Flexibility In The Parts Of Speech System Of Classical Chinese
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Flexibility In The Parts Of Speech System Of Classical Chinese
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Author : Linlin Sun
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2020-02-10
Flexibility In The Parts Of Speech System Of Classical Chinese written by Linlin Sun and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-10 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Based on empirical data from five classical texts, this study investigates flexibility of parts of speech in Classical Chinese. The findings suggest that flexibility in a parts-of-speech system can only be fully understood by integrating a wide range of aspects. The components needed to account for it include constructions, semantics, metonymies, metaphors, pragmatic implicatures – and world knowledge as reflected within a given culture.
Flexibility In The Parts Of Speech System Of Classical Chinese
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Author : Linlin Sun
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Flexibility In The Parts Of Speech System Of Classical Chinese written by Linlin Sun and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Flexibility In The Parts Of Speech System Of Classical Chinese
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Flexibility In The Parts Of Speech System Of Classical Chinese written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Word Class Flexibility In Classical Chinese
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Author : Lukas Zadrapa
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2011-06-09
Word Class Flexibility In Classical Chinese written by Lukas Zadrapa and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-09 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book seeks to interpret the notorious word-class flexibility in Classical Chinese in a new way, based on a multi-disciplinary perspective and the theoretical background of cognitive linguistics. It focuses on the case of verbal and adverbial functions of nouns.
Flexible Word Classes
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Author : Jan Rijkhoff
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2013-08-29
Flexible Word Classes written by Jan Rijkhoff and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-29 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book is the first major cross-linguistic study of 'flexible words', i.e. words that cannot be classified in terms of the traditional lexical categories Verb, Noun, Adjective or Adverb. Flexible words can - without special morphosyntactic marking - serve in functions for which other languages must employ members of two or more of the four traditional, 'specialised' word classes. Thus, flexible words are underspecified for communicative functions like 'predicating' (verbal function), 'referring' (nominal function) or 'modifying' (a function typically associated with adjectives and e.g. manner adverbs). Even though linguists have been aware of flexible world classes for more than a century, the phenomenon has not played a role in the development of linguistic typology or modern grammatical theory. The current volume aims to address this gap by offering detailed studies on flexible word classes, investigating their properties and what it means for the grammar of a language to have such a word class. It includes new cross-linguistic studies of word class systems as well as original descriptive and theoretical contributions from authors with an expert knowledge of languages that have played - or should play - a role in the debate about flexible word classes, including Kharia, Riau Indonesian, Santali, Sri Lanka Malay, Lushootseed, Gooniyandi, and Late Archaic Chinese.
Dependency Structures From Syntax To Discourse
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Author : Hongxin Zhang
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-09-28
Dependency Structures From Syntax To Discourse written by Hongxin Zhang and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-28 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Based on the large corpora of journalistic English, this title examines dependency relations and related properties at both syntactic and discourse levels, seeking to unravel the language patterns of real-life usage. With a focus on rank-frequency distribution, the author investigates the distribution of linguistic properties/units from the perspectives of properties, motifs and sequencings. At the syntactic level, the book analyses the following three dimensions: various combinations of a complete dependency structure, valency and dependency distance. At the discourse level, it proves that the elements can also form dependency relations by exploring (1) the rank-frequency distribution of Rhetorical Structure Theory relations, their motifs, discourse valency and discourse dependency distance; (2) whether there is top-down organisation or an inverted pyramid structure at all the three discourse levels; and (3) whether discourse dependency distances and valencies are lawfully distributed, following the same distribution patterns as those at the syntactic level. This book will be of great value for scholars and students of quantitative linguistics and computational linguistics and its practical insights will also benefit professionals of language teaching and journalistic writing.
Grammaticalization Scenarios From Europe And Asia
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Author : Walter Bisang
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2020-09-21
Grammaticalization Scenarios From Europe And Asia written by Walter Bisang and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-21 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This volume intends to fill the gap in the grammaticalization studies setting as its goal the systematic description of grammaticalization processes in genealogically and structurally diverse languages. To address the problem of the limitations of the secondary sources for grammaticalization studies, the editors rely on sketches of grammaticalization phenomena from experts in individual languages guided by a typological questionnaire.
