areas include current risk analysis and mapping procedures behind accredited and non-accredited levees, flood insurance pricing and the mandatory flood insurance purchase requirement, mitigation options to reduce risk for communities with levees, flood risk communication efforts, and the concept of shared responsibility. The principal conclusions and recommendations are highlighted in this report.
National Flood Insurance Program
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Author : United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1974
National Flood Insurance Program written by United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1974 with Flood insurance categories.
Federal Flood Insurance Program
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Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on HUD-Independent Agencies
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
Federal Flood Insurance Program written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on HUD-Independent Agencies and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Flood insurance categories.
Affordability Of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2015-08-06
Affordability Of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-08-06 with Science categories.
The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) is housed within the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and offers insurance policies that are marketed and sold through private insurers, but with the risks borne by the U.S. federal government. NFIP's primary goals are to ensure affordable insurance premiums, secure widespread community participation in the program, and earn premium and fee income that covers claims paid and program expenses over time. In July 2012, the U.S. Congress passed the Biggert-Waters Flood Insurance Reform and Modernization Act (Biggert-Waters 2012), designed to move toward an insurance program with NFIP risk-based premiums that better reflected expected losses from floods at insured properties. This eliminated policies priced at what the NFIP called "pre-FIRM subsidized" and "grandfathered." As Biggert-Waters 2012 went into effect, constituents from multiple communities expressed concerns about the elimination of lower rate classes, arguing that it created a financial burden on policy holders. In response to these concerns Congress passed The Homeowner Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2014 (HFIAA 2014). The 2014 legislation changed the process by which pre-FIRM subsidized premiums for primary residences would be removed and reinstated grandfathering. As part of that legislation, FEMA must report back to Congress with a draft affordability framework. Affordability of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums: Report 1 is the first part of a two-part study to provide input as FEMA prepares their draft affordability framework. This report discusses the underlying definitions and methods for an affordability framework and the affordability concept and applications. Affordability of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums gives an overview of the demand for insurance and the history of the NFIP premium setting. The report then describes alternatives for determining when the premium increases resulting from Biggert-Waters 2012 would make flood insurance unaffordable.
The Status Of The National Flood Insurance Program
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on Consumer Credit and Insurance
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
The Status Of The National Flood Insurance Program written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on Consumer Credit and Insurance and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Business & Economics categories.
Fema Action Needed To Improve Administration Of The National Flood Insurance Program
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Author : Orice Williams Brown
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2011-09
Fema Action Needed To Improve Administration Of The National Flood Insurance Program written by Orice Williams Brown and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09 with Business & Economics categories.
The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) has been on a high-risk list since March 2006 because of concerns about its long-term financial solvency and related operational issues. Significant management challenges also affect the Federal Emergency Management Agency¿s (FEMA) ability to administer NFIP. This report examines: (1) the extent to which FEMA¿s management practices affect the administration of NFIP; (2) lessons learned from the cancellation of FEMA¿s attempt to modernize NFIP¿s insurance management system; and (3) limitations on FEMA¿s authority that could affect NFIP¿s financial stability. Includes recommendations. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand report.
Management And Oversight Of The National Flood Insurance Program
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Financial Services. Subcommittee on Housing and Community Opportunity
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Management And Oversight Of The National Flood Insurance Program written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Financial Services. Subcommittee on Housing and Community Opportunity and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Business & Economics categories.
Flood Insurance Manual
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Author : U. s. Department of Homeland Security
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2013-09
Flood Insurance Manual written by U. s. Department of Homeland Security and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09 with Social Science categories.
The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) was established by the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968. The Act was in response to Congress finding that: • Flooding disasters required unforeseen disaster relief and placed an increased burden on the nation's resources. • The installation of flood preventive and protective measures and other public programs designed to reduce losses caused by flood damage had not been sufficient to adequately protect against the growing exposure to flood losses as a matter of national policy. A reasonable method of slowing the risk of flood losses would be through a program of flood insurance that could complement and encourage preventive and protective measures. • Many factors made it uneconomical for private insurance industry carriers to make flood insurance available to those in need of such protection on reasonable terms and conditions. • A program of flood insurance with large-scale participation of the Federal Government and the maximum extent practicable by the private industry was feasible and could be initiated. Congress stated that the purpose in passing the Act was to: • Authorize a flood insurance program that, over time, could be made available across the country through the cooperative effort of the Federal Government and the private insurance industry. • Provide flexibility in the program so that such flood insurance would be based on workable methods of pooling risks, minimizing costs, and distributing burdens equitably among the general public and those who would be protected by flood insurance. • Encourage state and local governments to use wisely the lands under their jurisdiction by considering the hazards of flood when rendering decisions on the future use of such land in order to minimize damage. From 1968 until 1979, the NFIP was administered by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. When the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) was established in 1979, administration of the NFIP was transferred to that agency. In March 2003, FEMA became part of the newly created U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The NFIP is a program in which communities formally agree, as evidenced by their adoption of codes and ordinances, to regulate the use of their floodprone lands. In return, FEMA makes flood insurance coverage available on buildings and their contents throughout the community. FEMA has traditionally identified these flood hazard areas on maps that are provided to communities for carrying out their responsibilities. The maps are also used by insurance agents/ producers to determine rates and by lenders to determine purchase requirements.
Affordability Of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2016-01-21
Affordability Of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-21 with Science categories.
When Congress authorized the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) in 1968, it intended for the program to encourage community initiatives in flood risk management, charge insurance premiums consistent with actuarial pricing principles, and encourage the purchase of flood insurance by owners of flood prone properties, in part, by offering affordable premiums. The NFIP has been reauthorized many times since 1968, most recently with the Biggert-Waters Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2012 (BW 2012). In this most recent reauthorization, Congress placed a particular emphasis on setting flood insurance premiums following actuarial pricing principles, which was motivated by a desire to ensure future revenues were adequate to pay claims and administrative expenses. BW 2012 was designed to move the NFIP towards risk-based premiums for all flood insurance policies. The result was to be increased premiums for some policyholders that had been paying less than NFIP risk-based premiums and to possibly increase premiums for all policyholders. Recognition of this possibility and concern for the affordability of flood insurance is reflected in sections of the Homeowner Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2014 (HFIAA 2014). These sections called on FEMA to propose a draft affordability framework for the NFIP after completing an analysis of the efforts of possible programs for offering "means-tested assistance" to policyholders for whom higher rates may not be affordable. BW 2012 and HFIAA 2014 mandated that FEMA conduct a study, in cooperation with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, which would compare the costs of a program of risk-based rates and means-tested assistance to the current system of subsidized flood insurance rates and federally funded disaster relief for people without coverage. Production of two reports was agreed upon to fulfill this mandate. This second report proposes alternative approaches for a national evaluation of affordability program policy options and includes lessons for the design of a national study from a proof-of-concept pilot study.