Fixed Expressions And The Production Of Idioms

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Rigid Fixedness In Selected English Idioms

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Author : Teodora Hristova
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2014-09-03

Rigid Fixedness In Selected English Idioms written by Teodora Hristova and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-03 with Literary Collections categories.

Master's Thesis from the year 2008 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 3,0, University of Hannover, language: English, abstract: The central topic of the present paper are the idioms in the English language. Interesting and peculiar, they are a very important part of the lexicon and exist in every language - even the artificial languages may produce idioms. In some earlier studies on idioms it has been claimed that they are nothing more than a fixed string of words with a meaning, different from the meanings of its composite elements. Psycholinguists have lent a hand in supporting this view as well. Scholars generally have assumed that idioms exist as frozen, semantic units within a speaker’s mental lexicon in the same way that words or stings of them are represented mentally (Gibbs, 1993: 57). Thus they need separate entries in the dictionaries and have to be learned by heart and kept in mind as single words - so they appear to be nothing more than long lexemes. Idioms have been also commonly thought of as metaphors that have become fixed or fossilized over time and have become “dead” expressions in a language. Taking this into consideration, in this paper I aim at proving that idioms are not as frozen and fixed as they are supposed to be and that on the contrary, these expressions are quite “alive” - varying, changing and coloring the language. Actually long time has passed and a lot of research has been done since the time when idioms were defined as completely frozen items and kick the bucket was a representative example of a typical idiom. Idioms are no longer considered just expressions the meaning of which cannot be understood from the meanings of their constituents. During the last few decades of research many investigations in various branches of linguistics - sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics or corpus linguistics, to name a few, have proved that idioms are much more than a simple fixed string of words with own meaning. Now we know that there are quite a large number of idiomatic expressions in language, varying in their degree of compositionality, fixedness and opacity. In spite of the fact that idioms have been always considered to belong to the group of the fixed expressions, nowadays their absolute fixedness is a myth. In fact, different authors in the idiom literature give varying degrees of importance to this property. Sinclair (1996: 83) has reached to the conclusion that the “so-called ‘fixed expressions’ are not in fact fixed” and then Moon (1998: 2) put also an emphasis on the fact that “many fixed expressions ...

Idioms And Fixed Expressions Implications Of Cognitive Linguistics For The Selection Of Web Based Teaching Exercises

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Author : Dirk Steines
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2007-08

Idioms And Fixed Expressions Implications Of Cognitive Linguistics For The Selection Of Web Based Teaching Exercises written by Dirk Steines and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-08 with categories.

Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,0, University of Cologne (Englisches Seminar), course: Idioms - Cognitive and Didactic Aspect, 8 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: Idioms are an important factor in native-like discourse by an English as a foreign language (EFL) speaker. According to Fernando (1996) "the sheer number of idioms and their high frequency in discourse make them an important aspect of vocabulary acquisition and language learning in general". Many linguists claim that idioms require special attention in language programs and should not be relegated to a position of secondary importance in the curriculum. However, classroom learning of EFL is - at least in Germany - not very concerned with the teaching of idioms and fixed expressions, as analyses from current and historical textbooks have shown. This results in the necessity for the teacher to make up own exercises or series of lessons to put the teaching of fixed expressions into the curriculum. The cognitive approach to language learning provides useful aspects and implications on how to organize idiom learning in a classroom context. The aim of our paper is to use the cognitive linguistics approach towards idioms and other fixed expressions in English to analyse different homepages on the World Wide Web. In order to do this we will first present a short survey of different cognitive approaches to idioms and their didactic implications for teaching exercises. We will then go on with an analysis of six websites with respect to how the content, structure and exercises follow the implications given by the presented cognitive approaches. After a discussion of the positive and negative aspects we found on the web, we try to give a proposition on how an idiom learning website could be structured and how exercises could look like, when they try to follow a cognitive approach.

Idioms And Fixed Expressions In English Language Study Before 1800

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Author : Gabriele Knappe
language : en
Publisher: Peter Lang Publishing
Release Date : 2004

Idioms And Fixed Expressions In English Language Study Before 1800 written by Gabriele Knappe and has been published by Peter Lang Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Foreign Language Study categories.

This study represents the first critical examination of the contexts and ways in which idioms and fixed expressions of two or more words (phraseological units) such as let sleeping dogs lie, try one's luck or at hand were collected, commented upon and also analysed by English language scholars between about 1440 and 1800. The large-scale investigation surveys theoretical and practical approaches including proverb studies, treatises on rhetoric and style, foreign-language teaching, collections of phrases, bilingual and monolingual lexicography, translation, universal and philosophical language schemes, shorthand systems and English grammar books. This pioneering study is intended to contribute to the formation of English historical phraseology as a new subdiscipline in English linguistics.

Fixed Expressions And Idioms In English

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Author : Rosamund Moon
language : en
Publisher: Oxford Studies in Lexicography
Release Date : 1998

Fixed Expressions And Idioms In English written by Rosamund Moon and has been published by Oxford Studies in Lexicography this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

This book is intended for academics and postgraduate students of lexicology, lexicography, and corpus linguistics.

Idioms Through Time And Technology

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Author : Iulian Mardar
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2021-12-16

Idioms Through Time And Technology written by Iulian Mardar and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-16 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

This game-changing, reader-friendly book provides a more precise definition of idioms, along with new classifications of them. It eliminates fixed phrases such as phrasal verbs, collocations, slang, and proverbs from the class of idioms, while including two major new categories: similidioms and irony-based idiom sentences (IBISes). As a matter of fact, similidioms (basically, idioms in the form of a simile) have been there probably since the beginning of our history as being capable of speaking, but they have not been revealed, until now. Starting from the observation that the production of idioms in any language is influenced by the technological advance of society, the book takes two of the most productive lexico-semantic categories of idioms in both English and Romanian—crazy and stupid idioms—and provides, for the first time, their classification according to their topic and pattern, in an intriguing contrastive approach. Well-documented and not lacking a subtle sense of humour, the book not only opens new perspectives for researchers in the field, but will also captivate the general reader interested in finding out more about the expressions they use every day.

