Freedom Within Reason
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Freedom Within Reason
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Author : Susan Wolf
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1993-10-21
Freedom Within Reason written by Susan Wolf and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993-10-21 with Philosophy categories.
Philosophers typically see the issue of free will and determinism in terms of a debate between two standard positions. Incompatibilism holds that freedom and responsibility require causal and metaphysical independence from the impersonal forces of nature. According to compatibilism, people are free and responsible as long as their actions are governed by their desires. In Freedom Within Reason, Susan Wolf charts a path between these traditional positions: We are not free and responsible, she argues, for actions that are governed by desires that we cannot help having. But the wish to form our own desires from nothing is both futile and arbitrary. Some of the forces beyond our control are friends to freedom rather than enemies of it: they endow us with faculties of reason, perception, and imagination, and provide us with the data by which we come to see and appreciate the world for what it is. The independence we want, Wolf argues, is not independence from the world, but independence from forces that prevent or preclude us from choosing how to live in light of a sufficient appreciation of the world. The freedom we want is a freedom within reason and the world.
Freedom Within Reason
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Author : Susan R. Wolf
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 1990
Freedom Within Reason written by Susan R. Wolf and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Law categories.
Philosophers typically see the issue of free will and determinism in terms of a debate between two standard positions. Incompatibilism holds that freedom and responsibility require causal and metaphysical independence from the impersonal forces of nature. According to compatibilism, people are free and responsible as long as their actions are governed by their desires. In Freedom Within Reason, Susan Wolf charts a path between these traditional positions: We are not free and responsible, she argues, for actions that are governed by desires that we cannot help having. But the wish to form our own desires from nothing is both futile and arbitrary. Some of the forces beyond our control are friends to freedom rather than enemies of it: they endow us with faculties of reason, perception, and imagination, and provide us with the data by which we come to see and appreciate the world for what it is. The independence we want, Wolf argues, is not independence from the world, but independence from forces that prevent or preclude us from choosing how to live in light of a sufficient appreciation of the world. The freedom we want is a freedom within reason and the world.
The Will To Reason
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Author : C. P. Ragland
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016
The Will To Reason written by C. P. Ragland and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Philosophy categories.
In 'Giving Aid Effectively', Mark T. Buntaine argues that countries that are members of international organizations have prompted multilateral development banks to give development and environmental aid more effectively by generating better information about performance.
Self Reason And Freedom
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Author : Andrea Christofidou
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-01-03
Self Reason And Freedom written by Andrea Christofidou and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-03 with Philosophy categories.
Freedom and its internal relation to reason is fundamental to Descartes’ philosophy in general, and to his Meditations on First Philosophy in particular. Without freedom his entire enquiry would not get off the ground, and without understanding the rôle of freedom in his work, we could not understand what motivates key parts of his metaphysics. Yet, not only is freedom a relatively overlooked element, but its internal relation to reason has gone unnoticed by most studies of his philosophy. Self, Reason, and Freedom: A New Light on Descartes’ Metaphysics, by defending freedom’s internal relation to reason, sheds new light on Descartes’ metaphysics and restores the often dismissed Fourth Meditation to the core of his metaphysics as he conceived it. Implicit in that relation is a rejection of any authority external to reason. Andrea Christofidou shows how this lends strength and explanatory force to Descartes’ enquiry, and reveals his conception of the unity of the self and of its place in the world. Self, Reason, and Freedom: A New Light on Descartes’ Metaphysics is essential reading for students and scholars of Descartes and anyone studying seventeenth-century philosophy.
Paranoia Within Reason
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Author : George E. Marcus
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 1999-03-15
Paranoia Within Reason written by George E. Marcus and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-03-15 with History categories.
This text examines conspiracy theories and tackles paranoia as a style of debate within science, psychotherapy, and popular entertainment. A conspiracy theory emerges as a way to address the inadequacies of rational expertise and organization in the face of the changes that undermine them
Spinoza On Human Freedom
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Author : Matthew J. Kisner
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2013-12-05
Spinoza On Human Freedom written by Matthew J. Kisner and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-05 with Philosophy categories.
