From Data To Quanta
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From Data To Quanta
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Author : Slobodan Perovic
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2021-10
From Data To Quanta written by Slobodan Perovic and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10 with Science categories.
"Niels Bohr was a central figure in quantum physics, well-known for his work on atomic structure and his contributions to the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics. In this book, philosopher Slobodan Perović explores the way Bohr practiced and understood physics, and the implications of this for our understanding of modern science, especially contemporary quantum experimental physics. Perović's method of studying Bohr is philosophical-historical, and his aim is to make sense of both Bohr's understanding of physics and his method of inquiry. He argues that in several important respects, Bohr's vision of physics was driven by his desire to develop a comprehensive perspective on key features of experimental observation as well as emerging experimental work. Perović uncovers how Bohr's distinctive breakthrough contributions are characterized by a multi-layered, phased approach of building on basic experimental insights inductively to develop intermediary and overarching hypotheses. The strengths and limitations of this approach, in contrast to the mathematically or metaphysically driven approaches of other physicists at the time, made him a thoroughly distinctive kind of theorist and scientific leader. Once we see that Bohr played the typical role of a laboratory mediator, and excelled in the inductive process this required, we can fully understand the way his work was generated, the role it played in developing novel quantum concepts, and its true limitations, as well as current adherence to and use of Bohr's complementarity approach among contemporary experimentalists"--
Real Quanta
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Author : Martijn van Calmthout
language : en
Publisher: Dundurn
Release Date : 2018-01-06
Real Quanta written by Martijn van Calmthout and has been published by Dundurn this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-06 with Science categories.
Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr walk into the famous Hotel Métropole and sit down at the author’s table to discuss the state of quantum mechanics today. Particles that exist in two places at once, consequences that occur without a cause, objects that exist only if you look at them — quantum mechanics proves that all of this is possible, and not just in dark science labs. Look no further than your smartphone or tablet for technology made conceivable by quantum theory. From quantum computers to “teleporting” data, medicine to photosynthesis and the quantum compass in some migratory birds, Martijn van Calmthout plainly explains — to his readers and to an astounded Einstein and Bohr — how Quantum 2.0 is increasingly part of everyone’s daily life. Rather than being the exceptional domain, Van Calmthout shows how quantum mechanics is actually part of our tangible world, and may even be the very crux of our existence.
Philosophy Of Quanta
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Author : Claus Birkholz
language : en
Publisher: BookRix
Release Date : 2021-01-02
Philosophy Of Quanta written by Claus Birkholz and has been published by BookRix this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-02 with Science categories.
For correcting Einstein‘s shortcuts (singularities, dark energy, dark matter), General Relativity (GR) urgently needs a quantisation uniting it with Higgs‘ data and Feynman‘s virtual states by some discrete dynamics (shell model) which, in addition, also will consistently predict resonance masses, coupling constants, and decay widths without breaking any symmetry. This is accomplished by a quantum gravity (QG) based on Dirac. Nature is considered as a static tensor made of discrete quanta subjected to a hyperbolical imbalance, embedded in a Matrioshka nesting providing dynamics and ToE-forces. With energy as the spin-like engine of time, motion just is varying observer positions in terms of a sequence of quantum leaps. Dark matter will split the matter left into valences (forces) and non-valences (dynamics) with the CPT-theorem generating horizons which create drastically transformed but equivalent dynamics beyond their causality barriers (event horizon, big bang). The cosmological constant yields Hubble‘s law, Feynman‘s propagators, and resonance widths. ToE reduces physics just to count numbers of quanta per quantum type. The mount-variant makes GR free of singularities and allows a complete geometrization of all ToE-forces according to Einstein’s GR. Kant’s “Prolegomena“ urgently needs an update. QG and ToE are axiomatic tensor models.
Alice And Bob Meet The Wall Of Fire
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Author : Thomas Lin
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2018-12-04
Alice And Bob Meet The Wall Of Fire written by Thomas Lin and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-04 with Science categories.
