Foundations And Applications Of Inductive Probability

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Foundations And Applications Of Inductive Probability

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Author : Roger D. Rosenkrantz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981

Foundations And Applications Of Inductive Probability written by Roger D. Rosenkrantz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Mathematics categories.

Foundations And Applications Of Inductive Probability

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Author : Roger D. Rosenkrantz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981

Foundations And Applications Of Inductive Probability written by Roger D. Rosenkrantz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Mathematics categories.

E T Jaynes

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Author : Edwin T. Jaynes
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1989-04-30

E T Jaynes written by Edwin T. Jaynes and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989-04-30 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.

The first six chapters of this volume present the author's 'predictive' or information theoretic' approach to statistical mechanics, in which the basic probability distributions over microstates are obtained as distributions of maximum entropy (Le. , as distributions that are most non-committal with regard to missing information among all those satisfying the macroscopically given constraints). There is then no need to make additional assumptions of ergodicity or metric transitivity; the theory proceeds entirely by inference from macroscopic measurements and the underlying dynamical assumptions. Moreover, the method of maximizing the entropy is completely general and applies, in particular, to irreversible processes as well as to reversible ones. The next three chapters provide a broader framework - at once Bayesian and objective - for maximum entropy inference. The basic principles of inference, including the usual axioms of probability, are seen to rest on nothing more than requirements of consistency, above all, the requirement that in two problems where we have the same information we must assign the same probabilities. Thus, statistical mechanics is viewed as a branch of a general theory of inference, and the latter as an extension of the ordinary logic of consistency. Those who are familiar with the literature of statistics and statistical mechanics will recognize in both of these steps a genuine 'scientific revolution' - a complete reversal of earlier conceptions - and one of no small significance.

E T Jaynes Papers On Probability Statistics And Statistical Physics

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Author : R.D. Rosenkrantz
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

E T Jaynes Papers On Probability Statistics And Statistical Physics written by R.D. Rosenkrantz and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Mathematics categories.

The first six chapters of this volume present the author's 'predictive' or information theoretic' approach to statistical mechanics, in which the basic probability distributions over microstates are obtained as distributions of maximum entropy (Le. , as distributions that are most non-committal with regard to missing information among all those satisfying the macroscopically given constraints). There is then no need to make additional assumptions of ergodicity or metric transitivity; the theory proceeds entirely by inference from macroscopic measurements and the underlying dynamical assumptions. Moreover, the method of maximizing the entropy is completely general and applies, in particular, to irreversible processes as well as to reversible ones. The next three chapters provide a broader framework - at once Bayesian and objective - for maximum entropy inference. The basic principles of inference, including the usual axioms of probability, are seen to rest on nothing more than requirements of consistency, above all, the requirement that in two problems where we have the same information we must assign the same probabilities. Thus, statistical mechanics is viewed as a branch of a general theory of inference, and the latter as an extension of the ordinary logic of consistency. Those who are familiar with the literature of statistics and statistical mechanics will recognize in both of these steps a genuine 'scientific revolution' - a complete reversal of earlier conceptions - and one of no small significance.

Optimum Inductive Methods

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Author : R. Festa
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09

Optimum Inductive Methods written by R. Festa and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Philosophy categories.

This book deals with a basic problem arising within the Bayesian approach 1 to scientific methodology, namely the choice of prior probabilities. The problem will be considered with special reference to some inference methods used within Bayesian statistics (BS) and the so-called theory of inductive 2 probabilities (T/P). In this study an important role will be played by the assumption - defended by Sir Karl Popper and the supporters of the current verisimilitude theory (VT) - that the cognitive goal of science is the achievement of a high degree of truthlikeness or verisimilitude. A more detailed outline of the issues and objectives of the book is given in Section 1. In Section 2 the historical background of the Bayesian approach and the verisimilitude theory is briefly illustrated. In Section 3, the methods used in TIP and BS for making multinomial inference~ are considered and some conceptual relationships between TIP and BS are pointed out. In Section 4 the main lines of a new approach to the problem of the choice of prior probabilities are illustrated. Lastly, in Section 5 >the structure of the book is described and a first explanation of some technical terms is provided.

