Frequency Variations In Power Systems
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Frequency Variations In Power Systems
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Author : Federico Milano
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2020-07-07
Frequency Variations In Power Systems written by Federico Milano and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-07 with Science categories.
Frequency Variations in Power Systems: Modeling, State Estimation and Control presents the Frequency Divider Formula (FDF); a unique approach that defines, calculates and estimates the frequency in electrical energy systems. This authoritative book is written by two noted researchers on the topic. They define the meaning of frequency of an electrical quantity (such as voltage and current) in non-stationary conditions (for example the frequency is not equal to the nominal one) and pose the foundation of the frequency divider formula. The book describes the consequences of using a variable frequency in power system modelling and simulations, in state estimation and frequency control applications. In addition, the authors include a discussion on the applications of the frequency divider in systems where part of the generation is not based on synchronous machines, but rather on converter-interfaced energy resources, such as wind and solar power plants. This important book: Offers a review that clearly defines and shows how the Frequency Divider Formula can be applied Discusses the link between frequency and energy in power systems Presents a unified vision that accurately reveals the common thread that links modelling, control and estimation Includes information on the many implications that “local frequency variations” have on power system dynamics and control Contains several numerical examples Written for researchers, academic staff members, students, specialised consultants and professional software developers, Frequency Variations in Power Systems questions the conventional transient stability model of power system and proposes a new formulation.
Power System Oscillations
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Author : Graham Rogers
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Power System Oscillations written by Graham Rogers and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Power System Oscillations deals with the analysis and control of low frequency oscillations in the 0.2-3 Hz range, which are a characteristic of interconnected power systems. Small variations in system load excite the oscillations, which must be damped effectively to maintain secure and stable system operation. No warning is given for the occurrence of growing oscillations caused by oscillatory instability, since a change in the system's operating condition may cause the transition from stable to unstable. If not limited by nonlinearities, unstable oscillations may lead to rapid system collapse. Thus, it is difficult for operators to intervene manually to restore the system's stability. It follows that it is important to analyze a system's oscillatory behavior in order to understand the system's limits. If the limits imposed by oscillatory instability are too low, they may be increased by the installation of special stabilizing controls. Since the late 60s when this phenomena was first observed in North American systems, intensive research has resulted in design and installation of stabilizing controls known as power system stabilizers (PSS). The design, location and tuning of PSS require special analytical tools. This book addresses these questions in a modal analysis framework, with transient simulation as a measure of controlled system performance. After discussing the nature of the oscillations, the design of the PSS is discussed extensively using modal analysis and frequency response. In the scenario of the restructured power system, the performance of power system damping controls must be insensitive to parameter uncertainties. Power system stabilizers, when well tuned, are shown to be robust using the techniques of modern control theory. The design of damping controls, which operate through electronic power system devices (FACTS), is also discussed. There are many worked examples throughout the text. The Power System Toolbox© for use with MATLAB® is used to perform all of the analyses used in this book. The text is based on the author's experience of over 40 years as an engineer in the power industry and as an educator.