Accessible and essential coverage of today's challenging, speculative, cutting-edge science from Quanta Magazine. If you're a science and data nerd like me, you may be interested in "Alice and Bob Meet the Wall of Fire" and "The Prime Number Conspiracy" from Quanta Magazine and Thomas Lin. - Bill Gates These stories reveal the latest efforts to untangle the mysteries of the universe. Bringing together the best and most interesting science stories appearing in Quanta Magazine over the past five years, Alice and Bob Meet the Wall of Fire reports on some of the greatest scientific minds as they test the limits of human knowledge. Quanta, under editor-in-chief Thomas Lin, is the only popular publication that offers in-depth coverage of today's challenging, speculative, cutting-edge science. It communicates science by taking it seriously, wrestling with difficult concepts and clearly explaining them in a way that speaks to our innate curiosity about our world and ourselves. In the title story, Alice and Bob—beloved characters of various thought experiments in physics—grapple with gravitational forces, possible spaghettification, and a massive wall of fire as Alice jumps into a black hole. Another story considers whether the universe is impossible, in light of experimental results at the Large Hadron Collider. We learn about quantum reality and the mystery of quantum entanglement; explore the source of time's arrow; and witness a eureka moment when a quantum physicist exclaims: “Finally, we can understand why a cup of coffee equilibrates in a room.” We reflect on humans' enormous skulls and the Brain Boom; consider the evolutionary benefits of loneliness; peel back the layers of the newest artificial-intelligence algorithms; follow the “battle for the heart and soul of physics”; and mourn the disappearance of the “diphoton bump,” revealed to be a statistical fluctuation rather than a revolutionary new particle. These stories from Quanta give us a front-row seat to scientific discovery. Contributors Philip Ball, K. C. Cole, Robbert Dijkgraaf, Dan Falk, Courtney Humphries, Ferris Jabr, Katia Moskvitch, George Musser, Michael Nielsen, Jennifer Ouellette, John Pavlus, Emily Singer, Andreas von Bubnoff, Frank Wilczek, Natalie Wolchover, Carl Zimmer
Recent Developments In Data Science And Intelligent Analysis Of Information
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Author : Oleg Chertov
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-08-04
Recent Developments In Data Science And Intelligent Analysis Of Information written by Oleg Chertov and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-04 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book constitutes the proceedings of the XVIII International Conference on Data Science and Intelligent Analysis of Information (ICDSIAI'2018), held in Kiev, Ukraine on June 4-7, 2018. The conference series, which dates back to 2001 when it was known as the Workshop on Intelligent Analysis of Information, was renamed in 2008 to reflect the broadening of its scope and the composition of its organizers and participants. ICDSIAI'2018 brought together a large number of participants from numerous countries in Europe, Asia and the USA. The papers presented addressed novel theoretical developments in methods, algorithms and implementations for the broadly perceived areas of big data mining and intelligent analysis of data and information, representation and processing of uncertainty and fuzziness, including contributions on a range of applications in the fields of decision-making and decision support, economics, education, ecology, law, and various areas of technology. The book is dedicated to the memory of the conference founder, the late Professor Tetiana Taran, an outstanding scientist in the field of artificial intelligence whose research record, vision and personality have greatly contributed to the development of Ukrainian artificial intelligence and computer science.
The Principles Of Quantum Theory From Planck S Quanta To The Higgs Boson
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Author : Arkady Plotnitsky
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-09-26
The Principles Of Quantum Theory From Planck S Quanta To The Higgs Boson written by Arkady Plotnitsky and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-26 with Science categories.
The book considers foundational thinking in quantum theory, focusing on the role the fundamental principles and principle thinking there, including thinking that leads to the invention of new principles, which is, the book contends, one of the ultimate achievements of theoretical thinking in physics and beyond. The focus on principles, prominent during the rise and in the immediate aftermath of quantum theory, has been uncommon in more recent discussions and debates concerning it. The book argues, however, that exploring the fundamental principles and principle thinking is exceptionally helpful in addressing the key issues at stake in quantum foundations and the seemingly interminable debates concerning them. Principle thinking led to major breakthroughs throughout the history of quantum theory, beginning with the old quantum theory and quantum mechanics, the first definitive quantum theory, which it remains within its proper (nonrelativistic) scope. It has, the book also argues, been equally important in quantum field theory, which has been the frontier of quantum theory for quite a while now, and more recently, in quantum information theory, where principle thinking was given new prominence. The approach allows the book to develop a new understanding of both the history and philosophy of quantum theory, from Planck’s quantum to the Higgs boson, and beyond, and of the thinking the key founding figures, such as Einstein, Bohr, Heisenberg, Schrödinger, and Dirac, as well as some among more recent theorists. The book also extensively considers the nature of quantum probability, and contains a new interpretation of quantum mechanics, “the statistical Copenhagen interpretation.” Overall, the book’s argument is guided by what Heisenberg called “the spirit of Copenhagen,” which is defined by three great divorces from the preceding foundational thinking in physics—reality from realism, probability from causality, and locality from relativity—and defined the fundamental principles of quantum theory accordingly.
