Rigid Fixedness In Selected English Idioms
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Rigid Fixedness In Selected English Idioms
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Author : Teodora Hristova
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2014-09-03
Rigid Fixedness In Selected English Idioms written by Teodora Hristova and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-03 with Literary Collections categories.
Master's Thesis from the year 2008 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 3,0, University of Hannover, language: English, abstract: The central topic of the present paper are the idioms in the English language. Interesting and peculiar, they are a very important part of the lexicon and exist in every language - even the artificial languages may produce idioms. In some earlier studies on idioms it has been claimed that they are nothing more than a fixed string of words with a meaning, different from the meanings of its composite elements. Psycholinguists have lent a hand in supporting this view as well. Scholars generally have assumed that idioms exist as frozen, semantic units within a speaker’s mental lexicon in the same way that words or stings of them are represented mentally (Gibbs, 1993: 57). Thus they need separate entries in the dictionaries and have to be learned by heart and kept in mind as single words - so they appear to be nothing more than long lexemes. Idioms have been also commonly thought of as metaphors that have become fixed or fossilized over time and have become “dead” expressions in a language. Taking this into consideration, in this paper I aim at proving that idioms are not as frozen and fixed as they are supposed to be and that on the contrary, these expressions are quite “alive” - varying, changing and coloring the language. Actually long time has passed and a lot of research has been done since the time when idioms were defined as completely frozen items and kick the bucket was a representative example of a typical idiom. Idioms are no longer considered just expressions the meaning of which cannot be understood from the meanings of their constituents. During the last few decades of research many investigations in various branches of linguistics - sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics or corpus linguistics, to name a few, have proved that idioms are much more than a simple fixed string of words with own meaning. Now we know that there are quite a large number of idiomatic expressions in language, varying in their degree of compositionality, fixedness and opacity. In spite of the fact that idioms have been always considered to belong to the group of the fixed expressions, nowadays their absolute fixedness is a myth. In fact, different authors in the idiom literature give varying degrees of importance to this property. Sinclair (1996: 83) has reached to the conclusion that the “so-called ‘fixed expressions’ are not in fact fixed” and then Moon (1998: 2) put also an emphasis on the fact that “many fixed expressions ...
The Calcutta Review
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1893
The Calcutta Review written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1893 with India categories.
Calcutta Review
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1893
Calcutta Review written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1893 with India categories.
Step By Step
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Author : Ana Maria Rojo Lopez
language : en
Publisher: Peter Lang
Release Date : 2009
Step By Step written by Ana Maria Rojo Lopez and has been published by Peter Lang this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Contrastive linguistics categories.
This book is a course in contrastive linguistics and translation which introduces the basics of linguistic analysis as applied to translation. Translation is presented as a problem-solving activity and linguistic analysis is proposed as a useful methodological tool to identify a wide range of translation problems. The course adopts a method which starts with the translation of words and goes up, step by step, through the different levels of linguistic structure to the level of pragmatic context. Myriad examples and a wide variety of exercises enable readers to acquire and practise some of the most common strategies translators use to solve the problems encountered at the different levels of linguistic analysis. The book aims at providing students with the theoretical and methodological tools needed to reinforce their linguistic and textual competence in the languages involved and make adequate progress along the translation process. As theoretical tools, students are given an overview of basic translation concepts and linguistic tools central to contrastive linguistics and textual analysis. As methodological tools, students are presented with a working method that, at the beginning, will allow them to grasp the principles and strategies that govern general translation, and which they could later extrapolate to specialised translation.
Calcutta Review
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date :
Calcutta Review written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
The British Log Book
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Author : BRITISH LOG BOOK.
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1840
The British Log Book written by BRITISH LOG BOOK. and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1840 with Sea stories categories.
