Final Solutions
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Final Solutions
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Author : Benjamin A. Valentino
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2013-01-19
Final Solutions written by Benjamin A. Valentino and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-19 with Political Science categories.
Benjamin A. Valentino finds that ethnic hatreds or discrimination, undemocratic systems of government, and dysfunctions in society play a much smaller role in mass killing and genocide than is commonly assumed. He shows that the impetus for mass killing usually originates from a relatively small group of powerful leaders and is often carried out without the active support of broader society. Mass killing, in his view, is a brutal political or military strategy designed to accomplish leaders' most important objectives, counter threats to their power, and solve their most difficult problems. In order to capture the full scope of mass killing during the twentieth century, Valentino does not limit his analysis to violence directed against ethnic groups, or to the attempt to destroy victim groups as such, as do most previous studies of genocide. Rather, he defines mass killing broadly as the intentional killing of a massive number of noncombatants, using the criteria of 50,000 or more deaths within five years as a quantitative standard. Final Solutions focuses on three types of mass killing: communist mass killings like the ones carried out in the Soviet Union, China, and Cambodia; ethnic genocides as in Armenia, Nazi Germany, and Rwanda; and "counter-guerrilla" campaigns including the brutal civil war in Guatemala and the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan. Valentino closes the book by arguing that attempts to prevent mass killing should focus on disarming and removing from power the leaders and small groups responsible for instigating and organizing the killing.
Final Solution
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Author : David Cesarani
language : en
Publisher: Pan Macmillan
Release Date : 2016-01-28
Final Solution written by David Cesarani and has been published by Pan Macmillan this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-28 with History categories.
Final Solution is an intelligent and thought-provoking short history of the Holocaust, by historian David Cesarani. Employing an insightful Judeocentric perspective, the book casts a fresh look upon one of history's most terrifying periods. This compelling narrative uncovers the threads of untold stories, using diaries and letters from within ghettos and camps. These precious documents, mostly in Polish and Yiddish, were previously largely inaccessible to Anglo-American scholars. By adopting a rigorously Judeocentric approach the whole narrative of the march to genocide and its aftermath, the book presents a subtly different timeline and engenders a significant re-evaluation of the how and why. Final Solution provides a powerful re-assessment of the genocide of World War II, avoiding overstated theories about the guilty. It redefines who shares the guilt, shedding light on the subtleties that contributed to such horrifying events.
Final Solutions
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Author : Richard M. Lerner
language : en
Publisher: Penn State Press
Release Date : 2010-11
Final Solutions written by Richard M. Lerner and has been published by Penn State Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-11 with Social Science categories.
The nature-nurture debate continues to stir controversy in the social and behavioral sciences. How much of human behavior and development can be attributed to biology and how much to the environment? Can either be said to &“determine&” human development? And what are the implications of each view for society? In this important study, a noted developmental psychologist contributes to this debate by confronting the difficult issue of &“doctrines&” of human development and the consequences for society of deriving political programs and public policy from them. Beginning with the premise that scientific ideas are not neutral but can be used for either good or evil, Richard Lerner considers the recent history of one such idea, biological determinism, which at times has had the backing of respected scientists, intellectuals, and political leaders. During this century, biological determinism has been coupled with political philosophies that hold that some people are inherently better than others. This has meant that certain groups of people&—Jews, Blacks, Native Americans, women&—have been stigmatized because of supposedly innate, even &“biological,&” differences, with sometimes disastrous consequences. The most notorious instance was Nazi Germany, where &“racial science,&” given legitimacy by the scientific community, became a cornerstone of the Nazi &“Final Solution.&” Meanwhile, theories of biological determinism continue to find adherents within the scientific community. Konrad Lorenz, who was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1973, was a critical figure in the development of the most recent manifestation of biological determinism&—sociobiology. Lerner examines the work of Lorenz and current sociobiologists and the implications of their claims for modern society. He fears that biological determinism may again be co-opted to serve the political agenda of today&’s reactionary politicians. In fact, Lerner notes, sociobiologists have had to face the fact that organizations such as the fascist National Front party in Britain and its counterparts in France and the United States have selectively seized upon sociobiology to fuel their notions of genetically superior and inferior races.
Final Solutions
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Author : Sabby Sagall
language : en
Publisher: Pluto Books
Release Date : 2013-10-09
Final Solutions written by Sabby Sagall and has been published by Pluto Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-09 with History categories.