Using Fast Responding Resources To Control Frequency In A Power System
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Author : Mansoureh Peydayesh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Using Fast Responding Resources To Control Frequency In A Power System written by Mansoureh Peydayesh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Frequency control is one of the major concerns of power system operators. Frequency varies as the result of a supply-demand mismatch. Due to possible destructive outcomes of large frequency variations, several mechanisms are in operation to keep supply and demand in balance. Increasing penetration of non-dispatchable intermittent generation resources may increase power supply volatility, which makes frequency control more challenging. Emerging utility-scale storage technologies with reasonable cost have participated in electricity markets in recent years. Because of fast-ramping capabilities of these resources, one of their attractive applications is providing frequency regulation service. However, the amount of energy they can produce or consume is limited due to their restricted storage capabilities. Thus, in spite of their fast response to a deployment signal, their duration of response is bounded. In this thesis, we focus on using fast-responding resources to control frequency in power systems. In this research, the first question is if the participation of these resources in the regulation market have any adverse effect on the frequency control performance of the system. If the answer is yes, the next question is what is the best strategy to not only prevent the negative consequences but also improve the benefits of using fast-responding resources for frequency control. For this research, the system of Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) is selected. All power system studies related to frequency control require an appropriate dynamic model. In this dissertation, a simplified model is constructed, which represents the ERCOT system frequency response during a short period of time after a contingency. The model is validated and tuned against system frequency measured by Phasor Measurement Units. Especially in situations of not having information about system individual units, this simplified model is highly advantageous. However, to study system frequency during normal conditions, a more comprehensive model is essential. Thus, we develop ERCOT Frequency Modeling and Analysis Tool (EFMAT), which has the required level of details and accuracy to simulate system frequency. All proposed approaches of modeling and parameter tuning in this research are also applicable to other power systems. In order to answer our research questions, we start with investigation of ERCOT Fast-Responding Regulation Service (FRRS). For selected historic days, conventional regulation providers are replaced by a storage system providing FRRS. For various capacities of the storage system, frequency is simulated using EFMAT and a system frequency control performance index is calculated. Comparing calculated index of different simulations can reveal the effect of FRRS capacity on the system performance. The simulations are repeated for several FRRS deployment strategies similar to the strategies of other North America power markets along with our proposed modifications. Three different storage systems are assumed in the simulations: one with unlimited stored energy, one with 6 minutes energy duration, and one with 15 minutes energy duration. Finally, FRRS optimal capacity and equivalency ratio between FRRS and conventional regulation are defined and calculated for the best deployment strategy.
Transient Phenomena In Electrical Power Systems
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Author : N. D. Anisimova
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2014-06-20
Transient Phenomena In Electrical Power Systems written by N. D. Anisimova and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-20 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Transient Phenomena in Electrical Power Systems: Problems and Illustrations deals with the technique of calculating the different transient phenomena in electrical power systems. Concrete examples are given to show the character of the transient processes, and the order of magnitude is derived in some typical cases. Topics covered include equivalent circuits, steady-state quantities, and the initial conditions of a transient process. The characteristics of generators and synchronous condensers are also considered. Comprised of nine chapters, this book begins with an introduction to the units of measurement as well as the equations of the system and its elements, such as frequency regulators, turbine governors, and transformers. The second chapter presents examples of the construction of equivalent circuits and the determination of the steady-state operation of a system, along with the original condition that precedes the transient process. The third and fourth chapters deal with different characteristics of generators, synchronous condensers, and loads of electrical systems. The fifth chapter examines the general criteria of stability used in calculations of the conditions in electrical systems. Problems of static stability and the effect of large oscillations on stability are discussed in the next three chapters. The final chapter is devoted to special problems on the variation of operating conditions, frequency variation, and the flow of power between systems. This monograph is written for design engineers, operation engineers, apprentices, and students.
Power System Load Variations And Frequency Control
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Author : Lynton Mogridge
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
Power System Load Variations And Frequency Control written by Lynton Mogridge and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with categories.
Electrical Power Systems Quality
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Author : Roger C. Dugan
language : en
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
Release Date : 2002-11-26
Electrical Power Systems Quality written by Roger C. Dugan and has been published by McGraw Hill Professional this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-11-26 with Technology categories.
* Basic power quality strategies and methods to protect electronic systems * Nearly twice the size of the last edition--new chapters on distributed generation and benchmarking--over 200 pages of new material
Power Systems Signal Processing For Smart Grids
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Author : Paulo Fernando Ribeiro
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2013-09-20
Power Systems Signal Processing For Smart Grids written by Paulo Fernando Ribeiro and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-20 with Technology & Engineering categories.