Crossing Linguistic Boundaries
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Author : Paloma Núñez-Pertejo
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2019-12-26
Crossing Linguistic Boundaries written by Paloma Núñez-Pertejo and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-26 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Breaking away from previously rigid descriptions of the linguistic system of the English language, Crossing Linguistic Boundaries explores fascinating case studies which refuse to fall neatly within the traditional definitions of linguistic domains and boundaries. Bringing together leading international scholars in English linguistics, this volume focusses on these controversies in relation to seeking to overcome the temporal and geographical limits of the English language. Approaching tensions in the areas of English phonology and phonetics, pragmatics, semantics, morphology and syntax, chapters discuss not only British and American English but also a wide variety of geographical variants. Containing synchronic and diachronic studies covering different periods in the history of English, Crossing Linguistic Boundaries will appeal to anyone interested in linguistic variation in English.
Biomedical English
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Author : Isabel Verdaguer
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 2013-06-15
Biomedical English written by Isabel Verdaguer and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The corpus-based studies in this volume explore biomedical research writing in English from a variety of perspectives. The articles in this collection delve into the lexicographic issues involved in building an electronic database of collocations and lexical bundles, offer insight on the teaching and learning of prototypical multiword units of meaning in biomedical discourse, and view written scientific English through the lens of such diverse fields as phraseology, metaphor, gender and discourse analysis. The research presented in this book forms the theoretical and methodological foundation of SciE-Lex, a lexical database of collocations and prefabricated expressions designed to help scientists write scientific papers in English accurately. The concluding chapter on FrameNet addresses frame semantics, whose application to the cross-linguistic study of scientific language will open new and promising avenues of research in the study of specialized languages.
Noun Phrases In Early Germanic Languages
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Author : Kristin Bech
language : en
Publisher: Language Science Press
Release Date : 2024-03-01
Noun Phrases In Early Germanic Languages written by Kristin Bech and has been published by Language Science Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03-01 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
On the premise that syntactic variation is constrained by factors that may not always be immediately obvious, this volume explores various perspectives on the nominal syntax in the early Germanic languages and the syntactic diversity they display. The fact that these languages are relatively well attested and documented allows for individual cases studies as well as comparative studies. Due to their well-observable common ancestry at the time of their earliest attestations, they moreover permit close-up comparative investigations into closely related languages. Besides the purely empirical aspects, the volume also explores the methodological side of diagnosing, classifying and documenting the details of syntactic diversity. The volume starts with a description by Alexander Pfaff and Gerlof Bouma of the principles underlying the Noun Phrases in Early Germanic Languages (NPEGL) database, before Alexander Pfaff presents the Patternization method for measuring syntactic diversity. Kristin Bech, Hannah Booth, Kersti Börjars, Tine Breban, Svetlana Petrova, and George Walkden carry out a pilot study of noun phrase variation in Old English, Old High German, Old Icelandic, and Old Saxon. Kristin Bech then considers the development of Old English noun phrases with quantifiers meaning ‘many’. Alexandra Rehn’s study is concerned with the inflection of stacked adjectives in Old High German and Alemannic. Old High German is also the topic of Svetlana Petrova’s study, which looks at inflectional patterns of attributive adjectives. With Hannah Booth’s contribution we move to Old Icelandic and the use of the proprial article as a topic management device. Juliane Tiemann investigates adjective position in Old Norwegian. Alexander Pfaff and George Walkden then take a broader view of adjectival articles in early Germanic, before Alexander Pfaff rounds off the volume with a study of a peculiar class of adjectives, the so-called positional predicates, which occur across the early Germanic languages.
Cross Language Influences In Bilingual Processing And Second Language Acquisition
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Author : Irina Elgort
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Release Date : 2023-04-15
Cross Language Influences In Bilingual Processing And Second Language Acquisition written by Irina Elgort and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
A great majority of people around the world know more than one language. So, how does knowing one language affect the learning and use of additional languages? The question of cross-language influences is the focus of this book. Do bilinguals hear, understand, and produce language and meaning differently because of the languages they speak? How well can theoretical and computational models of language processing and acquisition explain and predict bilingual use patterns and acquisition trajectories? What learner, language, and context characteristics influence bilingual comprehension and production? This book provides a state-of-the-art review and critique of research into cross-language influences in phonology, lexicon, and morphosyntax, and suggests directions for future research. The interdisciplinary nature of the book bridges the gap between research on bilingualism and second language acquisition. The book will be of interest to graduate students, teachers, and researchers in linguistics and second language acquisition, cognitive psychology, and language education.