Idioms And Fixed Expressions Implications Of Cognitive Linguistics For The Selection Of Web Based Teaching Exercises

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Author : Dirk Steines
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2007-05-26

Idioms And Fixed Expressions Implications Of Cognitive Linguistics For The Selection Of Web Based Teaching Exercises written by Dirk Steines and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-26 with Literary Collections categories.

Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,0, University of Cologne (Englisches Seminar), course: Idioms - Cognitive and Didactic Aspect, 8 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: Idioms are an important factor in native-like discourse by an English as a foreign language (EFL) speaker. According to Fernando (1996) “the sheer number of idioms and their high frequency in discourse make them an important aspect of vocabulary acquisition and language learning in general”. Many linguists claim that idioms require special attention in language programs and should not be relegated to a position of secondary importance in the curriculum. However, classroom learning of EFL is - at least in Germany - not very concerned with the teaching of idioms and fixed expressions, as analyses from current and historical textbooks have shown. This results in the necessity for the teacher to make up own exercises or series of lessons to put the teaching of fixed expressions into the curriculum. The cognitive approach to language learning provides useful aspects and implications on how to organize idiom learning in a classroom context. The aim of our paper is to use the cognitive linguistics approach towards idioms and other fixed expressions in English to analyse different homepages on the World Wide Web. In order to do this we will first present a short survey of different cognitive approaches to idioms and their didactic implications for teaching exercises. We will then go on with an analysis of six websites with respect to how the content, structure and exercises follow the implications given by the presented cognitive approaches. After a discussion of the positive and negative aspects we found on the web, we try to give a proposition on how an idiom learning website could be structured and how exercises could look like, when they try to follow a cognitive approach.

Idioms

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Author : Cristina Cacciari
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-02-25

Idioms written by Cristina Cacciari and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-25 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

"The book draws on a lot of research, is friendly to the reader, and will be of good value to teachers." Paul Nation, Victoria University of Wellington, Australia This comprehensive, up-to-date, and accessible text on idiom use, learning, and teaching approaches the topic with a balance of sound theory and extensive research in cognitive linguistics, psycholinguistics, corpus linguistics, and sociolinguistics combined with informed teaching practices. Idioms is organized in three parts: Part I includes discussion of idiom definition, classification, usage patterns, and functions. Part II investigates the process involved in the comprehension of idioms and the factors that influence individuals’ understanding and use of idioms in both L1 and L2. Part III explores idiom acquisition and the teaching and learning of idioms, focusing especially on the strategies and techniques used to help students learn idioms. To assist the reader in grasping the key issues, study questions are provided at the end of each chapter. The text also includes a glossary of special terms and an annotated list of selective idiom reference books and student textbooks. Idioms is designed to serve either as a textbook for ESL/applied linguistics teacher education courses or as a reference book. No matter how the book is used, it will equip an ESL/applied linguistics students and professionals with a solid understanding of various issues related to idioms and the learning of them.

American English Idiomatic Expressions In 52 Weeks

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Author : John Holleman
language : en
Publisher: Chinese University Press
Release Date : 2006

American English Idiomatic Expressions In 52 Weeks written by John Holleman and has been published by Chinese University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Americanisms categories.

This week-by-week calendar of idioms will assist learners of English to understand the meanings of American idioms found in common usage. The American English Idiomatic Expressions in 52 Weeks consists of 3,300 frequently used idioms, provides concise and clear definitions of each idiom, and includes examples to show the context in which particular idioms are used.

Cognitive Processing In Second Language Acquisition

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Author : Martin Pütz
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 2010-03-19

Cognitive Processing In Second Language Acquisition written by Martin Pütz and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03-19 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

This edited volume represents state of the field research linking cognition and second language acquisition, reflecting the experience of the learner when engaged in noticing, input/output processing, retrieval, and even attrition of target forms. Contributions are both theoretical and practical, describing a variety of L1, L2 and L3 combinations from around the world as observed in spoken, written, and computer-mediated contexts. The book relates conditions of language, task, medium or environment to how learners make decisions about language, with discussions about the application or efficacy of these conditions on linguistic success and development, and pedagogical implications.

Cognitive Linguistics Between Universality And Variation

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Author : Mario Brdar
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2012-11-15

Cognitive Linguistics Between Universality And Variation written by Mario Brdar and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

“This volume takes up the challenge of assessing the present state of Cognitive Linguistics on the cutting edge between universality and variability. Claims of universality have never been explicitly articulated by cognitive linguists but studies on embodiment, motivation and cognitive processes such as metaphor, metonymy, and conceptual integration rely on general cognitive abilities and hence tacitly assume cross-linguistic commonalities. Variability within a language and across languages has received growing attention, especially in contrastive and corpus-based studies. Both perspectives are given ample space in the articles collected in the volume. “The present volume is the first to address the important issue of the position of Cognitive Linguistics between the poles of universality and variability. The editors’ insightful introduction draws compelling awareness to this as a yet unresolved question. At the same time, the fine contributions collected in the volume reflect state-of-the-art research in Cognitive Linguistics and point to innovative avenues for future research. The interdisciplinary range of subject areas, the new approaches pursued and the various methodologies employed makes this volume particularly valuable. It should be of great interest to scholars working in the fields of Cognitive Linguistics and in specific languages, particularly English and Slavic linguistics.” – Günter Radden, University of Hamburg