Modern Chinese Parts Of Speech
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Author : Guo Rui
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-06-18
Modern Chinese Parts Of Speech written by Guo Rui and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-18 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Classification of parts of speech in Chinese is tough due to the lack of morphological differences, and thus is short of in-depth investigation and exploration. Based on the analysis and research of nearly 40,000 Chinese characters, this book elaborates on the system of Chinese parts of speech and proposes a set of criteria on their classification, contributing to relevant theoretical and methodological studies. To begin with, it examines the common characteristics and internal hierarchies of parts of speech, as well as the relationship between grammatical functions and parts of speech in modern Chinese. Then it puts forward the criteria on the classification of Chinese parts of speech, with a descriptive explanation of around 20 parts of speech. Besides, it illustrates the statistical studies on Chinese parts of speech, offering data support and corpus verification to the criteria. Also, it analyses the system of Chinese parts of speech from the perspective of typology. Specifically, it elucidates the correspondence between syntactic positions and parts of speech, functional differentiation of Chinese word items, etc. This book will be a valuable reference to researchers and students in Chinese linguistics. Learners of Chinese will also be attracted by it.
Modern Chinese Parts Of Speech
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Author : Guo Rui
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-03-11
Modern Chinese Parts Of Speech written by Guo Rui and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-11 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
What is the essence of a part of speech? Why is it difficult to classify parts of speech? What are the bases and criteria for classifying them? How should they be classified? In doing so, how should a conversional word be dealt with? How should nomonalization be treated? These are just some of the questions answered in this book. The classification of parts of speech in Chinese is a tough job due to the language's lack of morphological differences. Based on the analysis of nearly 40,000 Chinese characters, this book proposes that, essentially, a part of speech is not of distributional type and that its intrinsic basis is an expressional function and the semantic type. Essentially, large categories such as substantive words, predicate words and modification words are classes of words classified according to their expressional functions. Basic categories such as nouns, verbs and adjectives are classes that combine semantic types with syntactical functions. In classifying parts of speech, the book pays attention not to identifying a single distributive characteristic that is internally universal and externally exclusive but to clustering the grammatical functions that have the same classification value through the “reflection-representation” relationship among distribution, expressional function and semantic type (distribution reflects expressional function and semantic type, which are, in turn, represented as distribution), thereby identifying the classification criteria. It uses distributional compatibility and the correlation principle to analyze which distributional differences represent differences in parts of speech and which do not. In this way, grammatical functions that have equal classification values are collected into one equivalent function cluster, each of which represents one part of speech. The book uses four strategies to classify parts of speech, namely the homogeneity strategy, the homomorphical strategy, the priority homomorphical strategy and the consolidation strategy. It will be a valuable reference for Chinese linguistic researchers and students as well as Chinese learners.
The Oxford Handbook Of Word Classes
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Author : Eva van Lier
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2023-12-07
The Oxford Handbook Of Word Classes written by Eva van Lier and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-07 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This handbook explores multiple facets of the study of word classes, also known as parts of speech or lexical categories. These categories are of fundamental importance to linguistic theory and description, both formal and functional, and for both language-internal analyses and cross-linguistic comparison. The volume consists of five parts that investigate word classes from different angles. Chapters in the first part address a range of fundamental issues including diversity and unity in word classes around the world, categorization at different levels of structure, the distinction between lexical and functional words, and hybrid categories. Part II examines the treatment of word classes across a wide range of contemporary linguistic theories, such as Cognitive Grammar, Minimalist Syntax, and Lexical Functional Grammar, while the focus of Part III is on individual word classes, from major categories such as verb and noun to minor ones such as adpositions and ideophones. Part IV provides a number of cross-linguistic case studies, exploring word classes in families including Afroasiatic, Sinitic, Mayan, Austronesian, and in sign languages. Chapters in the final part of the book discuss word classes from the perspective of various sub-disciplines of linguistics, ranging from first and second language acquisition to computational and corpus linguistics. Together, the contributions showcase the importance of word classes for the whole discipline of linguistics, while also highlighting the many ongoing debates in the areas and outlining fruitful avenues for future research.