Foundations Of System Theory Finitary And Infinitary Conditions
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Foundations Of System Theory Finitary And Infinitary Conditions
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Author : Brian D.O. Anderson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Foundations Of System Theory Finitary And Infinitary Conditions written by Brian D.O. Anderson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper is one of a series in which the ideas of category theory are applied to problems of system theory. As with the three principal earlier papers, [1-3], the emphasis is on study of the realization problem, or the problem of associating with an input-output description of a system an internal description with something analogous to a state-space. In this paper, several sorts of machines will be discussed, which arrange themselves in the following hierarchy: Input process Machine Output process (Tree automaton) Machine ~ ~ State-behavior Machine I Adjoint Machine .(Sequential Machine) ., I Decomposable Machine (Linear System, Group Machine) Each member of the hierarchy includes members below it; examples are included in parentheaes, and each example is at its lowest possible point in the hierarchy. There are contrived examples of output process machines and IV state-behavior machines which are not adjoint machines [3], but as yet, no examples with the accepted stature of linear systems [4], group machines [5, 6], sequential machines [7, Ch. 2], and tree automata [7, Ch. 4].
Some Aspects Of The Foundations Of General Equilibrium Theory
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Author : P.J. Kalman
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Some Aspects Of The Foundations Of General Equilibrium Theory written by P.J. Kalman and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.
In a wide number of economic problems the equilibrium values of the variables can be regarded as solutions of a parametrized constrained maximization problem. This occurs in static as well as dynamic models; in the latter case the choice variables are often paths in certain function spaces and thus can be regarded as points in infinite dimensional spaces. It is sometimes possible to determine qualitative properties of the solutions with respect to changes in the parameters of the model. The study of such properties is often called comparative statics; [15], [2], and [10]. Certain comparative static properties of the maxima have proven to be of particular importance for economic theory, since the works of Slutsky, Hicks, and Samuelson [15]: they have been for- lated in terms of synunetry and negative semidefiniteness of a matrix, called the Slutsky-Hicks-Samuelson matrix. A discussion of this matrix and its applications is given in Section 1. The study of these properties in economic theory, however, has so far been restricted to static models where the choice variable and the parameters are elements in Euclidean spaces, and where there is only one constraint.
Foundations Of Non Stationary Dynamic Programming With Discrete Time Parameter
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Author : K. Hinderer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Foundations Of Non Stationary Dynamic Programming With Discrete Time Parameter written by K. Hinderer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.
The present work is an extended version of a manuscript of a course which the author taught at the University of Hamburg during summer 1969. The main purpose has been to give a rigorous foundation of stochastic dynamic programming in a manner which makes the theory easily applicable to many different practical problems. We mention the following features which should serve our purpose. a) The theory is built up for non-stationary models, thus making it possible to treat e.g. dynamic programming under risk, dynamic programming under uncertainty, Markovian models, stationary models, and models with finite horizon from a unified point of view. b) We use that notion of optimality (p-optimality) which seems to be most appropriate for practical purposes. c) Since we restrict ourselves to the foundations, we did not include practical problems and ways to their numerical solution, but we give (cf.section 8) a number of problems which show the diversity of structures accessible to non stationary dynamic programming. The main sources were the papers of Blackwell (65), Strauch (66) and Maitra (68) on stationary models with general state and action spaces and the papers of Dynkin (65), Hinderer (67) and Sirjaev (67) on non-stationary models. A number of results should be new, whereas most theorems constitute extensions (usually from stationary models to non-stationary models) or analogues to known results.
Convexity And Duality In Optimization
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Author : Jacob Ponstein
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Convexity And Duality In Optimization written by Jacob Ponstein and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.
The analysis and optimization of convex functions have re ceived a great deal of attention during the last two decades. If we had to choose two key-words from these developments, we would retain the concept of ~ubdi66~e~ and the duality theo~y. As it usual in the development of mathematical theories, people had since tried to extend the known defi nitions and properties to new classes of functions, including the convex ones. For what concerns the generalization of the notion of subdifferential, tremendous achievements have been carried out in the past decade and any rna·· thematician who is faced with a nondifferentiable nonconvex function has now a panoply of generalized subdifferentials or derivatives at his disposal. A lot remains to be done in this area, especially concerning vecto~-valued functions ; however we think the golden age for these researches is behind us. Duality theory has also fascinated many mathematicians since the underlying mathematical framework has been laid down in the context of Convex Analysis. The various duality schemes which have emerged in the re cent years, despite of their mathematical elegance, have not always proved as powerful as expected.
Coalition Formation By Sophisticated Players
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Author : A. Rapoport
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Coalition Formation By Sophisticated Players written by A. Rapoport and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.
The three major aims of the present study were to (a) test some of the major game-theoretic solutions for n-person games in characteristic function form with data obtained from "rational" players; (b) locate, assess, and explain differences between sophisticated and naive subjects in coalition frequencies and payoff disbursements; and (c) provide a common data base for bargaining process analyses and testing of both present and future models. To this end, five quartets of subjects each partici pated in 16 different coalition formation tasks presented as computer-controlled, four-person, characteristic function games with sidepayments. All 20 subjects (a) were relatively mathematically sophisticated, (b) were familiar with the major solution concepts for characteristic function games, (c) could safely assume that their co-players were equally sophisticated and knowledgeable, and (d) possessed a high motivation to maximize reward. The results showed that (a) sophisticated players are less restricted than naive players in coalition choice, (b) their payoffs are less variable and less ~galitarian, (c) these differences between the two populations of sub jects increase with the complexity of the game, and (d) for III the four-person, mDstly non-superadditive games played in the present experiment, the bargaining set M~i) accounts more accurately for payoff disbursements than do the competitive bargaining set H~i), the kernel K, and Selten's equal share analysis.
