Fire Behavior In Experimental Grass Fires
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Fire Behavior In Experimental Grass Fires
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Author : Darko R. Veljkovic
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Fire Behavior In Experimental Grass Fires written by Darko R. Veljkovic and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Grasses categories.
Grasslands and other types of grass dominant ecosystems account for the majority of global fire events. Under climate change towards less humid and extended hot and dry periods, vulnerability of grass dominated ecosystems to a fire is projected to increase. Fire behavior is one of the key factors for understanding fire patterns and effects. This small-scale grass-fire experiment sought to explain how fire behavior properties of two bunchgrass species respond to increase in fuel density and composition. Although the results confirmed that higher fuel load and increased percentage of cheatgrass abundance leads to the increase in total mass consumption, rate of consumption and flame length, the relation with the decrease in the burning time is less defined. The burning properties of Idaho fescue were less influenced by increase in cheatgrass presence. These results highlight that changing fire behavior due to the increase in cheatgrass abundance is species specific and that more research is needed to understand the dynamics of both cheatgrass and other invasive species on fire behavior in grass dominated ecosystems.
Grassfires
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Author : Phil Cheney
language : en
Publisher: CSIRO PUBLISHING
Release Date : 2008
Grassfires written by Phil Cheney and has been published by CSIRO PUBLISHING this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Nature categories.
Grassfirespresents the latest information from CSIRO on the behavior and spread of fires in grasslands. This second edition follows ten years of research aimed at improving the understanding of fundamental processes involved in the behavior of bushfires and grassfires. The book has been extensively revised and new case studies have been added to reflect the latest findings in research and investigations. The book covers all aspects of fire behavior and spread in the major types of grasses in Australia. It examines the factors that affect fire behavior in continuous grassy fuels; fire in spinifex fuels; the effect of weather and topography on fire spread; wildfire suppression strategies; and how to reconstruct grassfire spread after the fact. The three fire-spread meters designed by CSIRO and used for the prediction of fire danger and rate of spread of grassfires are explained and their use and limitations discussed. This new edition expands on the historical view of grassfires with respect to extensive Aboriginal burning, combustion chemistry, flame structure and temperature, spotting and spread in discontinuous/eaten out fuels, and the effect of wind in complex terrain. The case studies in the chapter "Wildfires and Their Suppression" have been updated and include the major wild grassfire events of recent years, the January 2003 ACT fires and the 2005 Wangary, SA fire. The "Myths, Facts and Fallacies" chapter includes new myths and a new section on personal safety during a wild grass fire. Of interest to all rural fire fighters and rural landholders, students and teachers of courses on landscape and ecological processes, rural and peri-urban dwellers, fire authorities and researchers.
Field Procedures For Verification And Adjustment Of Fire Behavior Predictions
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Author : Richard C. Rothermel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983
Field Procedures For Verification And Adjustment Of Fire Behavior Predictions written by Richard C. Rothermel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Forest fire forecasting categories.
The problem of verifying predictions of fire behavior, primarily rate of spread, is discussed in terms of the fire situation for which predictions are made, and the type of fire where data are to be collected. Procedures for collecting data and performing analysis are presented for both readily accessible fires where data should be complete, and for inaccessible fires where data are likely to be incomplete. The material is prepared for use by field units, with no requirements for special equipment or computers. Procedures for selecting the most representative fuel model, for overall evaluation of prediction capability, and for developing calibration coefficients to improve future predictions are presented. Illustrated examples from several fires are included. The material is a companion publication to the fire prediction manual titled, 'INT-GTR-143: How to predict the spread and intensity of forest and range fire' by R. C. Rothermel.
Estimating Wildfire Behavior And Effects
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Author : Frank A. Albini
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1976
Estimating Wildfire Behavior And Effects written by Frank A. Albini and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1976 with Forest fires categories.
This paper presents a brief survey of the research literature on wildfire behavior and effects and assembles formulae and graphical computation aids based on selected theoretical and empirical models. The uses of mathematical fire behavior models are discussed, and the general capabilities and limitations of currently available models are outlined.
The Fire Environment Concept
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Author : Clive M. Countryman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1972
The Fire Environment Concept written by Clive M. Countryman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with Forest fires categories.
Mass Fires And Fire Behavior
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Author : Clive M. Countryman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1964
Mass Fires And Fire Behavior written by Clive M. Countryman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1964 with Fires categories.
Charts For Interpreting Wildland Fire Behavior Characteristics
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Author : Patricia L. Andrews
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982
Charts For Interpreting Wildland Fire Behavior Characteristics written by Patricia L. Andrews and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Forests and forestry categories.
Fire Fuel Treatments And Ecological Restoration
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Fire Fuel Treatments And Ecological Restoration written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Forest fires categories.
Flame Characteristics For Fires In Southern Fuels
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Author : Ralph Melvin Nelson (Jr.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Flame Characteristics For Fires In Southern Fuels written by Ralph Melvin Nelson (Jr.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Forest fires categories.
Abstract: Equations describing flow in bouyant turbulent jets have been applied to the derivation of characteristics for forest fire flames. Approximate solutions are used to develop relationships for flame lengths, angles, heights, and tip velocities for fires heading with the wind and burning in calm air as functions of Byram's fire intensity. I. (Btu/ft-sec). Flame length and velocity relationships are tested with data taken during controlled burns in southern fuels and with data from the literature. Backfire data are described by the equations for calm-air conditions. Both theoretical and experimental results show that flame lengths for backfires and headfires vary as I-2/3 and I-1/2, respectively; flame tip velocities vary as I-1/3 and I-1/2.
Wildland Fire Behaviour
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Author : Mark A. Finney
language : en
Publisher: CSIRO PUBLISHING
Release Date : 2021-11
Wildland Fire Behaviour written by Mark A. Finney and has been published by CSIRO PUBLISHING this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11 with Mathematics categories.
Wildland fires have an irreplaceable role in sustaining many of our forests, shrublands and grasslands. They can be used as controlled burns or occur as free-burning wildfires, and can sometimes be dangerous and destructive to fauna, human communities and natural resources. Through scientific understanding of their behaviour, we can develop the tools to reliably use and manage fires across landscapes in ways that are compatible with the constraints of modern society while benefiting the ecosystems. The science of wildland fire is incomplete, however. Even the simplest fire behaviours – how fast they spread, how long they burn and how large they get – arise from a dynamical system of physical processes interacting in unexplored ways with heterogeneous biological, ecological and meteorological factors across many scales of time and space. The physics of heat transfer, combustion and ignition, for example, operate in all fires at millimetre and millisecond scales but wildfires can become conflagrations that burn for months and exceed millions of hectares. Wildland Fire Behaviour: Dynamics, Principles and Processes examines what is known and unknown about wildfire behaviours. The authors introduce fire as a dynamical system along with traditional steady-state concepts. They then break down the system into its primary physical components, describe how they depend upon environmental factors, and explore system dynamics by constructing and exercising a nonlinear model. The limits of modelling and knowledge are discussed throughout but emphasised by review of large fire behaviours. Advancing knowledge of fire behaviours will require a multidisciplinary approach and rely on quality measurements from experimental research, as covered in the final chapters.