Fertility Decline In Africa
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Fertility Decline In Africa
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Author : Etienne Van de Walle
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Fertility Decline In Africa written by Etienne Van de Walle and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Medical categories.
Fertility in Africa remains the highest in the world, the average total fertility rate for the continent is about 6.3 children per woman. So far little evidence is found of the beginning of a sustained and irreversible fertility decline in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) of the sort experienced in other developing areas. Contraceptive use is low (except for spacing purposes and outside of marriage) in sub-Saharan Africa, but there is little evidence that this is due to short supply. Reported ideal family sizes remain quite high suggesting that demand for contraception is low. Analysis of the determinants of fertility in Africa using recently available data is likely to provide new insight into the prospects for fertility decline and the design of population policy. Future analysis should focus on four questions that may be answerable using existing data, and may prove useful in evaluating policy and targeting resources : 1) what are the sources and determinants of observed fertility decline in Africa?; 2) what effects does education have on fertility, family size, and contraceptive use?; 3) what are the likely effects of increases in availability and costs of schooling, health care and family planning services on contraceptive use and fertility? and 4) how will these increases affect measures of child survival, educational attainment and anthropometric status?
Recent Fertility Trends In Sub Saharan Africa
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2016-03-18
Recent Fertility Trends In Sub Saharan Africa written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-18 with Social Science categories.
Fertility rates and population growth influence economic development. The marked declines in fertility seen in some developing nations have been accompanied by slowing population growth, which in turn provided a window of opportunity for rapid economic growth. For many sub-Saharan African nations, this window has not yet opened because fertility rates have not declined as rapidly there as elsewhere. Fertility rates in many sub-Saharan African countries are high: the total rate for the region is estimated to be 5.1 births per woman, and rates that had begun to decline in many countries in the region have stalled. High rates of fertility in these countries are likely to contribute to continued rapid population growth: the United Nations projects that the region's population will increase by 1.2 billion by 2050, the highest growth among the regions for which there are projections. In June 2015, the Committee on Population organized a workshop to explore fertility trends and the factors that have influenced them. The workshop committee was asked to explore history and trends related to fertility, proximate determinants and other influences, the status and impact of family planning programs, and prospects for further reducing fertility rates. This study will help donors, researchers, and policy makers better understand the factors that may explain the slow pace of fertility decline in this region, and develop methods to improve family planning in sub-Saharan Africa.
Changes In The Direct And Indirect Determinants Of Fertility In Sub Saharan Africa
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Author : Kiersten Johnson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Changes In The Direct And Indirect Determinants Of Fertility In Sub Saharan Africa written by Kiersten Johnson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Africa, Sub-Saharan categories.
Recent Fertility Trends In Sub Saharan Africa
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Recent Fertility Trends In Sub Saharan Africa written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with SOCIAL SCIENCE categories.
Fertility rates and population growth influence economic development. The marked declines in fertility seen in some developing nations have been accompanied by slowing population growth, which in turn provided a window of opportunity for rapid economic growth. For many sub-Saharan African nations, this window has not yet opened because fertility rates have not declined as rapidly there as elsewhere. Fertility rates in many sub-Saharan African countries are high: the total rate for the region is estimated to be 5.1 births per woman, and rates that had begun to decline in many countries in the region have stalled. High rates of fertility in these countries are likely to contribute to continued rapid population growth: the United Nations projects that the region's population will increase by 1.2 billion by 2050, the highest growth among the regions for which there are projections. In June 2015, the Committee on Population organized a workshop to explore fertility trends and the factors that have influenced them. The workshop committee was asked to explore history and trends related to fertility, proximate determinants and other influences, the status and impact of family planning programs, and prospects for further reducing fertility rates. This study will help donors, researchers, and policy makers better understand the factors that may explain the slow pace of fertility decline in this region, and develop methods to improve family planning in sub-Saharan Africa
Africa S Population In Search Of A Demographic Dividend
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Author : Hans Groth
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-05-23
Africa S Population In Search Of A Demographic Dividend written by Hans Groth and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-23 with Social Science categories.
This book examines the promises as well as the challenges the demographic dividend brings to sub-Saharan Africa as fertility rates in the region fall and the labor force grows. It offers a detailed analysis of what conditions must be met in order for the region to take full economic advantage of ongoing population dynamics. As the book makes clear, the region will need to accelerate reforms to cope with its demographic transition, in particular the decline of fertility. The continent will need to foster human capital formation through renewed efforts in the areas of education, health and employment. This will entail a true vision and determination on the part of African leaders and their development partners. The book will help readers to gain solid knowledge of the demographic trends and provide insights into socioeconomic policies that eventually might lead sub-Saharan Africa into a successful future.