What causes genocide? Through an examination of four modern genocides - the Native Americans, the Armenians, the Jews and the Rwandan Tutsis - Sabby Sagal formulates a theoretical framework for understanding some of the darkest hours of humanity. Drawing on the scholarship of a range of Marxist psychoanalysts, from the Frankfurt School to Wilhelm Reich, shows how genocides are enacted by social classes or communities that have experienced isolation and denial of human needs, prostration and humiliation at the hands of major historical defeats, or powerlessness. These denials or degradations produce severe reactions: hatred, destructiveness and an impotent rage, which is often projected onto a perceived 'other'. Through close analysis and theorising of the commonalities and differences between recent genocides, Sagal hopes to produce greater understanding of the socio-psychological rationale behind atrocities, in order to prevent recurrences.
The Final Solution
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Author : Michael Chabon
language : en
Publisher: Harper Collins
Release Date : 2013-09-17
The Final Solution written by Michael Chabon and has been published by Harper Collins this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-17 with Fiction categories.
In The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier and Clay, prose magician Michael Chabon conjured the golden age of comic books, interwining history, legend and story-telling verve. In The Final Solution, he has condensed his boundless vision to create a short, suspenseful tale of compassion and wit that re-imagines the classic 19th-century detective story. In deep retirement in the English countryside, an 89-year old man, vaguely recollected by the locals as a once-famous detective, is more concerned with his bookkeeping than his fellow man. Into his life wanders Linus Steinman, nine years old and mute, who has escaped from Nazi Germany with his sole companion: an African grey parrot. What is the meaning of the mysterious strings of German numbers the bird spews out—a top-secret SS code? The keys to a series of Swiss bank accounts? Or do they hold a significance at once more prosaic and far more sinister? Though the solution to this last case may be beyond even the reach of the once famed sleuth, the true story of the boy and his parrot is subtly revealed to the reader in a wrenching resolution to this brilliant homage. The Final Solution is a work from a master story-teller at the height of his powers.
The Origins Of The Final Solution
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Author : Christopher R. Browning
language : en
Publisher: U of Nebraska Press
Release Date : 2007-05-01
The Origins Of The Final Solution written by Christopher R. Browning and has been published by U of Nebraska Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-01 with History categories.
This groundbreaking work is the most detailed, carefully researched, and comprehensive analysis of the evolution of Nazi policy from the persecution and "ethnic cleansing" of Jews in 1939 to the Final Solution of the Holocaust in 1942.
Final Solutions
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Author : Sabby Sagall
language : en
Publisher: Pluto Books
Release Date : 2013-10-09
Final Solutions written by Sabby Sagall and has been published by Pluto Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-09 with History categories.
What causes genocide? Through an examination of four modern genocides - the Native Americans, the Armenians, the Jews and the Rwandan Tutsis - Sabby Sagal formulates a theoretical framework for understanding some of the darkest hours of humanity. Drawing on the scholarship of a range of Marxist psychoanalysts, from the Frankfurt School to Wilhelm Reich, shows how genocides are enacted by social classes or communities that have experienced isolation and denial of human needs, prostration and humiliation at the hands of major historical defeats, or powerlessness. These denials or degradations produce severe reactions: hatred, destructiveness and an impotent rage, which is often projected onto a perceived 'other'. Through close analysis and theorising of the commonalities and differences between recent genocides, Sagal hopes to produce greater understanding of the socio-psychological rationale behind atrocities, in order to prevent recurrences.
The Final Solution
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Author : David Cesarani
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2002-09-11
The Final Solution written by David Cesarani and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-09-11 with History categories.
The Final Solution clarifies the key questions surrounding the attempt by the Nazis to exterminate the Jews. Drawing on important new research, these authoritative essays focus on the preconditions and antecedents for the 'Final Solution' and examine the immediate origins of the genocidal decision. Contributors also examine the responses of peoples and governments in Germany, occupied Europe, the USA and among Jews worldwide. The controversial conversions of this study challenge many of our accepted ideas about the period.
Hitler The Germans And The Final Solution
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Author : Ian Kershaw
language : en
Publisher: Yale University Press
Release Date : 2008-05-28
Hitler The Germans And The Final Solution written by Ian Kershaw and has been published by Yale University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-05-28 with History categories.
This volume presents a comprehensive, multifaceted picture both of the destructive dynamic of the Nazi leadership and of the attitudes and behavior of ordinary Germans as the persecution of the Jews spiraled into total genocide.
Final Solutions
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Author : Richard M. Lerner
language : en
Publisher: Penn State Press
Release Date : 1992
Final Solutions written by Richard M. Lerner and has been published by Penn State Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Social Science categories.
Examines the ideas of biological and cultural determinism and discusses how these philosophical concepts were used to justify the Nazis' program of genocide