Foundations Of Language A Biological Paradigm
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Foundations Of Language A Biological Paradigm
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Author : Ashraf Bhat
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2011-10-11
Foundations Of Language A Biological Paradigm written by Ashraf Bhat and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-11 with Science categories.
Many people have argued that the evolution of the human language faculty cannot be explained by Darwinian natural selection. Chomsky and Gould have suggested that language may have evolved as the by-product of selection for other abilities or as a consequence of as-yet unknown laws of growth and form. Others have argued that a biological specialization for grammar is incompatible with every tenet of Darwinian theory, that it shows no genetic variation, could not exist in any intermediate forms, confers no selective advantage, and would require more evolutionary time and genomic space than is available. We examine these arguments and show that they depend on inaccurate assumptions about biology or language or both. Evolutionary theory offers clear criteria for when a trait should be attributed to natural selection: complex design for some function, and the absence of alternative processes capable of explaining such complexity. Human language meets this criterion: grammar is a complex mechanism tailored to the transmission of propositional structures through a serial interface. Autonomous and arbitrary grammatical phenomena have been offered as counterexamples to the position that language is an adaptation, but this reasoning is unsound: communication protocols depend on arbitrary conventions that are adaptive as long as they are shared. Consequently, language acquisition in the child should systematically differ from language evolution in the species and attempts to analogize them are misleading. Reviewing other arguments and data, we conclude that there is every reason to believe that a specialization for grammar evolved by a conventional neo-Darwinian process. All human societies have language. As far as we know they always did; language was not invented by some groups and spread to others like agriculture or the alphabet. All languages are complex computational systems employing the same basic kinds of rules and representations, with no notable correlation with technological progress: the grammars of industrial societies are no more complex than the grammars of hunter-gatherers. Within societies, individual humans are proficient language users regardless of intelligence, social status, or level of education. Children are fluent speakers of complex grammatical sentences by the age of three, without benefit of formal instruction. [...]
Language Comprehension A Biological Perspective
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Author : Angela D. Friederici
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Language Comprehension A Biological Perspective written by Angela D. Friederici and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Language comprehension and production is a uniquely human capability. We know little about the evolution of language as a human trait, possibly because our direct ancestors lived several million years ago. This fact certainly impedes the desirable advances in the biological basis of any theory of language evolution. Our knowledge about language as an existing species-specific biological sys tem, however, has advanced dramatically over the last two decades. New experi mental techniques have allowed the investigation of language and language use within the methodological framework of the natural sciences. The present book provides an overview of the experimental research in the area of language com prehension in particular. A biological perspective on language appears to be the common ground for all the contributors. Their research view is based on the conviction that knowledge about the language system can be gained on the basis of empirical research guided by modifiable theories. Each of the contributors reports and discusses the relevant work in hers or his specific field of research. Each of the nine chapters in this book focuses on a different level or aspect of language comprehension thereby covering the level of input processes and word recognition, the level of sentence processing as well as the level of text processing. Aspects of structural representation, and access to this representation are also discussed. One chapter finally attempts to describe the neurobiological basis of the different aspects of the language compre hension process.
The Oxford Handbook Of Language Evolution
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Author : Maggie Tallerman
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2012
The Oxford Handbook Of Language Evolution written by Maggie Tallerman and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Leading scholars present critical accounts of every aspect of the field, including work in animal behaviour; anatomy, genetics and neurology; the prehistory of language; the development of our uniquely linguistic species; and language creation, transmission, and change.
Darwinian Biolinguistics
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Author : Antonino Pennisi
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-12-15
Darwinian Biolinguistics written by Antonino Pennisi and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-12-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book proposes a radically evolutionary approach to biolinguistics that consists in considering human language as a form of species-specific intelligence entirely embodied in the corporeal structures of Homo sapiens. The book starts with a historical reconstruction of two opposing biolinguistic models: the Chomskian Biolinguistic Model (CBM) and the Darwinian Biolinguistic Model (DBM). The second part compares the two models and develops into a complete reconsideration of the traditional biolinguistic issues in an evolutionary perspective, highlighting their potential influence on the paradigm of biologically oriented cognitive science. The third part formulates the philosophical, evolutionary and experimental basis of an extended theory of linguistic performativity within a naturalistic perspective of pragmatics of verbal language. The book proposes a model in which the continuity between human and non-human primates is linked to the gradual development of the articulatory and neurocerebral structures, and to a kind of prelinguistic pragmatics which characterizes the common nature of social learning. In contrast, grammatical, semantic and pragmatic skills that mark the learning of historical-natural languages are seen as a rapid acceleration of cultural evolution. The book makes clear that this acceleration will not necessarily favour the long-term adaptations for Homo sapiens.
