Foreign Influence And Authoritarianism In The Middle East
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Foreign Influence And Authoritarianism In The Middle East
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Author : Hüseyin Ugur Sagkal
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2020-11-30
Foreign Influence And Authoritarianism In The Middle East written by Hüseyin Ugur Sagkal and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-30 with Political Science categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: Near East, Near Orient, grade: 2,0, , language: English, abstract: Democracy and the Middle East. Throughout history, those two meanings were not compatible at all. Authoritarianism, on the other hand, is something that is associated with the Middle East. Since their independence, only two countries have experienced democracy for a more extended period, Israel and Turkey. (only Lebanon had a short period of democratic stability) The democracy index shows that the Middle East is the most authoritarian region with 3.5 points. (www.eiu.com) The euphoria during the Arab Spring was as big as the disappointment and the disillusion afterward. Except for Tunisia, the situation in the Middle East did not change but got even worse. Yet, the question about the middle eastern susceptibility towards authoritarianism remains. Many variables, such as pre-colonial state structures, patriarchy, ethnicities, level of poverty, or the colonial legacy, could answer this question. The following research paper will focus mainly on the variable of foreign influence in the middle east. The Paper's thesis statement is: Authoritarian systems in the Middle East are most likely to persist with a nation's foreign power. This variable gained, especially during the Arab Spring, new attention. The western countries (USA, EU) and Russia interfered, with sanctions, military, monetary or political support for or against the regime, into the Middle Eastern nations' internal struggle.
Modern Middle East Authoritarianism
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Author : Noureddine Jebnoun
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-07-31
Modern Middle East Authoritarianism written by Noureddine Jebnoun and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-31 with Political Science categories.
While the Arab uprisings have overturned the idea of Arab "exceptionalism," or the acceptance of authoritarianism, better analysis of authoritarianism’s resilience in pre- and post-uprising scenarios is still needed. Modern Middle East Authoritarianism: Roots, Ramifications, and Crisis undertakes this task by addressing not only the mechanisms that allowed Middle Eastern regimes to survive and adapt for decades, but also the obstacles that certain countries face in their current transition to democracy. This volume analyzes the role of ruling elites, Islamists, and others, as well as variables such as bureaucracy, patronage, the strength of security apparatuses, and ideological legitimacy to ascertain regimes’ life expectancies and these factors’ post-uprisings repercussions. Discussing not only the paradigms through which the region has been analyzed, but also providing in-depth case studies of Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Iran, the authors arrive at critical conclusions about dictatorship and possibilities for its transformation. Employing diverse research methods, including interviews, participant observation, and theoretical discussions of authoritarianism and political transition, this book is essential reading for scholars of Middle East Studies, Islamic Studies and those with an interest in the governance and politics of the Middle East.
Middle East Authoritarianisms
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Author : Steven Heydemann
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2013-01-09
Middle East Authoritarianisms written by Steven Heydemann and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-09 with Political Science categories.
The developments of early 2011 changes the political landscape of the Middle East. But even as urgent struggles continue, it remains clear that authoritarianism will survive this transformational moment. The study of authoritarian governance, therefore, remains essential for our understanding of the political dynamics and inner workings of regimes across the region. This volume considers the Syrian and Iranian regimes—what they share in common and what distinguishes them. Too frequently, authoritarianism has been assumed to be a generic descriptor of the region and differences among regimes have been overlooked. But as the political trajectories of Middle Eastern states diverge in years ahead, with some perhaps consolidating democratic gains while others remaining under distinct and resilient forms of authoritarian rule, understanding variations in modes of authoritarian governance and the attributes that promote regime resilience becomes an increasingly urgent priority.
Digital Authoritarianism In The Middle East
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Author : Marc Owen Jones
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2022-07-15
Digital Authoritarianism In The Middle East written by Marc Owen Jones and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-15 with Political Science categories.
You are being lied to by people who don't even exist. Digital deception is the new face of information warfare. Social media has been weaponised by states and commercial entities alike, as bots and trolls proliferate and users are left to navigate an infodemic of fake news and disinformation. In the Persian Gulf and the wider Middle East, where authoritarian regimes continue to innovate and adapt in the face of changing technology, online deception has reached new levels of audacity. From pro-Saudi entities that manipulate the tweets of the US president, to the activities of fake journalists and Western PR companies that whitewash human rights abuses, Marc Owen Jones' meticulous investigative research uncovers the full gamut of tactics used by Gulf regimes and their allies to deceive domestic and international audiences. In an age of global deception, this book charts the lengths bad actors will go to when seeking to impose their ideology and views on citizens around the world.
Digital Authoritarianism In The Middle East
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Author : Marc Owen Jones
language : en
Publisher: Hurst Publishers
Release Date : 2022-07-06
Digital Authoritarianism In The Middle East written by Marc Owen Jones and has been published by Hurst Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-06 with Political Science categories.