Structural Reliabilism

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Author : P. Kawalec
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Structural Reliabilism written by P. Kawalec and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Philosophy categories.

Kawalec's monograph is a novel defence of the programme of inductive logic, developed initially by Rudolf Carnap in the 1950s and Jaakko Hintikka in the 1960s. It revives inductive logic by bringing out the underlying epistemology. The main strength of the work is its link between inductive logic and contemporary discussions of epistemology. Through this perspective the author succeeds to shed new light on the significance of inductive logic. The resulting structural reliabilist theory propounds the view that justification supervenes on syntactic and semantic properties of sentences as justification-bearers. The claim is made that this sets up a genuine alternative to the prevailing theories of justification. Kawalec substantiates this claim by confronting structural reliabilism with a number of epistemological problems. Kawalec writes in a clear manner, makes his theses and arguments explicit, and gives ample bibliographical references.

Fundamentals Of Bayesian Epistemology 2

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Author : Michael G. Titelbaum
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2022-04-14

Fundamentals Of Bayesian Epistemology 2 written by Michael G. Titelbaum and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-14 with Philosophy categories.

Bayesian ideas have recently been applied across such diverse fields as philosophy, statistics, economics, psychology, artificial intelligence, and legal theory. Fundamentals of Bayesian Epistemology examines epistemologists' use of Bayesian probability mathematics to represent degrees of belief. Michael G. Titelbaum provides an accessible introduction to the key concepts and principles of the Bayesian formalism, enabling the reader both to follow epistemological debates and to see broader implications Volume 1 begins by motivating the use of degrees of belief in epistemology. It then introduces, explains, and applies the five core Bayesian normative rules: Kolmogorov's three probability axioms, the Ratio Formula for conditional degrees of belief, and Conditionalization for updating attitudes over time. Finally, it discusses further normative rules (such as the Principal Principle, or indifference principles) that have been proposed to supplement or replace the core five. Volume 2 gives arguments for the five core rules introduced in Volume 1, then considers challenges to Bayesian epistemology. It begins by detailing Bayesianism's successful applications to confirmation and decision theory. Then it describes three types of arguments for Bayesian rules, based on representation theorems, Dutch Books, and accuracy measures. Finally, it takes on objections to the Bayesian approach and alternative formalisms, including the statistical approaches of frequentism and likelihoodism.

Handbook Of The Logic Of Argument And Inference

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Author : R.H. Johnson
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2002-09-11

Handbook Of The Logic Of Argument And Inference written by R.H. Johnson and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-09-11 with Computers categories.

The Handbook of the Logic of Argument and Inference is an authoritative reference work in a single volume, designed for the attention of senior undergraduates, graduate students and researchers in all the leading research areas concerned with the logic of practical argument and inference. After an introductory chapter, the role of standard logics is surveyed in two chapters. These chapters can serve as a mini-course for interested readers, in deductive and inductive logic, or as a refresher. Then follow two chapters of criticism; one the internal critique and the other the empirical critique. The first deals with objections to standard logics (as theories of argument and inference) arising from the research programme in philosophical logic. The second canvasses criticisms arising from work in cognitive and experimental psychology. The next five chapters deal with developments in dialogue logic, interrogative logic, informal logic, probability logic and artificial intelligence. The last chapter surveys formal approaches to practical reasoning and anticipates possible future developments. Taken as a whole the Handbook is a single-volume indication of the present state of the logic of argument and inference at its conceptual and theoretical best. Future editions will periodically incorporate significant new developments.

Internalism And Epistemology

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Author : Timothy McGrew
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2007-01-24

Internalism And Epistemology written by Timothy McGrew and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-24 with Philosophy categories.

Aims to address some key criticisms of internalism and shows that they do not hit their mark. This work articulates a version of a central objection to externalism. It is is useful for scholars with an interest in epistemology.

Epsa Epistemology And Methodology Of Science

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Author : Mauricio Suárez
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-01-14

Epsa Epistemology And Methodology Of Science written by Mauricio Suárez and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-14 with Science categories.

These volumes collect a selection of papers presented at the Founding Conference of the European Philosophy of Science Association meeting in Madrid. The volumes provide an excellent overview of the state of the art in philosophy of science as practised nowadays in different European countries.