Financing State And Local Government In Brazil

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Financing State And Local Government In Brazil

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Author : Dennis J. Mahar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983

Financing State And Local Government In Brazil written by Dennis J. Mahar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Political Science categories.

Brazil's system of intergovernmental fiscal relations has, with some minor exceptions, remained unchanged for almost two decades. Economic, social and political conditions in the country, however, have undergone profound transformations during the same period. This paper investigates whether the mechanisms, established during the 1960s, for financing state and local governments are still adequate in the environment of the 1980s. The main conclusion is that they are not, and that certain fiscal adjustments are called for in order to bring resource availability at the subnational level more into line with functional responsibilities. Given the extreme intra- and interregional economic disparities prevailing in Brazil, special attention is given to the fiscal problems of governments in poorer regions. The methodology used in this report focuses attention on the extent to which the intergovernmental fiscal system has achieved and maintained vertical balance, the balance between resource availability and functional responsibilities at each of the various levels of government, and horizontal balance, the balance between resources and responsibilities at given levels of government in different parts of the country.

The Public Good And The Brazilian State

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Author : Anne G. Hanley
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2018-05-30

The Public Good And The Brazilian State written by Anne G. Hanley and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-30 with History categories.

Who and what a government taxes, and how the government spends the money collected, are questions of primary concern to governments large and small, national and local. When public revenues pay for high-quality infrastructure and social services, citizens thrive and crises are averted. When public revenues are inadequate to provide those goods, inequality thrives and communities can verge into unrest—as evidenced by the riots during Greece’s financial meltdown and by the needless loss of life in Haiti’s collapse in the wake of the earthquake. In The Public Good and the Brazilian State, Anne G. Hanley assembles an economic history of public revenues as they developed in nineteenth-century Brazil. Specifically, Hanley investigates the financial life of the municipality—a district comparable to the county in the United States—to understand how the local state organized and prioritized the provision of public services, what revenues paid for those services, and what happened when the revenues collected failed to satisfy local needs. Through detailed analyses of municipal ordinances, mayoral reports, citizen complaints, and financial documents, Hanley sheds light on the evolution of public finance and its effect on the early economic development of Brazilian society. This deeply researched book offers valuable insights for anyone seeking to better understand how municipal finance informs histories of inequality and underdevelopment.

Essays On Municipal Public Finance In Brazil

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Author : Rachel Elizabeth Gardner
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013

Essays On Municipal Public Finance In Brazil written by Rachel Elizabeth Gardner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.

This dissertation studies local public finance in Brazil, with a focus on how federal and state government policies affect local spending and revenue generation. In Chapter I, I provide a descriptive analysis of local public finance in Brazil, with a focus on local revenue generation. In addition to describing the system of public finance in Brazil from a municipal perspective, I discuss the major challenges facing local governments in Brazil and in other low and middle income countries and present the reader with a descriptive picture of local revenue generation in Brazilian municipalities using publicly available data on municipal accounting records, municipal population and GDP, and municipal revenue generation infrastructure and administration. In Chapter II, I study the relationship between intergovernmental transfers and local revenue generation in Brazil. A major consideration in designing an intergovernmental transfer system is the concern that government transfers may "crowd out" local revenue generation. While traditional public finance theory suggests that this will be the case, empirical findings often refute this theoretical prediction in favor of the so-called Flypaper Effect. I take advantage of exogenous changes to state formulas determining the municipalities' share of value-added tax resources as an instrument for endogenous transfers to estimate local revenue generation responses to transfers. I find no evidence that government transfers reduce local per capita revenue generation in the context of two states in Northeastern Brazil, contributing to the limited body of rigorous evidence finding that intergovernmental transfers do not necessarily reduce incentives for local revenue generation and that the Flypaper Effect can indeed exist in certain contexts. In Chapter III, I measure the impact of Brazil's personnel expenditure limits imposed as a component of its Law of Fiscal Responsibility, implemented in 2001. Personnel expenditure limitations require that municipalities spend no more than 60% of liquid current receipts on personnel. I measure the expenditure limit's impacts on a series of public finance outcomes by comparing changes in outcomes among those bound by the limits (those that were initially above the limit) to those just below the limit using a difference-in-difference regression framework with municipality fixed effects and controlling for state-specific flexible time trends. Chapter III adds to the large body of literature examining the impacts of tax and expenditure limits (TELs) but is one of the few to do so outside of the US context. It is also one of the few studies of expenditure limitations rather than tax limitations, as most of the US TELs are focused on limiting taxation rather than spending. While Brazil's personnel expenditure limits are generally successful in reducing personnel expenditures, municipalities seem to be substituting non-personnel expenditures for personnel expenditures rather than slowing the growth of total expenditures. At the same time, the expenditure limits seem to encourage municipalities to ease their spending constraints by increasing revenues where they can. The net effect is a small but significant reduction in deficit spending.