You are being lied to by people who don’t even exist. Digital deception is the new face of information warfare. Social media has been weaponised by states and commercial entities alike, as bots and trolls proliferate and users are left to navigate an infodemic of fake news and disinformation. In the Persian Gulf and the wider Middle East, where authoritarian regimes continue to innovate and adapt in the face of changing technology, online deception has reached new levels of audacity. From pro-Saudi entities that manipulate the tweets of the US president, to the activities of fake journalists and Western PR companies that whitewash human rights abuses, Marc Owen Jones’ meticulous investigative research uncovers the full gamut of tactics used by Gulf regimes and their allies to deceive domestic and international audiences. In an age of global deception, this book charts the lengths bad actors will go to when seeking to impose their ideology and views on citizens around the world.
The Struggle For Influence In The Middle East
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Author : Federica Bicchi
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-02-02
The Struggle For Influence In The Middle East written by Federica Bicchi and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-02 with Social Science categories.
This collection of research papers explores the impact of the Arab uprisings on the politics and political economy of foreign aid provision in the MENA region. Contributions focus on the foreign assistance policies and strategies of key donors (United States, Europe, Gulf countries and Turkey), and on the relationship between donors and recipients of foreign aid in a select set of MENA cases (Tunisia, Egypt, Palestine and to a lesser extent Morocco). Despite widespread rhetoric among lead donors pledging to support the transformational potential of the Arab uprisings, the contributions find a more complex pattern in foreign aid provision since 2011. Among Arab donors, who have played a significant role as providers of aid to states most affected by mass protests, trends in foreign assistance reflect the competing priorities of donors, and their willingness to politicize aid provision in pursuit of their strategic interests. Among Western donors, authors find a high degree of continuity. Chapters that focus on Western donors seek to account for continuity on the part of Western governments and the EU at a moment of profound transformational potential. Two factors, bureaucratization and securitization, capture most of the explanations provided, which take into account a variety of local dimensions as well. Contributions also discuss the changing assistance environment, namely the globalization of foreign assistance, the complex bureaucratic arrangements presiding over the delivery of European and US aid, and the role of regional and international non-democracies in the provision of foreign assistance. This book was published as a special issue of Mediterranean Politics.
Democracy And Authoritarianism In The Arab World
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Author : Nicola Christine Pratt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Democracy And Authoritarianism In The Arab World written by Nicola Christine Pratt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Political Science categories.
Representing a departure from studies of Middle East politics and democratisation, this book employs theories and concepts to the study of democracy and authoritarianism in the Arab world. It examines the role of non-state actors, civil society, in the maintenance of or resistance to the discourse that underpins authoritarian politics.
Authoritarianism In The Middle East
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Author : J. Karakoç Bakis
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-03-17
Authoritarianism In The Middle East written by J. Karakoç Bakis and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-17 with Political Science categories.
Through a unique collection of essays drawn from rich case studies, Authoritarianism in the Middle East provides important insights into the ongoing instabilities of the Middle East, and the authoritarianism and democratisation processes that have led to dramatic socio-political transformations.
Persistence Of Authoritarianism In The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Ralph Myers
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2010-12
Persistence Of Authoritarianism In The Middle East And North Africa written by Ralph Myers and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12 with Africa, North categories.
Scientific Essay from the year 2009 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: Near East, Near Orient, grade: 75%, Dublin City University, course: International Relations, language: English, abstract: The region of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) appears to be an exception when it comes to the persistence of authoritarianism. Whereas most other regions in the world have embarked upon a path of democratisation, trends in the MENA appear to be adverse. Not only is the MENA's record appalling in terms of electoral democracies, but the region, on average, has not experienced an improvement in civil liberties and political rights for the last thirty years. This paper will look at two aspects concerning the persistence of authoritarianism in the region. The principal aim will be to analyse what the principle cause for the persistence of authoritarianism in the MENA is. A secondary objective will be to establish whether the term MENA exceptionalism is applicable, or whether the persistence of authoritarianism in the region can be explained through general theories on the subject. The paper analyses the reasons why scholars deem the MENA to be exceptional, and which variables they believe contribute to the persistence of authoritarianism in the region. Those arguments are then refuted, arguing instead that rentierism is the principal independent variable with regards to the robustness of authoritarian regimes in the MENA. The focus then shifts to the concept of rentierism in general and more specifically its relation to oil rich countries. Finally the paper looks at how oil poor countries also benefit from rents and how it is possible that levels of authoritarianism in oil rich countries are not hugely affected by oil price fluctuations.
The New Authoritarianism In The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Stephen J. King
language : en
Publisher: Indiana University Press
Release Date : 2009-10-28
The New Authoritarianism In The Middle East And North Africa written by Stephen J. King and has been published by Indiana University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-10-28 with Political Science categories.
Stephen J. King considers the reasons that international and domestic efforts toward democratization have failed to take hold in the Arab world. Focusing on Egypt, Tunisia, Syria, and Algeria, he suggests that a complex set of variables characterizes authoritarian rule and helps to explain both its dynamism and its persistence. King addresses, but moves beyond, how religion and the strongly patriarchal culture influence state structure, policy configuration, ruling coalitions, and legitimization and privatization strategies. He shows how the transformation of authoritarianism has taken place amid shifting social relations and political institutions and how these changes have affected the lives of millions. Ultimately, King's forward-thinking analysis offers a way to enhance the prospects for democracy in the Middle East and North Africa.