From Commune To Capitalism
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From Commune To Capitalism
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Author : Zhun Xu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
From Commune To Capitalism written by Zhun Xu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with SOCIAL SCIENCE categories.
In the early 1980s, China undertook a massive reform that dismantled its socialist rural collectives and divided the land among millions of small peasant families. Known as the decollectivization campaign, it is one of the most significant reforms in China's transition to a market economy. From the beginning, the official Chinese accounts, and many academic writings, uncritically portray this campaign as a huge success, both for the peasants and the economy as a whole. This mainstream history argues that the rural communes, suffering from inefficiency, greatly improved agricultural productivity under the decollectivization reform. It also describes how the peasants, due to their dissatisfaction with the rural regime, spontaneously organized and collectively dismantled the collective system. A closer examination suggests a much different and more nuanced story. By combining historical archives, field work, and critical statistical examinations, From Commune to Capitalism argues that the decollectivization campaign was neither a bottom-up, spontaneous peasant movement, nor necessarily efficiency-improving. On the contrary, the reform was mainly a top-down, coercive campaign, and most of the efficiency gains came from simply increasing the usage of inputs, such as land and labor, rather than institutional changes. The book also asks an important question: Why did most of the peasants peacefully accept this reform? Zhun Xu answers that the problems of the communes contributed to the passiveness of the peasantry; that decollectivization, by depoliticizing the peasantry and freeing massive rural labor to compete with the urban workers, served as both the political and economic basis for consequent Chinese neoliberal reforms and a massive increase in all forms of economic, political, and social inequality. Decollectivization was, indeed, a huge success, although far from the sort suggested by mainstream accounts.
From Commune To Capitalism
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Author : Zhun Xu
language : en
Publisher: NYU Press
Release Date : 2018-06-22
From Commune To Capitalism written by Zhun Xu and has been published by NYU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-22 with Business & Economics categories.
Socialism and capitalism in the Chinese countryside -- Chinese agrarian change in world-historical context -- Agricultural productivity and decollectivization -- The political economy of decollectivization -- The achievement, contradictions, and demise of rural collectives
An Economic History Of The Major Capitalist Countries
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Author : Kang Fan
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 1992
An Economic History Of The Major Capitalist Countries written by Kang Fan and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Capitalism categories.
Written in the early 1960s and published during the Cultural Revolution, this book is China's leading text on the emergence and development of capitalism in England, the United States, France, Germany, and Japan. It has retained its relevance by its emphasis on the importance of economic factors in historical change, thus confirming Deng Xiaoping's vision of China's development driven by economics. Here is a perspective on the historical development of capitalism as it applies to the histories of the major capitalist countries; it should prove interesting to students of Chinese thought on economic development filtered through the unique Chinese vision of Marxism.
How China Became Capitalist
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Author : R. Coase
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-04-30
How China Became Capitalist written by R. Coase and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-30 with Business & Economics categories.
How China Became Capitalist details the extraordinary, and often unanticipated, journey that China has taken over the past thirty five years in transforming itself from a closed agrarian socialist economy to an indomitable economic force in the international arena. The authors revitalise the debate around the rise of the Chinese economy through the use of primary sources, persuasively arguing that the reforms implemented by the Chinese leaders did not represent a concerted attempt to create a capitalist economy, and that it was 'marginal revolutions' that introduced the market and entrepreneurship back to China. Lessons from the West were guided by the traditional Chinese principle of 'seeking truth from facts'. By turning to capitalism, China re-embraced her own cultural roots. How China Became Capitalist challenges received wisdom about the future of the Chinese economy, warning that while China has enormous potential for further growth, the future is clouded by the government's monopoly of ideas and power. Coase and Wang argue that the development of a market for ideas which has a long and revered tradition in China would be integral in bringing about the Chinese dream of social harmony.
China In Transition
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Author : Ronald Glassman
language : en
Publisher: Praeger
Release Date : 1991-08-30
China In Transition written by Ronald Glassman and has been published by Praeger this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-08-30 with Business & Economics categories.
As recent events in the Far East have demonstrated, China is a nation that is in the midst of a massive social and political upheaval. The Chinese leadership is as uncertain as the populace on the future course for modern China, and remains dramatically split over capitalism and communism, pragmatism and realism, and democracy and despotism. In this work, Ronald Glassman analyzes the remarkable changes that are occurring in China, and examines the country's difficult movement from state-run economics to free enterprise, and from Communist Party dictatorship to electoral democracy. The book focuses on the emergence of a modern middle class in China, illuminating their political and economic desires and their impact in a postcommunist society. Glassman provides a Weberian analysis of the recent radical changes, using the concepts of rationalization, the bureaucratic middle strata, the greater degree of efficiency of capitalism over socialism, the independent power of the state, and charismatic leadership to help explain China's transition to modernity. His study is divided into four sections, covering the majority middle class and democracy, free enterprise and democracy, the transition to a legal democratic state, and political culture, legitimacy, and charisma. The book concludes with the thesis that China will make the transition to democracy when the new generation of leaders comes to power and the middle class becomes the mediating stratum. Students of sociology, political science, and Chinese history will find this work to be a valuable resource, as will both public and academic libraries.
Ours To Master And To Own
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Author : Immanuel Ness
language : en
Publisher: Haymarket Books
Release Date : 2011
Ours To Master And To Own written by Immanuel Ness and has been published by Haymarket Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Business & Economics categories.