Nondifferentiable Optimization Motivations And Applications
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Author : Vladimir F. Demyanov
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
Nondifferentiable Optimization Motivations And Applications written by Vladimir F. Demyanov and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Business & Economics categories.
The International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in Laxenburg, Austria, has been involved in research on nondifferentiable optimization since 1976. IIASA-based East-West cooperation in this field has been very productive, leading to many important theoretical, algorithmic and applied results. Nondifferentiable optimi zation has now become a recognized and rapidly developing branch of mathematical programming. To continue this tradition, and to review recent developments in this field, IIASA held a Workshop on Nondifferentiable Optimization in Sopron (Hungary) in September 1964. The aims of the Workshop were: 1. To discuss the state-of-the-art of nondifferentiable optimization (NDO), its origins and motivation; 2. To compare-various algorithms; 3. To evaluate existing mathematical approaches, their applications and potential; 4. To extend and deepen industrial and other applications of NDO. The following topics were considered in separate sessions: General motivation for research in NDO: nondifferentiability in applied problems, nondifferentiable mathematical models. Numerical methods for solving nondifferentiable optimization problems, numerical experiments, comparisons and software. Nondifferentiable analysis: various generalizations of the concept of subdifferen tials. Industrial and other applications. This volume contains selected papers presented at the Workshop. It is divided into four sections, based on the above topics: I. Concepts in Nonsmooth Analysis II. Multicriteria Optimization and Control Theory III. Algorithms and Optimization Methods IV. Stochastic Programming and Applications We would like to thank the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, particularly Prof. V. Kaftanov and Prof. A.B. Kurzhanski, for their support inorganiz ing this meeting.
Bayesian Full Information Analysis Of Simultaneous Equation Models Using Integration By Monte Carlo
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Author : L. Bauwens
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Bayesian Full Information Analysis Of Simultaneous Equation Models Using Integration By Monte Carlo written by L. Bauwens and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.
In their review of the "Bayesian analysis of simultaneous equation systems", Dr~ze and Richard (1983) - hereafter DR - express the following viewpoint about the present state of development of the Bayesian full information analysis of such sys tems i) the method allows "a flexible specification of the prior density, including well defined noninformative prior measures"; ii) it yields "exact finite sample posterior and predictive densities". However, they call for further developments so that these densities can be eval uated through 'numerical methods, using an integrated software packa~e. To that end, they recommend the use of a Monte Carlo technique, since van Dijk and Kloek (1980) have demonstrated that "the integrations can be done and how they are done". In this monograph, we explain how we contribute to achieve the developments suggested by Dr~ze and Richard. A basic idea is to use known properties of the porterior density of the param eters of the structural form to design the importance functions, i. e. approximations of the posterior density, that are needed for organizing the integrations.
Dynamic Games And Applications In Economics
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Author : Tamer Başar
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1986-03
Dynamic Games And Applications In Economics written by Tamer Başar and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986-03 with Business & Economics categories.
This volume contains eleven articles which deal with different aspects of dynaoic and differential game theory and its applications in economic modeling and decision making. All but one of these were presented as invited papers in special sessions I organized at the 7th Annual Conference on Economic Dynamics and Control in London, England, during the period June 26-28, 1985. The first article, which comprises Chapter 1, provides a general introduction to the topic of dynamic and differential game theory, discusses various noncooperative equilibrium solution concepts, includ ing Nash, Stackelberg, and Consistent Conjectural Variations equilibria, and a number of issues such as feedback and time-consistency. The second chapter deals with the role of information in Nash equilibria and the role of leadership in Stackelberg problems. A special type of a Stackelberg problem is the one in which one dominant player (leader) acquires dynamic information involving the actions of the others (followers), and constructs policies (so-called incentives) which enforce a certain type of behavior on the followers; Chapter 3 deals with such a class of problems and presents some new theoretical results on the existence of affine incentive policies. The topic of Chapter 4 is the computation of equilibria in discounted stochastic dynamic games. Here, for problems with finite state and decision spaces, existing algorithms are reviewed, with a comparative study of their speeds of convergence, and a new algorithm for the computation of nonzero-sum game equilibria is presented.
Fuzzy Relational Calculus Theory Applications And Software With Cd Rom
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Author : Yordan Kostadinov Kyosev
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2005-01-06
Fuzzy Relational Calculus Theory Applications And Software With Cd Rom written by Yordan Kostadinov Kyosev and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-06 with Computers categories.
This book examines fuzzy relational calculus theory with applications in various engineering subjects. The scope of the text covers unified and exact methods with algorithms for direct and inverse problem resolution in fuzzy relational calculus. Extensive engineering applications of fuzzy relation compositions and fuzzy linear systems (linear, relational and intuitionistic) are discussed. Some examples of such applications include solutions of equivalence, reduction and minimization problems in fuzzy machines, pattern recognition in fuzzy languages, optimization and inference engines in textile and chemical engineering, etc. A comprehensive overview of the authors' original work in fuzzy relational calculus is also provided in each chapter.The attached CD-Rom contains a toolbox with many functions for fuzzy calculations, together with an original algorithm for inverse problem resolution in MATLAB. This book is also suitable for use as a textbook in related courses at advanced undergraduate and graduate levels.
Convex Analysis And Its Applications
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Author : A. Auslender
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Convex Analysis And Its Applications written by A. Auslender and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.