Spinoza was one of the most influential figures of the Enlightenment, but his often obscure metaphysics makes it difficult to understand the ultimate message of his philosophy. Although he regarded freedom as the fundamental goal of his ethics and politics, his theory of freedom has not received sustained, comprehensive treatment. Spinoza holds that we attain freedom by governing ourselves according to practical principles, which express many of our deepest moral commitments. Matthew J. Kisner focuses on this theory and presents an alternative picture of the ethical project driving Spinoza's philosophical system. His study of the neglected practical philosophy provides an accessible and concrete picture of what it means to live as Spinoza's ethics envisioned.
Nietzsche On Freedom And Autonomy
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Author : Ken Gemes
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2009-05-07
Nietzsche On Freedom And Autonomy written by Ken Gemes and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-05-07 with Philosophy categories.
The principal aim of this volume is to elucidate what freedom, sovereignty, and autonomy mean for Nietzsche and what philosophical resources he gives us to re-think these crucial concepts. A related aim is to examine how Nietzsche connects these concepts to his thoughts about life-affirmation, self-love, promise-making, agency, the 'will to nothingness', and the 'eternal recurrence', as well as to his search for a 'genealogical' understanding of morality. These twelve essays by leading Nietzsche scholars ask such key questions as: Can we reconcile his rejection of free will with his positive invocations of the notion of free will? How does Nietzsche's celebration of freedom and free spirits sit with his claim that we all have an unchangeable fate? What is the relation between his concepts of freedom and self-overcoming? The depth in which these and related issues are explored gives this volume its value, not only to those interested in Nietzsche, but to all who are concerned with the free will debate, ethics, theory of action, and the history of philosophy.
Freedom And The End Of Reason
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Author : Richard L. Velkley
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2014-02-14
Freedom And The End Of Reason written by Richard L. Velkley and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-14 with Philosophy categories.
In Freedom and the End of Reason, Richard L. Velkley offers an influential interpretation of the central issue of Kant’s philosophy and an evaluation of its position within modern philosophy’s larger history. He persuasively argues that the whole of Kantianism—not merely the Second Critique—focuses on a “critique of practical reason” and is a response to a problem that Kant saw as intrinsic to reason itself: the teleological problem of its goodness. Reconstructing the influence of Rousseau on Kant’s thought, Velkley demonstrates that the relationship between speculative philosophy and practical philosophy in Kant is far more intimate than generally has been perceived. By stressing a Rousseau-inspired notion of reason as a provider of practical ends, he is able to offer an unusually complete account of Kant’s idea of moral culture.
Freedom And Reason In Kant Schelling And Kierkegaard
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Author : Michelle Kosch
language : en
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Release Date : 2006-05-25
Freedom And Reason In Kant Schelling And Kierkegaard written by Michelle Kosch and has been published by Clarendon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-05-25 with Philosophy categories.
Michelle Kosch examines the conceptions of free will and the foundations of ethics in the work of Kant, Schelling, and Kierkegaard. She seeks to understand the history of German idealism better by looking at it through the lens of these issues, and to understand Kierkegaard better by placing his thought in this context. Kosch argues for a new interpretation of Kierkegaard's theory of agency, that Schelling was a major influence and Kant a major target of criticism, and that both the theory and the criticisms are highly relevant to contemporary debates.
Freedom And Responsibility
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Author : Hilary Bok
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2022-03-08
Freedom And Responsibility written by Hilary Bok and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-08 with Philosophy categories.
Can we reconcile the idea that we are free and responsible agents with the idea that what we do is determined according to natural laws? For centuries, philosophers have tried in different ways to show that we can. Hilary Bok takes a fresh approach here, as she seeks to show that the two ideas are compatible by drawing on the distinction between practical and theoretical reasoning. Bok argues that when we engage in practical reasoning--the kind that involves asking "what should I do?" and sifting through alternatives to find the most justifiable course of action--we have reason to hold ourselves responsible for what we do. But when we engage in theoretical reasoning--searching for causal explanations of events--we have no reason to apply concepts like freedom and responsibility. Bok contends that libertarians' arguments against "compatibilist" justifications of moral responsibility fail because they describe human actions only from the standpoint of theoretical reasoning. To establish this claim, she examines which conceptions of freedom of the will and moral responsibility are relevant to practical reasoning and shows that these conceptions are not vulnerable to many objections that libertarians have directed against compatibilists. Bok concludes that the truth or falsity of the claim that we are free and responsible agents in the sense those conceptions spell out is ultimately independent of deterministic accounts of the causes of human actions. Clearly written and powerfully argued, Freedom and Responsibility is a major addition to current debate about some of philosophy's oldest and deepest questions.