With special relation to smart grids, this book provides clear and comprehensive explanation of how Digital Signal Processing (DSP) and Computational Intelligence (CI) techniques can be applied to solve problems in the power system. Its unique coverage bridges the gap between DSP, electrical power and energy engineering systems, showing many different techniques applied to typical and expected system conditions with practical power system examples. Surveying all recent advances on DSP for power systems, this book enables engineers and researchers to understand the current state of the art and to develop new tools. It presents: an overview on the power system and electric signals, with description of the basic concepts of DSP commonly found in power system problems the application of several signal processing tools to problems, looking at power signal estimation and decomposition, pattern recognition techniques, detection of the power system signal variations description of DSP in relation to measurements, power quality, monitoring, protection and control, and wide area monitoring a companion website with real signal data, several Matlab codes with examples, DSP scripts and samples of signals for further processing, understanding and analysis Practicing power systems engineers and utility engineers will find this book invaluable, as will researchers of electrical power and energy systems, postgraduate electrical engineering students, and staff at utility companies.
Wind Power Systems
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Author : Lingfeng Wang
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-09-15
Wind Power Systems written by Lingfeng Wang and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Renewable energy sources such as wind power have attracted much attention because they are environmentally friendly, do not produce carbon dioxide and other emitants, and can enhance a nation’s energy security. For example, recently more significant amounts of wind power are being integrated into conventional power grids. Therefore, it is necessary to address various important and challenging issues related to wind power systems, which are significantly different from the traditional generation systems. This book is a resource for engineers, practitioners, and decision-makers interested in studying or using the power of computational intelligence based algorithms in handling various important problems in wind power systems at the levels of power generation, transmission, and distribution. Researchers have been developing biologically-inspired algorithms in a wide variety of complex large-scale engineering domains. Distinguished from the traditional analytical methods, the new methods usually accomplish the task through their computationally efficient mechanisms. Computational intelligence methods such as evolutionary computation, neural networks, and fuzzy systems have attracted much attention in electric power systems. Meanwhile, modern electric power systems are becoming more and more complex in order to meet the growing electricity market. In particular, the grid complexity is continuously enhanced by the integration of intermittent wind power as well as the current restructuring efforts in electricity industry. Quite often, the traditional analytical methods become less efficient or even unable to handle this increased complexity. As a result, it is natural to apply computational intelligence as a powerful tool to deal with various important and pressing problems in the current wind power systems. This book presents the state-of-the-art development in the field of computational intelligence applied to wind power systems by reviewing the most up-to-date work and representative practical problems collecting contributions from leading experts in electrical engineering, system engineering, and other disciplines.
Power Quality
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Author : R. Sastry Vedam
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-12-19
Power Quality written by R. Sastry Vedam and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-19 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Both deregulation in the electrical supply industry and the creation of new electricity markets present electric utility companies with the challenge of becoming more efficient without compromising quality of service. Providing new solutions for this newly deregulated paradigm, Power Quality: VAR Compensation in Power Systems presents comprehensive coverage of power quality, harmonics, and static var compensators in one single volume. The book explains how to ensure that power quality is not affected by the harmonics generated by power electronic equipment and explains how to reduce labor costs and increase reliability of supply by employing a single pole autoreclosing scheme. It also addresses how to analyze frequency response of current transformers and voltage transformers while measuring harmonics. Based on the authors’ extensive experience in the electric supply industry, Power Quality enables engineers to meet the demands of increased loads, strengthen their transmission systems, and ensure reliable electric supply.
Time Varying Waveform Distortions In Power Systems
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Author : Paulo Fernando Ribeiro
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2009-07-10
Time Varying Waveform Distortions In Power Systems written by Paulo Fernando Ribeiro and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-07-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A comprehensive review of analytical signal processing techniques applied to power systems and power quality applications. This reference book is unique in addressing time-varying waveform and harmonic distortions. It details many different approaches, pooling cutting edge material from university lecturers and practising power engineers to provide a wide spectrum of expertise. Divided into clear sections, the book discusses a range of topics including... current and voltage variations; standards and measurement issues; advanced techniques such as spectral, time-frequency, probabilistic; and further methods, such as independent component analysis, and fuzzy logic. Case studies, real world data and examples (including basic application examples and sample waves from industrial sites) supplement the theory and demonstrate the methods shown. With extensive appendices in addition, this book is of great value to power systems, utility, maintenance and instrumentation engineers. It is also a useful source of information for researchers and consultants, university professors and graduate students in power systems and power quality areas.