From Copenhagen To Cancun Driving Forces In The International Climate Regime
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From Copenhagen To Cancun Driving Forces In The International Climate Regime
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Author : Ben Witthaus
language : en
Publisher: diplom.de
Release Date : 2014-04-11
From Copenhagen To Cancun Driving Forces In The International Climate Regime written by Ben Witthaus and has been published by diplom.de this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-11 with Political Science categories.
Inhaltsangabe:Introduction: For more than two decades, scientific and political communities have debated whether and how to act on climate change. This discussion moved on. Today science is very clear about the magnitude of the risks imposed by unmanaged climate change: What we are doing is redifining where people could live and if we do that as a world than hundreds of million of people will move. Probably billions will move. We are talking about gambling the planet, we are talking about a radical change of the way in which human beings could live and where they could live and, indeed, how many of them. With regard to these risks the application of the precautionary principle telling us to better be safe than sorry appears to be imperative and makes traditional cost-benefit analysis become obsolete. Thus combating global warming has become one of the most important issues facing the world in the 21. century. As nobody would be immune from the transformation the planet faces, avoiding this gamble should, in theory, be in the interest of all nations. Unfortunately, a common response in the scale necessary is hard to organize. While the industrialized countries fear the costs of the transformation from a high-carbon to a low-carbon economy, it is the poorest people who are facing a double unequity as they 1. will be hit earliest and hardest by the adverse impacts of climate change, and 2. are least responsible for the stock of current concentrations in the atmosphere. This inequity consequently leads to a great sense of injustice in developing countries being asked cut emission, while knowing, that the developed world got rich on high-carbon growth. Without any doubt the outcome of this is a historical responsibility of industrialized countries to take over leadership in reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases. However, bearing in mind that by 2050, approximately eight out of nine billion people in the world will be living in developing nations, it is impossible to get down to emission levels needed without at the same time covering the developing world as well. Against this background international climate protection is a sociopolitical, economical, and ethical challenge, concerning all nations, which have to understand that they are a community based on the principle of mutual solidarity. The international climate regime is regarded as the main platform to further cooperation between nations in order to succesfully combat global [...]
The International Climate Regime And Its Driving Forces Obstacles And Chances On The Way To A Global Response To The Problem Of Climate Change
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Author : Ben Witthaus
language : en
Publisher: Diplomica Verlag
Release Date : 2012-03
The International Climate Regime And Its Driving Forces Obstacles And Chances On The Way To A Global Response To The Problem Of Climate Change written by Ben Witthaus and has been published by Diplomica Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03 with Political Science categories.
The greenhouse effect is a vital process which is responsible for the heat on the earth?s surface. By consuming fossil fuels, clearing forests etc. humans aggravate this natural process. As additionally trapped heat exceeds the earth?s intake capacity this consequently leads to global warming. The current concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is already 30% higher compared to pre-industrial levels and unmanaged this development is likely to result in an increase of up to 6.4ø C towards the end of the century. Especially the poorest regions of the world are facing a double inequity as they a) will be hit earliest and hardest by the adverse impacts of climate change, and b) are least responsible for the stock of current concentrations in the atmosphere. Seeing this the application of the precautionary principle telling us ?to better be safe than sorry? appears to be imperative and makes traditional cost-benefit analysis become obsolete. Thus combating global warming has become one of the most important issues facing the world in the 21st century. The international climate regime is the main platform to further cooperation between nations and to tackle this problem. Since the first world climate conference in 1979 the international community of states pursues the goal of stabilizing greenhouse gas emissions. In 2009, the 15th COP of the UNFCCC aimed at achieving the final breakthrough with regard to framing new long-term mitigation commitments. However, the regime theory tells us that states behave as rational egoists and solely follow selfishly defined interests to maximize own profits. So it not only has to be assumed that just states with a favourable benefit-cost ratio will take the role of a ?pusher? in international climate negotiations but also that powerful states are more likely to reach a favourable outcome. Indeed the highly ineffective Kyoto Protocol, which amongst others had to deal with the exit of the United States, the creation of ?hot air? reductions and an overall lack of compliance incentives, has already shown the difficulties of creating an effective climate regime. In Copenhagen it became obvious that influential actors still do not seem to have an interest to significantly change their energy consumption patterns in order to reduce emissions. The majority of developing countries, politically prioritize the protection of their economic development which heavily depends on the use of cheap energy from fossil fuels. Especially China by no means intends to cut its impressive GDP growth figures to please international crowds. Meanwhile the hands of the US President on the international stage were once again tied by domestic restrictions. However, although it seemed that the long prevailing differences of interests between industrial and developing countries are more than ever insuperable, there is hope. A ?global race? towards renewable energy and related jobs has already started. Nations and international corporations are positioning themselves to take advantage of the inevitable transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. This could be the starting point for a sustainable bottom-up policy architecture on the international level replacing the current top-down approach.