Biological Foundations And Origin Of Syntax
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Author : Derek Bickerton
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2023-09-19
Biological Foundations And Origin Of Syntax written by Derek Bickerton and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-19 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Interdisciplinary perspectives on the evolutionary and biological roots of syntax, describing current research on syntax in fields ranging from linguistics to neurology. Syntax is arguably the most human-specific aspect of language. Despite the proto-linguistic capacities of some animals, syntax appears to be the last major evolutionary transition in humans that has some genetic basis. Yet what are the elements to a scenario that can explain such a transition? In this book, experts from linguistics, neurology and neurobiology, cognitive psychology, ecology and evolutionary biology, and computer modeling address this question. Unlike most previous work on the evolution of language, Biological Foundations and Origin of Syntax follows through on a growing consensus among researchers that language can be profitably separated into a number of related and interacting but largely autonomous functions, each of which may have a distinguishable evolutionary history and neurological base. The contributors argue that syntax is such a function.The book describes the current state of research on syntax in different fields, with special emphasis on areas in which the findings of particular disciplines might shed light on problems faced by other disciplines. It defines areas where consensus has been established with regard to the nature, infrastructure, and evolution of the syntax of natural languages; summarizes and evaluates contrasting approaches in areas that remain controversial; and suggests lines for future research to resolve at least some of these disputed issues. Contributors Andrea Baronchelli, Derek Bickerton, Dorothy V. M. Bishop, Denis Bouchard, Robert Boyd, Jens Brauer, Ted Briscoe, David Caplan, Nick Chater, Morten H. Christiansen, Terrence W.Deacon, Francesco d'Errico, Anna Fedor, Julia Fischer, Angela D. Friederici, Tom Givón, Thomas Griffiths, Balázs Gulyás, Peter Hagoort, Austin Hilliard, James R. Hurford, Péter Ittzés, Gerhard Jäger, Herbert Jäger, Edith Kaan, Simon Kirby, Natalia L. Komarova, Tatjana Nazir, Frederick Newmeyer, Kazuo Okanoya, Csaba Plèh, Peter J. Richerson, Luigi Rizzi, Wolf Singer, Mark Steedman, Luc Steels, Szabolcs Számadó, Eörs Szathmáry, Maggie Tallerman, Jochen Triesch, Stephanie Ann White
Fundamentals Of Psycholinguistics
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Author : Eva M. Fernández
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2010-12-21
Fundamentals Of Psycholinguistics written by Eva M. Fernández and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-21 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Introducing the fundamental issues in psycholinguistics, this book explores the amazing story of the unconscious processes that take place when humans use language. It is an ideal text for undergraduates taking a first course in the study of language. Topics covered include the biological foundations of language; acquisition of first and second languages in children and adults; the mental lexicon; and speech production, perception, and processing Structured as an engaging narrative that takes the reader from an idea in the mind of a speaker to its comprehension in the mind of the hearer Reflects the latest empirical developments in psycholinguistics, and is illustrated throughout with examples from bilingual as well as monolingual language processing, second language acquisition, and sign languages Student-friendly features include chapter-by-chapter study questions and discussion summaries; the appendix offers an excellent overview of experimental designs in psycholinguistics, and prepares students for their own research Written by an internationally-regarded author team, drawing on forty years of experience in teaching psycholinguistics
The Biology Of Language Under A Minimalist Lens Promises Achievements And Limits
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Author : Antonio Benítez-Burraco
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-03-30
The Biology Of Language Under A Minimalist Lens Promises Achievements And Limits written by Antonio Benítez-Burraco and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-30 with Science categories.
Time A Bibliographic Guide
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Author : Samuel L. Macey
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-10-10
Time A Bibliographic Guide written by Samuel L. Macey and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-10 with Philosophy categories.
Originally published in 1991. A multidisciplinary guide in the form of a bibliography of selected time-related books and articles divided into 25 existing academic disciplines and about 100 subdisciplines which have a wide application to time studies.
The Evolution Of Childhood
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Author : Melvin Konner
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2011-11-30
The Evolution Of Childhood written by Melvin Konner and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-30 with Science categories.
This book is an intellectual tour de force: a comprehensive Darwinian interpretation of human development. Looking at the entire range of human evolutionary history, Melvin Konner tells the compelling and complex story of how cross-cultural and universal characteristics of our growth from infancy to adolescence became rooted in genetically inherited characteristics of the human brain. All study of our evolution starts with one simple truth: human beings take an extraordinarily long time to grow up. What does this extended period of dependency have to do with human brain growth and social interactions? And why is play a sign of cognitive complexity, and a spur for cultural evolution? As Konner explores these questions, and topics ranging from bipedal walking to incest taboos, he firmly lays the foundations of psychology in biology. As his book eloquently explains, human learning and the greatest human intellectual accomplishments are rooted in our inherited capacity for attachments to each other. In our love of those we learn from, we find our way as individuals and as a species. Never before has this intersection of the biology and psychology of childhood been so brilliantly described. "Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution," wrote Dobzhansky. In this remarkable book, Melvin Konner shows that nothing in childhood makes sense except in the light of evolution.
G H Mead S Concept Of Rationality
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Author : W. Kang
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2019-07-22
G H Mead S Concept Of Rationality written by W. Kang and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-22 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
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