From the dawning of the industrial epoch, wage earners have organized themselves into unions, fought bitter strikes, and gone so far as to challenge the very premises of the system by creating institutions of democratic self-management aimed at controlling production without bosses. With specific examples drawn from every corner of the globe and every period of modern history, this pathbreaking volume comprehensively traces this often underappreciated historical tradition. Ripe with lessons drawn from historical and contemporary struggles for workers’ control, Ours to Master and to Own is essential reading for those struggling to create a new world from the ashes of the old. Immanuel Ness is professor of political science at Brooklyn College, City University of New York, and edits WorkingUSA. Dario Azzellini is a writer, documentary director, and political scientist at Johannes Kepler University in Linz.
Acid Communism
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Author : Mark Fisher
language : en
Publisher: Pattern Books
Release Date : 2020-09-10
Acid Communism written by Mark Fisher and has been published by Pattern Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-10 with Political Science categories.
A short zine collecting an introduction to the concept by Matt Colquhoun that appeared in 'krisis journal for contemporary philosophy Issue 2, 2018: Marx from the Margins' and the unfinished introduction to the unfinished book on Acid Communism that Mark Fisher was working on before his death in 2017. "In this way ‘Acid’ is desire, as corrosive and denaturalising multiplicity, flowing through the multiplicities of communism itself to create alinguistic feedback loops; an ideological accelerator through which the new and previously unknown might be found in the politics we mistakenly think we already know, reinstantiating a politics to come." —Matt Colquhoun
Writings On The Paris Commune
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Author : Karl Marx
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1971
Writings On The Paris Commune written by Karl Marx and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1971 with History categories.
Capitalism In The 21st Century Why Global Capitalism Is Broken And How It Can Be Fixed
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Author : Donghyun Park
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2019-02-25
Capitalism In The 21st Century Why Global Capitalism Is Broken And How It Can Be Fixed written by Donghyun Park and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-25 with Business & Economics categories.
'Dr Donghyun Park is a prominent and rare economist in Asia who can combine frontline economic theories, lively data, and real-time policy analyses. Capitalism in the 21st Century is a masterful book by Dr Park, providing a comprehensive understanding of heterogenous trajectories of economies around the globe and more fundamental mechanisms of the modern capitalistic system. This is a 'must-read' for those who are interested in comparative economic systems, global economy, and international development.'Yasuyuki SawadaChief Economist, Asian Development BankProfessor of Economics, University of Tokyo'Donghyun Park makes clear that capitalism gets a bad rap, in large part because of too much emphasis on capital as in financial engineering, and too much emphasis on capitals as in government protectionism. Park argues a compelling case that genuine capitalism, which is about entrepreneurship, is necessary to solve the big problems most people face around the globe.'Adam S PosenPresident, Peterson Institute of International EconomicsGlobal capitalism is currently suffering from an unmistakable malaise, epitomized by wide and growing inequality that is eroding popular support for capitalism. Such anti-capitalist sentiment, coupled with a growing anti-globalization mood, delivered Brexit in a UK referendum and swept Donald Trump to the US presidency. In Capitalism in the 21st Century, internationally well-regarded economist Dr Donghyun Park articulately explains why more capitalism is needed to tackle global problems such as climate change and inhumane poverty. While defending capitalism against its unfair demonization, the author makes a positive case for entrepreneurial capitalism, which creates wealth and jobs as well as drives human progress. According to the author, reforming the financial industry, which has become a self-serving leviathan, and more fundamentally, tweaking the economic role of the government, which stifles growth-promoting entrepreneurship, are critical to restoring the vitality of capitalism. The book is explicitly written in such a way that the general reader without any background in economics or finance can easily understand it.Related Link(s)
Red China S Green Revolution
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Author : Joshua Eisenman
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2018-04-24
Red China S Green Revolution written by Joshua Eisenman and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-24 with Social Science categories.
China’s dismantling of the Mao-era rural commune system and return to individual household farming under Deng Xiaoping has been seen as a successful turn away from a misguided social experiment and a rejection of the disastrous policies that produced widespread famine. In this revisionist study, Joshua Eisenman marshals previously inaccessible data to overturn this narrative, showing that the commune modernized agriculture, increased productivity, and spurred an agricultural green revolution that laid the foundation for China’s future rapid growth. Red China’s Green Revolution tells the story of the commune’s origins, evolution, and downfall, demonstrating its role in China’s economic ascendance. After 1970, the commune emerged as a hybrid institution, including both collective and private elements, with a high degree of local control over economic decision but almost no say over political ones. It had an integrated agricultural research and extension system that promoted agricultural modernization and collectively owned local enterprises and small factories that spread rural industrialization. The commune transmitted Mao’s collectivist ideology and enforced collective isolation so it could overwork and underpay its households. Eisenman argues that the commune was eliminated not because it was unproductive, but because it was politically undesirable: it was the post-Mao leadership led by Deng Xiaoping—not rural residents—who chose to abandon the commune in order to consolidate their control over China. Based on detailed and systematic national, provincial, and county-level data, as well as interviews with agricultural experts and former commune members, Red China’s Green Revolution is a comprehensive historical and social scientific analysis that fundamentally challenges our understanding of recent Chinese economic history.