Research Handbook On International Environmental Law
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Author : Fitzmaurice, Malgosia
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2021-11-12
Research Handbook On International Environmental Law written by Fitzmaurice, Malgosia and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-12 with Law categories.
This thoroughly updated and revised second edition of this foundational Handbook combines practical and theoretical analyses to cover a wide array of cutting edge issues in international environmental law (IEL). It provides a comprehensive view of the complexity of IEL, both as a field in its own right, and as part of the wider system of international law.
The European Union In International Climate Change Negotiations
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Author : Stavros Afionis
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2017-02-17
The European Union In International Climate Change Negotiations written by Stavros Afionis and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-17 with Business & Economics categories.
The EU has been portrayed as a leader in international climate change negotiations. Its role in the development of the climate change regime, as well as the adoption of novel policy instruments such as the EU Emissions Trading Scheme in 2005, are frequently put forward as indicative of a determination to push the international climate agenda forward. However, there are numerous instances where the EU has failed to achieve its climate change objectives (e.g. the 2009 Copenhagen Conference of the Parties). It is therefore important to examine the reasons behind these failures. This book explores in detail the involvement of the EU in international climate talks from the late 1980s to the present, focusing in particular on the negotiations leading up to Copenhagen. This conference witnessed the demise of the top-down approach in climate change policy and dealt a serious blow to the EU’s leadership ambitions. This book explores the extent to which negotiation theory could help with better comprehending the obstacles that prevented the EU from getting more out of the climate negotiation process. It is argued that looking at the role played by problematic strategic planning could prove highly instructive in light of the Paris Agreement. This broad historical perspective of the EU’s negotiations in international climate policy is an important resource to scholars of environmental and European politics, policy, law and governance.
The European Union In International Climate Change Politics
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Author : Rudiger K.W. Wurzel
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2016-11-25
The European Union In International Climate Change Politics written by Rudiger K.W. Wurzel and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-11-25 with Political Science categories.
In recent years climate change has emerged as an issue of central political importance while the EU has become a major player in international climate change politics. How can a ‘leaderless Europe’ offer leadership in international climate change politics - even in the wake of the UK’s Brexit decision? This book, which has been written by leading experts, offers a critical analysis of the EU leadership role in international climate change politics. It focuses on the main EU institutions, core EU member states and central societal actors (businesses and environmental NGOs). It also contains an external perspective of the EU’s climate change leadership role with chapters on China, India and the USA as well as Norway. Four core themes addressed in the book are: leadership, multilevel and polycentric governance, policy instruments, and the green and low carbon economy. Fundamentally, it asks why we have EU institutional actors, why certain member states and particular societal actors tried to take on a leadership role in climate change politics and how, if at all, have they managed to achieve this? This text will be of key interest to scholars, students and practitioners in EU studies and politics, international relations, comparative politics and environmental politics.
Wp Yw Podatk W I Op At Na Ceny Emisji Dwutlenku W Gla
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Author : Michał Ptak
language : pl
Publisher: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Release Date : 2019-08-07
Wp Yw Podatk W I Op At Na Ceny Emisji Dwutlenku W Gla written by Michał Ptak and has been published by Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-07 with Business & Economics categories.
