Free Innovation
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Free Innovation
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Author : Eric Von Hippel
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2024-04-30
Free Innovation written by Eric Von Hippel and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-30 with Business & Economics categories.
A leading innovation scholar explains the growing phenomenon and impact of free innovation, in which innovations developed by consumers and given away “for free.” In this book, Eric von Hippel, author of the influential Democratizing Innovation, integrates new theory and research findings into the framework of a “free innovation paradigm.” Free innovation, as he defines it, involves innovations developed by consumers who are self-rewarded for their efforts, and who give their designs away “for free.” It is an inherently simple grassroots innovation process, unencumbered by compensated transactions and intellectual property rights. Free innovation is already widespread in national economies and is steadily increasing in both scale and scope. Today, tens of millions of consumers are collectively spending tens of billions of dollars annually on innovation development. However, because free innovations are developed during consumers' unpaid, discretionary time and are given away rather than sold, their collective impact and value have until very recently been hidden from view. This has caused researchers, governments, and firms to focus too much on the Schumpeterian idea of innovation as a producer-dominated activity. Free innovation has both advantages and drawbacks. Because free innovators are self-rewarded by such factors as personal utility, learning, and fun, they often pioneer new areas before producers see commercial potential. At the same time, because they give away their innovations, free innovators generally have very little incentive to invest in diffusing what they create, which reduces the social value of their efforts. The best solution, von Hippel and his colleagues argue, is a division of labor between free innovators and producers, enabling each to do what they do best. The result will be both increased producer profits and increased social welfare—a gain for all.
Democratizing Innovation
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Author : Eric Von Hippel
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2006-02-17
Democratizing Innovation written by Eric Von Hippel and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-02-17 with Business & Economics categories.
The process of user-centered innovation: how it can benefit both users and manufacturers and how its emergence will bring changes in business models and in public policy. Innovation is rapidly becoming democratized. Users, aided by improvements in computer and communications technology, increasingly can develop their own new products and services. These innovating users—both individuals and firms—often freely share their innovations with others, creating user-innovation communities and a rich intellectual commons. In Democratizing Innovation, Eric von Hippel looks closely at this emerging system of user-centered innovation. He explains why and when users find it profitable to develop new products and services for themselves, and why it often pays users to reveal their innovations freely for the use of all.The trend toward democratized innovation can be seen in software and information products—most notably in the free and open-source software movement—but also in physical products. Von Hippel's many examples of user innovation in action range from surgical equipment to surfboards to software security features. He shows that product and service development is concentrated among "lead users," who are ahead on marketplace trends and whose innovations are often commercially attractive. Von Hippel argues that manufacturers should redesign their innovation processes and that they should systematically seek out innovations developed by users. He points to businesses—the custom semiconductor industry is one example—that have learned to assist user-innovators by providing them with toolkits for developing new products. User innovation has a positive impact on social welfare, and von Hippel proposes that government policies, including R&D subsidies and tax credits, should be realigned to eliminate biases against it. The goal of a democratized user-centered innovation system, says von Hippel, is well worth striving for. An electronic version of this book is available under a Creative Commons license.
The Free Market Innovation Machine
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Author : William J. Baumol
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2004-04-11
The Free Market Innovation Machine written by William J. Baumol and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-04-11 with Business & Economics categories.
Why has capitalism produced economic growth that so vastly dwarfs the growth record of other economic systems, past and present? Why have living standards in countries from America to Germany to Japan risen exponentially over the past century? William Baumol rejects the conventional view that capitalism benefits society through price competition--that is, products and services become less costly as firms vie for consumers. Where most others have seen this as the driving force behind growth, he sees something different--a compound of systematic innovation activity within the firm, an arms race in which no firm in an innovating industry dares to fall behind the others in new products and processes, and inter-firm collaboration in the creation and use of innovations. While giving price competition due credit, Baumol stresses that large firms use innovation as a prime competitive weapon. However, as he explains it, firms do not wish to risk too much innovation, because it is costly, and can be made obsolete by rival innovation. So firms have split the difference through the sale of technology licenses and participation in technology-sharing compacts that pay huge dividends to the economy as a whole--and thereby made innovation a routine feature of economic life. This process, in Baumol's view, accounts for the unparalleled growth of modern capitalist economies. Drawing on extensive research and years of consulting work for many large global firms, Baumol shows in this original work that the capitalist growth process, at least in societies where the rule of law prevails, comes far closer to the requirements of economic efficiency than is typically understood. Resounding with rare intellectual force, this book marks a milestone in the comprehension of the accomplishments of our free-market economic system--a new understanding that, suggests the author, promises to benefit many countries that lack the advantages of this immense innovation machine.
Detecting And Explaining Technological Innovation In Prehistory
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Author : Michela Spataro
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019-12-19
Detecting And Explaining Technological Innovation In Prehistory written by Michela Spataro and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-19 with categories.