Modeling Psychophysical Data In R
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Author : Kenneth Knoblauch
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-09-02
Modeling Psychophysical Data In R written by Kenneth Knoblauch and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-02 with Computers categories.
Many of the commonly used methods for modeling and fitting psychophysical data are special cases of statistical procedures of great power and generality, notably the Generalized Linear Model (GLM). This book illustrates how to fit data from a variety of psychophysical paradigms using modern statistical methods and the statistical language R. The paradigms include signal detection theory, psychometric function fitting, classification images and more. In two chapters, recently developed methods for scaling appearance, maximum likelihood difference scaling and maximum likelihood conjoint measurement are examined. The authors also consider the application of mixed-effects models to psychophysical data. R is an open-source programming language that is widely used by statisticians and is seeing enormous growth in its application to data in all fields. It is interactive, containing many powerful facilities for optimization, model evaluation, model selection, and graphical display of data. The reader who fits data in R can readily make use of these methods. The researcher who uses R to fit and model his data has access to most recently developed statistical methods. This book does not assume that the reader is familiar with R, and a little experience with any programming language is all that is needed to appreciate this book. There are large numbers of examples of R in the text and the source code for all examples is available in an R package MPDiR available through R. Kenneth Knoblauch is a researcher in the Department of Integrative Neurosciences in Inserm Unit 846, The Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute and associated with the University Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, in France. Laurence T. Maloney is Professor of Psychology and Neural Science at New York University. His research focusses on applications of mathematical models to perception, motor control and decision making.
Atomic And Quantum Physics
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Author : Hermann Haken
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Atomic And Quantum Physics written by Hermann Haken and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Atomic physics and its underlying quantum theory are the point of departure for many modern areas of physics, astrophysics, chemistry, biology, and even electrical engineering. This textbook provides a careful and eminently readable introduction to the results and methods of empirical atomic physics. The student will acquire the tools of quantum physics and at the same time learn about the interplay between experiment and theory. A chapter on the quantum theory of the chemical bond provides the reader with an introduction to molecular physics. Plenty of problems are given to elucidate the material. The authors also discuss laser physics and nonlinear spectroscopy, incorporating latest experimental results and showing their relevance to basic research. Extra items in the second edition include solutions to the exercises, derivations of the relativistic Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations, a detailed theoretical derivation of the Lamb shift, a discussion of new developments in the spectroscopy of inner shells, and new applications of NMR spectroscopy, for instance tomography.
Physics Of Atoms And Ions
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Author : Boris M. Smirnov
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-05-17
Physics Of Atoms And Ions written by Boris M. Smirnov and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-05-17 with Science categories.
Intended for advanced students of physics, chemistry and related disciplines, this text treats the quantum theory of atoms and ions within the framework of self-consistent fields. Data needed for the analysis of collisions and other atomic processes are also included.
Quantum Theory Concepts And Methods
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Author : A. Peres
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-06-01
Quantum Theory Concepts And Methods written by A. Peres and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-06-01 with Science categories.
There are many excellent books on quantum theory from which one can learn to compute energy levels, transition rates, cross sections, etc. The theoretical rules given in these books are routinely used by physicists to compute observable quantities. Their predictions can then be compared with experimental data. There is no fundamental disagreement among physicists on how to use the theory for these practical purposes. However, there are profound differences in their opinions on the ontological meaning of quantum theory. The purpose of this book is to clarify the conceptual meaning of quantum theory, and to explain some of the mathematical methods which it utilizes. This text is not concerned with specialized topics such as atomic structure, or strong or weak interactions, but with the very foundations of the theory. This is not, however, a book on the philosophy of science. The approach is pragmatic and strictly instrumentalist. This attitude will undoubtedly antagonize some readers, but it has its own logic: quantum phenomena do not occur in a Hilbert space, they occur in a laboratory.