Główne cele publikacji to określenie wysokości cen płaconych – w postaci określonych podatków i opłat – za emisję dwutlenku węgla przez konsumentów różnych paliw w Polsce oraz zidentyfikowanie przyczyn i możliwych skutków ewentualnych różnic w tych cenach. W badaniach uwzględniono opłatę za korzystanie ze środowiska, podatek akcyzowy od wyrobów energetycznych, opłatę paliwową, podatek od towarów i usług oraz opłatę emisyjną. Szczególnie dużo uwagi poświęcono stawkom, ulgom i zwolnieniom, a więc tym elementom konstrukcji podatków i opłat, które mają największe znaczenie podczas osiągania celów pozafiskalnych. Ponadto zaprezentowano konstrukcję ewentualnego podatku węglowego w Polsce.
Green Safe Cheap
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Author : Christof van Agt
language : en
Publisher: Centre for European Reform
Release Date : 2011
Green Safe Cheap written by Christof van Agt and has been published by Centre for European Reform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Energy policy categories.
Climate Change Human Security And Violent Conflict
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Author : Jürgen Scheffran
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-05-26
Climate Change Human Security And Violent Conflict written by Jürgen Scheffran and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-26 with Science categories.
Severe droughts, damaging floods and mass migration: Climate change is becoming a focal point for security and conflict research and a challenge for the world’s governance structures. But how severe are the security risks and conflict potentials of climate change? Could global warming trigger a sequence of events leading to economic decline, social unrest and political instability? What are the causal relationships between resource scarcity and violent conflict? This book brings together international experts to explore these questions using in-depth case studies from around the world. Furthermore, the authors discuss strategies, institutions and cooperative approaches to stabilize the climate-society interaction.
The Future Of The World S Climate
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Author : Ann Henderson-Sellers
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-01-31
The Future Of The World S Climate written by Ann Henderson-Sellers and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-31 with Science categories.
"The study of climate today seems to be dominated by global warming, but these predictions of climatic models must be placed in their geological, paleo-climatic, and astronomical context to create a complete picture of the Earth's future climate. The Future of the World's Climate presents that perspective with data and projections that have emerged from more technologically advanced and accurate climate modeling"--Publisher's website.
Renewable Energy
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Author : Andy McCrea
language : en
Publisher: Crowood
Release Date : 2013-03-01
Renewable Energy written by Andy McCrea and has been published by Crowood this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Every day there are news reports that highlight spiralling energy costs, accelerating energy consumption, serious concerns over fuel security and fears that oil production may soon decline. All such reports are set against a background of the most serious threat to the world today - global warming and the devastating impact of climate change.This informative and wide-ranging book, written by an acknowledged expert, demonstrates how renewable energy technologies can help meet CO2 reduction targets. The author emphasizes that we need to use these technologies on a much wider scale to produce heat and electricity, and argues that if action is taken immediately it could make an enormous difference. He demonstrates how by installing a renewable energy technology in your home, you will be taking a step towards reducing your carbon footprint and ultimately you will be helping to save the planet. Now in a fully updated edition, this invaluable and well-illustrated book reviews the range of currently available renewable technologies that can provide energy as heat and electricity for our homes, businesses and industry, and also save harmful emissions, energy and money.The technologies are: Solar energy using solar panels for hot water and electricity; Heat pumps, which take heat from the ground for homes and buildings; Biomass fuels such as wood and waste, and even specially grown crops; Wind power, which can provide us with significant amounts of electricity in the decades ahead; Hydroelectricity where suitable rivers and streams are available; The potential of emerging technologies such as geothermal, wave and tidal power. An invaluable and informative book that demonstrates how renewable energy technologies can help meet CO2 reduction targets. Installing a renewable energy technology in your home will be a step towards reducing your carbon footprint. Reviews the currently available renewable technologies tht can provide energy for home, businesses and industry. Superbly illustrated with 78 colour photographs and 20 diagrams. Andy McCrea is a Chartered Engineer and was awarded an MBE for services to the electricity industry in 2004.