Formal Verification Of Tree Ensembles In Safety Critical Applications
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Formal Verification Of Tree Ensembles In Safety Critical Applications
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Author : John Törnblom
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2020-10-28
Formal Verification Of Tree Ensembles In Safety Critical Applications written by John Törnblom and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-28 with Electronic books categories.
In the presence of data and computational resources, machine learning can be used to synthesize software automatically. For example, machines are now capable of learning complicated pattern recognition tasks and sophisticated decision policies, two key capabilities in autonomous cyber-physical systems. Unfortunately, humans find software synthesized by machine learning algorithms difficult to interpret, which currently limits their use in safety-critical applications such as medical diagnosis and avionic systems. In particular, successful deployments of safety-critical systems mandate the execution of rigorous verification activities, which often rely on human insights, e.g., to identify scenarios in which the system shall be tested. A natural pathway towards a viable verification strategy for such systems is to leverage formal verification techniques, which, in the presence of a formal specification, can provide definitive guarantees with little human intervention. However, formal verification suffers from scalability issues with respect to system complexity. In this thesis, we investigate the limits of current formal verification techniques when applied to a class of machine learning models called tree ensembles, and identify model-specific characteristics that can be exploited to improve the performance of verification algorithms when applied specifically to tree ensembles. To this end, we develop two formal verification techniques specifically for tree ensembles, one fast and conservative technique, and one exact but more computationally demanding. We then combine these two techniques into an abstraction-refinement approach, that we implement in a tool called VoTE (Verifier of Tree Ensembles). Using a couple of case studies, we recognize that sets of inputs that lead to the same system behavior can be captured precisely as hyperrectangles, which enables tractable enumeration of input-output mappings when the input dimension is low. Tree ensembles with a high-dimensional input domain, however, seems generally difficult to verify. In some cases though, conservative approximations of input-output mappings can greatly improve performance. This is demonstrated in a digit recognition case study, where we assess the robustness of classifiers when confronted with additive noise.
Ecai 2023
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Author : K. Gal
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date : 2023-10-18
Ecai 2023 written by K. Gal and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-18 with Computers categories.
Artificial intelligence, or AI, now affects the day-to-day life of almost everyone on the planet, and continues to be a perennial hot topic in the news. This book presents the proceedings of ECAI 2023, the 26th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, and of PAIS 2023, the 12th Conference on Prestigious Applications of Intelligent Systems, held from 30 September to 4 October 2023 and on 3 October 2023 respectively in Kraków, Poland. Since 1974, ECAI has been the premier venue for presenting AI research in Europe, and this annual conference has become the place for researchers and practitioners of AI to discuss the latest trends and challenges in all subfields of AI, and to demonstrate innovative applications and uses of advanced AI technology. ECAI 2023 received 1896 submissions – a record number – of which 1691 were retained for review, ultimately resulting in an acceptance rate of 23%. The 390 papers included here, cover topics including machine learning, natural language processing, multi agent systems, and vision and knowledge representation and reasoning. PAIS 2023 received 17 submissions, of which 10 were accepted after a rigorous review process. Those 10 papers cover topics ranging from fostering better working environments, behavior modeling and citizen science to large language models and neuro-symbolic applications, and are also included here. Presenting a comprehensive overview of current research and developments in AI, the book will be of interest to all those working in the field.
Proceedings Of The 22nd Conference On Formal Methods In Computer Aided Design Fmcad 2022
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Author : Alberto Griggio
language : en
Publisher: TU Wien Academic Press
Release Date : 2022-10-12
Proceedings Of The 22nd Conference On Formal Methods In Computer Aided Design Fmcad 2022 written by Alberto Griggio and has been published by TU Wien Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-12 with Computers categories.
The Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design (FMCAD) is an annual conference on the theory and applications of formal methods in hardware and system in academia and industry for presenting and discussing groundbreaking methods, technologies, theoretical results, and tools for reasoning formally about computing systems. FMCAD covers formal aspects of computer-aided system testing.
Advances In Information And Communication
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Author : Kohei Arai
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2025-03-06
Advances In Information And Communication written by Kohei Arai and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-03-06 with Computers categories.
This book comprises the proceedings of the Future of Information and Communication Conference (FICC) 2025, held on 28-29 April 2025 in Berlin, Germany. The conference brought together leading researchers, industry experts, and academics from across the globe to discuss the latest advancements, challenges, and opportunities in the rapidly evolving field of information and communication technologies. The conference received an impressive 401 submissions, of which 138 high-quality papers were selected after a rigorous peer-review process. These contributions span a diverse range of topics, including artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, data science, networking, human–computer interaction, and more. FICC 2025 provided an engaging platform for collaboration and knowledge exchange, highlighting state-of-the-art research and practical solutions to global challenges. This proceedings book serves as a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and innovators seeking insights into the future of information and communication technologies.
Software Tools And Algorithms For Biological Systems
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Author : Hamid Arabnia
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-03-23
Software Tools And Algorithms For Biological Systems written by Hamid Arabnia and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03-23 with Computers categories.