Fiscal Decentralization And Local Finance In Developing Countries

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Author : Roy Bahl
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2018-03-30

Fiscal Decentralization And Local Finance In Developing Countries written by Roy Bahl and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-30 with Business & Economics categories.

This book draws on experiences in developing countries to bridge the gap between the conventional textbook treatment of fiscal decentralization and the actual practice of subnational government finance. The extensive literature about the theory and practice is surveyed and longstanding problems and new questions are addressed. It focuses on the key choices that must be made in decentralizing, on how economic and political factors shape the choices that countries make, and on how, by paying more attention to the need for a more comprehensive approach and the critical connections between different components of decentralization reform, everyone involved might get more for their money.

Brazilian Finance And The External Debt Of The States And Municipalities Of Brazil

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Author : Valentim F. Bouças
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1932*

Brazilian Finance And The External Debt Of The States And Municipalities Of Brazil written by Valentim F. Bouças and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1932* with Debts, External categories.

The New Fiscal Federalism In Brazil

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Author : Anwar Shah
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1991

The New Fiscal Federalism In Brazil written by Anwar Shah and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Business & Economics categories.

This paper provides an overview of the existing state of fiscal federalism in Brazil and suggests directions for change.

Fiscal Responsibility Legislation And Fiscal Adjustment

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Author : Luiz de Mello
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012

Fiscal Responsibility Legislation And Fiscal Adjustment written by Luiz de Mello and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.

This paper discusses trends in fiscal adjustment in Brazil since the 1990s, with particular emphasis on the strengthening of institutions for fiscal policymaking, and its effect on local government finances and their ability to invest in infrastructure building and upgrading. Although fiscal adjustment, which is ongoing, has taken a toll on the government's ability to finance much-needed infrastructure investment, it is not the only culprit. A lack of budget flexibility, against a backdrop of increasing downward rigidities in current spending, also constrains the government's ability to invest. The paper argues that regulatory uncertainty in many sectors, particularly water and sanitation, in which the municipalities play a leading role, has discouraged private sector investment and that the financing of infrastructure building and upgrading goes beyond the municipal level of government. Higher-level jurisdictions are responsible for financing investment in energy and transport infrastructure, for example.

Local Government Organization And Finance

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Author : José Afonso
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015

Local Government Organization And Finance written by José Afonso and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.

This book provides a new institutional economics perspective on the evolving role of local government in a globalized and localized world. The framework for local governance developed in this book represents a paradigm shift as it argues for top down mandates on local governance to be replaced by bottom-up compacts. Furthermore the role of local government is seen as a purchaser but not necessarily a provider of local services and to serve as a catalyst in network governance at the local level for developing social capital and improving economic and social outcomes. It also traces the historical evolution of the role of local government in local governance and presents a stylized view of alternative models of local governance and central-local relations as practiced in the world. The experiences of ten developing and transition economies in local government organization and finance are reviewed to draw lessons of general interest in strengthening responsive, fair, responsible and accountable local governance. The book is written in simple user friendly language to facilitate a wider readership by policy makers and practitioners in addition to students and scholars of public finance, economics and politics.

Municipal Government In Brazil

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Author : Ivan L. Richardson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1969

Municipal Government In Brazil written by Ivan L. Richardson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1969 with categories.

The Politics Of Municipal Finance

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Author : Ana Maria Brasileiro
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1976

The Politics Of Municipal Finance written by Ana Maria Brasileiro and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1976 with Local finance categories.