Technology refers to any set of standardised procedures for transforming raw materials into finished products. Innovation consists of any change in technology which has tangible and lasting effect on human practices, whether or not it provides utilitarian advantages. Prehistoric societies were never static, but the tempo of innovation occasionally increased to the point that we can refer to transformation taking place. Prehistorians must therefore identify factors promoting or hindering innovation.This volume stems from an international workshop, organised by the Collaborative Research Centre 1266 'Scales of Transformation' at Kiel University in November 2017. The meeting challenged its participants to detect and explain technological change in the past and its role in transformation processes, using archaeological and ethnographic case studies. The papers draw mainly on examples from prehistoric Europe, but case-studies from Iran, the Indus Valley, and contemporary central America are also included. The authors adopt several perspectives, including cultural-historical, economic, environmental, demographic, functional, and agent-based approaches.These case studies often rely on interdisciplinary research, whereby field archaeology, archaeometric analysis, experimental archaeology and ethnographic research are used together to observe and explain innovations and changes in the artisan's repertoire. The results demonstrate that interdisciplinary research is becoming essential to understanding transformation phenomena in prehistoric archaeology, superseding typo-chronological description and comparison.This book is a scholarly publication aimed at academic researchers, particularly archaeologists and archaeological scientists working on ceramics, osseous and metal artifacts.
Design Thinking For Innovation
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Author : Walter Brenner
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-02-24
Design Thinking For Innovation written by Walter Brenner and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-24 with Business & Economics categories.
This book presents the full scope of Design Thinking in theory and practice, bringing together prominent opinion leaders and experienced practitioners who share their insights, approaches and lessons learned. As Design Thinking is gaining popularity in the context of innovation and information management, the book elaborates the specific interpretations and meanings of the concept in different fields including engineering, management, and information technology. As such, it offers students and professionals a sourcebook revealing the power of Design Thinking, while providing academics a roadmap for further research.
Saori
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Author : Misao Jo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Saori written by Misao Jo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Hand weaving categories.
Managing Innovation Design And Creativity
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Author : Bettina von Stamm
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2008-04-28
Managing Innovation Design And Creativity written by Bettina von Stamm and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-28 with Business & Economics categories.
Innovation is the major driving force in organisations today. With the rise of truly global markets and the intensifying competition for customers, employees and other critical resources, the ability to continuously develop successful innovative products, services, processes and strategies is essential. While creativity is the starting point for any kind of innovation, design is the process through which a creative idea or concept is translated into reality. Managing Innovation, Design and Creativity, 2nd Edition brings these three strands together in a discussion built around a collection of up-to-date case studies.
Science Based Innovation
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Author : A. Styhre
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2008-02-27
Science Based Innovation written by A. Styhre and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-02-27 with Business & Economics categories.
Knowledge management has become a well-known term, but science-based innovation remains relatively unexploited. Bridging the gap between knowledge management theory and studies of science of technology, such as in the pharmaceutical industry and biotechnology firms, this book provides a timely insight into the innovation of the knowledge economy.
Open Innovation
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Author : Anne-Laure Mention
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2016
Open Innovation written by Anne-Laure Mention and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Diffusion of innovations categories.
"Open Innovation: A Multifaceted Perspective unveils research on open innovation from multidisciplinary perspectives and with practical insights from leaders and policy-makers. The first section addresses the links between open innovation and various disciplines, methods, concepts and policy instruments. The second section reviews selectively the literature, focusing essentially on open service innovation and innovation in financial services industries. It also explores different forms and types of practices reflecting the adoption and implementation of open innovation. The third section focuses on the management of open innovation, paying specific attention to the individual, intra- and inter-organizational levels."--Provided by publisher.
Inclusive Innovation
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Author : Robyn Klingler-Vidra
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2022-04-20
Inclusive Innovation written by Robyn Klingler-Vidra and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-20 with Business & Economics categories.
Innovation offers potential: to cure diseases, to better connect people, and to make the way we live and work more efficient and enjoyable. At the same time, innovation can fuel inequality, decimate livelihoods, and harm mental health. This book contends that inclusive innovation – innovation motivated by environmental and social aims – is able to uplift the benefits of innovation while reducing its harms. The book provides accessible engagement with inclusive innovation happening at the grassroots level through to policy arenas, with a focus on the South-East Asian region. Focusing on fundamental questions underpinning innovation, in terms of how, what and where, it argues that inclusive innovation has social processes and low-tech solutions as essential means of driving innovation, and that environmental concerns must be considered alongside societal aims. The book's understanding of inclusive innovation posits that marginalized or underrepresented innovators are empowered to include themselves by solving a problem that they are experiencing. The first in-depth exploration of efforts underway to assuage inequality from policy, private sector, and grassroots perspectives, this book will interest researchers in the areas of innovation studies, political economy, and development studies. Chapters 1 and 5 of this book are available for free in PDF format as Open Access from the individual product page at www.routledge.com. It has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.