“Software Tools and Algorithms for Biological Systems" is composed of a collection of papers received in response to an announcement that was widely distributed to academicians and practitioners in the broad area of computational biology and software tools. Also, selected authors of accepted papers of BIOCOMP’09 proceedings (International Conference on Bioinformatics and Computational Biology: July 13-16, 2009; Las Vegas, Nevada, USA) were invited to submit the extended versions of their papers for evaluation.
Knowledge Science Engineering And Management
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Author : Gerard Memmi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-07-19
Knowledge Science Engineering And Management written by Gerard Memmi and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-19 with Computers categories.
The three-volume sets constitute the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Knowledge Science, Engineering and Management, KSEM 2022, held in Singapore, during August 6–8, 2022. The 169 full papers presented in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 498 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: Volume I:Knowledge Science with Learning and AI (KSLA) Volume II:Knowledge Engineering Research and Applications (KERA) Volume III:Knowledge Management with Optimization and Security (KMOS)
Ensemble Machine Learning
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Author : Cha Zhang
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-02-17
Ensemble Machine Learning written by Cha Zhang and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-17 with Computers categories.
It is common wisdom that gathering a variety of views and inputs improves the process of decision making, and, indeed, underpins a democratic society. Dubbed “ensemble learning” by researchers in computational intelligence and machine learning, it is known to improve a decision system’s robustness and accuracy. Now, fresh developments are allowing researchers to unleash the power of ensemble learning in an increasing range of real-world applications. Ensemble learning algorithms such as “boosting” and “random forest” facilitate solutions to key computational issues such as face recognition and are now being applied in areas as diverse as object tracking and bioinformatics. Responding to a shortage of literature dedicated to the topic, this volume offers comprehensive coverage of state-of-the-art ensemble learning techniques, including the random forest skeleton tracking algorithm in the Xbox Kinect sensor, which bypasses the need for game controllers. At once a solid theoretical study and a practical guide, the volume is a windfall for researchers and practitioners alike.
Resilience Of Cyber Physical Systems
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Author : Francesco Flammini
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-01-25
Resilience Of Cyber Physical Systems written by Francesco Flammini and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-25 with Computers categories.
This book addresses the latest approaches to holistic Cyber-Physical System (CPS) resilience in real-world industrial applications. Ensuring the resilience of CPSs requires cross-discipline analysis and involves many challenges and open issues, including how to address evolving cyber-security threats. The book describes emerging paradigms and techniques from two main viewpoints: CPSs’ exposure to new threats, and CPSs’ potential to counteract them. Further, the chapters address topics ranging from risk modeling to threat management and mitigation. The book offers a clearly structured, highly accessible resource for a diverse readership, including graduate students, researchers and industry practitioners who are interested in evaluating and ensuring the resilience of CPSs in both the development and assessment stages.
Ensemble Methods In Data Mining
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Author : Giovanni Seni
language : en
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Release Date : 2010
Ensemble Methods In Data Mining written by Giovanni Seni and has been published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Computers categories.
"Ensemble methods have been called the most influential development in Data Mining and Machine Learning in the past decade. They combine multiple models into one usually more accurate than the best of its components. Ensembles can provide a critical boost to industrial challenges -- from investment timing to drug discovery, and fraud detection to recommendation systems -- where predictive accuracy is more vital than model interpretability. Ensembles are useful with all modeling algorithms, but this book focuses on decision trees to explain them most clearly. After describing trees and their strengths and weaknesses, the authors provide an overview of regularization -- today understood to be a key reason for the superior performance of modern ensembling algorithms. The book continues with a clear description of two recent developments: Importance Sampling (IS) and Rule Ensembles (RE). IS reveals classic ensemble methods -- bagging, random forests, and boosting -- to be special cases of a single algorithm, thereby showing how to improve their accuracy and speed. REs are linear rule models derived from decision tree ensembles. They are the most interpretable version of ensembles, which is essential to applications such as credit scoring and fault diagnosis. Lastly, the authors explain the paradox of how ensembles achieve greater accuracy on new data despite their (apparently much greater) complexity."--Publisher's website.
Ensemble Methods
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Author : Zhi-Hua Zhou
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2012-06-06
Ensemble Methods written by Zhi-Hua Zhou and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-06 with Business & Economics categories.
An up-to-date, self-contained introduction to a state-of-the-art machine learning approach, Ensemble Methods: Foundations and Algorithms shows how these accurate methods are used in real-world tasks. It gives you the necessary groundwork to carry out further research in this evolving field. After presenting background and terminology, the book covers the main algorithms and theories, including Boosting, Bagging, Random Forest, averaging and voting schemes, the Stacking method, mixture of experts, and diversity measures. It also discusses multiclass extension, noise tolerance, error-ambiguity and bias-variance decompositions, and recent progress in information theoretic diversity. Moving on to more advanced topics, the author explains how to achieve better performance through ensemble pruning and how to generate better clustering results by combining multiple clusterings. In addition, he describes developments of ensemble methods in semi-supervised learning, active learning, cost-sensitive learning, class-imbalance learning, and comprehensibility enhancement.