Population Policies And Fertility Decline In Sub Saharan Africa Th R Se Locoh And Yara Makdessi Translated From French By Fallon M Moursund
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Author : Thérèse Locoh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Population Policies And Fertility Decline In Sub Saharan Africa Th R Se Locoh And Yara Makdessi Translated From French By Fallon M Moursund written by Thérèse Locoh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Africa, Sub-Saharan categories.
Africa S Demographic Transition
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Author : David Canning
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2015-10-22
Africa S Demographic Transition written by David Canning and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-22 with Business & Economics categories.
Africa is poised on the edge of a potential takeoff to sustained economic growth. This takeoff can be abetted by a demographic dividend from the changes in population age structure. Declines in child mortality, followed by declines in fertility, produce a 'bulge' generation and a large number of working age people, giving a boost to the economy. In the short run lower fertility leads to lower youth dependency rates and greater female labor force participation outside the home. Smaller family sizes also mean more resources to invest in the health and education per child boosting worker productivity. In the long run increased life spans from health improvements mean that this large, high-earning cohort will also want to save for retirement, creating higher savings and investments, leading to further productivity gains. Two things are required for the demographic dividend to generate an African economic takeoff. The first is to speed up the fertility decline that is currently slow or stalled in many countries. The second is economic policies that take advantage of the opportunity offered by demography. While demographic change can produce more, and high quality, workers, this potential workforce needs to be productively employed if Africa is to reap the dividend. However, once underway, the relationship between demographic change and human development works in both directions, creating a virtuous cycle that can accelerate fertility decline, social development, and economic growth. Empirical evidence points to three key factors for speeding the fertility transition: child health, female education, and women's empowerment, particularly through access to family planning. Harnessing the dividend requires job creation for the large youth cohorts entering working age, and encouraging foreign investment until domestic savings and investment increase. The appropriate mix of policies in each country depends on their stage of the demographic transition.
Age At Marriage Age At First Birth And Fertility In Africa
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Author : Charles F. Westoff
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1992
Age At Marriage Age At First Birth And Fertility In Africa written by Charles F. Westoff and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Social Science categories.
This report derives estimates from national sample surveys conducted in Africa over the past dozen years of the trends in age at first marriage and at first birth. By splicing together cohorts from the earlier World Fertility Survey and the more recent Demographic and Health Surveys, a pattern of rapidly increasing age at marriage and at first birth is depicted for some African countries, while for some others there is evidence of the beginnings of such change. The demographic significance of such changes is explained, and a model of fertility is constructed in which the role of these variables in the association between socioeconomic background factors and reproductive intentions and contraceptive prevalence is described. The units of observation are the provinces or regions of the countries based on a special data bank created for these analyses. The importance of women's education is highlighted, and the trends in educational achievement are reconstructed from these surveys over a 40-year span. The report concludes with some population policy reflections and emphasizes the potential importance of delaying the first birth by increasing the age at marriage. Population policies aimed at reducing fertility should certainly include efforts to raise the age at marriage.
Fertility Transition In The Developing World
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Author : John Bongaarts
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022
Fertility Transition In The Developing World written by John Bongaarts and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Developing countries categories.
This open access book provides an overview and analysis of the causes and consequences of the massive and highly consequential transition in reproductive behaviour that occurred in Asia, Latin America, and Africa since the mid-20th century. In the 1950s contraceptive use was rare and women typically spend most of their reproductive years bearing and rearing children. By 2020 fertility and contraceptive use in Asia and Latin America reached levels commonly observed in the developed world. Africa’s fertility is still high, but transitions have started in all countries. This monograph is the first to provide a comprehensive analysis of these trends and their determinants, covering changes in reproductive behaviour (e.g., use of contraception and abortion), preferences (e.g., desire to limit and space births) and the role of socioeconomic development (e.g., education). The role of government policies and in particular family planning programs is discussed in depth. Particular attention is given to provide a balanced assessment of several political and scientific controversies that have beset the field. As such this book provides an interesting read for a wide audience of undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and public health policy makers.
The Childbearing Family In Sub Saharan Africa
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Author : Odile Frank
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1990
The Childbearing Family In Sub Saharan Africa written by Odile Frank and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Demografia - Africa (Sud-Sahara) categories.
Sub-Saharan Africa has not joined the global demographic transition. Africa's eventual transition to fertility decline may depend more than it has elsewhere on functional changes in the family and changes in the family structure.