Game Theory And Linguistic Meaning
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Game Theory And Linguistic Meaning
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Author : Ahti-Veikko Pietarinen
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2007-06-30
Game Theory And Linguistic Meaning written by Ahti-Veikko Pietarinen and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-06-30 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This is the first book to collect research on game-theoretic tools in the analysis of language with particular reference to semantics and pragmatics. Games are significant, because they pertain equally to pragmatics and semantics of natural language. The book provides an overview of the variety of ways in which game theory is used in the analysis of linguistic meaning and shows how games arise in pragmatic as well as semantic investigations. The book is a balanced combination of philosophical, linguistic, logical and mathematical argumentation. The book has an introductory and a concluding chapter, written by the editor, to give a gentle introduction to the topics covered in the book and to provide wider conclusions and prospects arising from the individual essays. The major topics covering the field of game theory and linguistic meaning included in the book are: language games, Wittgenstein evolutionary language games communication games, Grice games of partial information equilibrium semantics game-theoretic semantics logical modelling, and generalised quantifiers the semantics/pragmatics distinction. It includes international contributions from known leaders in the field. It is part of the Current Research in Semantics/Pragmatics Interface series.
Meaningful Games
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Author : Robin Clark
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2023-09-19
Meaningful Games written by Robin Clark and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-19 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
An engaging introduction to the use of game theory to study lingistic meaning. In Meaningful Games, Robin Clark explains in an accessible manner the usefulness of game theory in thinking about a wide range of issues in linguistics. Clark argues that we use grammar strategically to signal our intended meanings: our choices as speaker are conditioned by what choices the hearer will make interpreting what we say. Game theory—according to which the outcome of a decision depends on the choices of others—provides a formal system that allows us to develop theories about the kind of decision making that is crucial to understanding linguistic behavior. Clark argues the only way to understand meaning is to grapple with its social nature—that it is the social that gives content to our mental lives. Game theory gives us a framework for working out these ideas. The resulting theory of use will allow us to account for many aspects of linguistic meaning, and the grammar itself can be simplified. The results are nevertheless precise and subject to empirical testing. Meaningful Games offers an engaging and accessible introduction to game theory and the study of linguistic meaning. No knowledge of mathematics beyond simple algebra is required; formal definitions appear in special boxes outside the main text. The book includes an extended argument in favor of the social basis of meaning; a brief introduction to game theory, with a focus on coordination games and cooperation; discussions of common knowledge and games of partial information; models of games for pronouns and politeness; and the development of a system of social coordination of reference.
Communication And Content
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Author : Prashant Parikh
language : en
Publisher: Language Science Press
Release Date : 2019
Communication And Content written by Prashant Parikh and has been published by Language Science Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Communication and content presents a comprehensive and foundational account of meaning based on new versions of situation theory and game theory. The literal and implied meanings of an utterance are derived from first principles assuming little more than the partial rationality of interacting agents. New analyses of a number of diverse phenomena – a wide notion of ambiguity and content encompassing phonetics, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and beyond, vagueness, convention and conventional meaning, indeterminacy, universality, the role of truth in communication, semantic change, translation, Frege’s puzzle of informative identities – are developed. Communication, speaker meaning, and reference are defined. Frege’s context and compositional principles are generalized and reconciled in a fixed-point principle, and a detailed critique of Grice, several aspects of Lewis, and some aspects of the Romantic conception of meaning are offered. Connections with other branches of linguistics, especially psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, historical linguistics, and natural language processing, are explored. The book will be of interest to scholars in philosophy, linguistics, artificial intelligence, and cognitive science. It should also interest readers in related fields like literary and cultural theory and the social sciences. "This book is the culmination of Prashant Parikh's long and deep work on fundamental questions of language and how they can be illuminated by game-theoretic analysis." — Roger Myerson, 2007 Nobel Laureate in Economics, University of Chicago "Prashant Parikh has, over the years, accumulated a substantial and impressive body of work on the nature of language, deploying the resources of game theory. Communication and content is a vastly ambitious culmination of this lifelong pursuit. It covers a tremendously wide range of themes and critically discusses an enormous range of writing on those themes from diverse intellectual traditions, as it systematically develops a game-theoretic account of content in the communicative contexts in which human linguistic capacities are employed, eschewing standard distinctions between semantics and pragmatics, and offering instead a highly integrated elaboration of the slogan “meaning is use”. It is a work that is at once creative yet conscientious, bold yet rigorously technical, systematic yet sensitive to contingency and context. It will abundantly reward close study." — Akeel Bilgrami, Sidney Morgenbesser Professor of Philosophy, Columbia University "Prashant Parikh has made fundamental contributions to the game-theoretic analysis of linguistic meaning. Communication and content summarizes and extends this important work, offering a truly novel approach to the strategic foundations of meaning. This approach finds a way out of the prison of methodological solipsism and opens up the study of linguistic meaning to scientific study." — Robin Clark, Linguistics, University of Pennsylvania "A pioneering attempt to work out things like literal meaning, modulation, enrichment, implicature, etc. in mathematical detail within a game-theoretic framework." — François Recanati, Chair, Philosophy of Language and Mind, Collège de France "Communication and content is the crowning achievement of a long line of research pioneered by Prashant Parikh. In this groundbreaking work Parikh introduces a fresh perspective on natural language pragmatics, by making a creative tie with game theory. Clearly written, Communication and content weaves together semantics, game theory, and situation theory to create a thought-provoking picture of natural language pragmatics. Every modern AI researcher interested in the foundations of natural language pragmatics owes it to him- or herself to become familiar with this picture." — Yoav Shoham, Computer Science Department, Stanford University
Language And Equilibrium
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Author : Prashant Parikh
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2010-01-15
Language And Equilibrium written by Prashant Parikh and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
A new framework that shows how to derive the meaning of an utterance from first principles by modeling it as a system of interdependent games. In Language and Equilibrium, Prashant Parikh offers a new account of meaning for natural language. He argues that equilibrium, or balance among multiple interacting forces, is a key attribute of language and meaning and shows how to derive the meaning of an utterance from first principles by modeling it as a system of interdependent games. His account results in a novel view of semantics and pragmatics and describes how both may be integrated with syntax. It considers many aspects of meaning—including literal meaning and implicature—and advances a detailed theory of definite descriptions as an application of the framework. Language and Equilibrium is intended for a wide readership in the cognitive sciences, including philosophers, linguists, and artificial intelligence researchers as well as neuroscientists, psychologists, and economists interested in language and communication.
Key Ideas In Linguistics And The Philosophy Of Language
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Author : Siobhan Chapman
language : en
Publisher: Edinburgh University Press
Release Date : 2009-01-19
Key Ideas In Linguistics And The Philosophy Of Language written by Siobhan Chapman and has been published by Edinburgh University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-19 with Philosophy categories.
This book offers introductory entries on 80 ideas that have shaped the study of language up to the present day. Entries are written by experts in the fields of linguistics and the philosophy of language to reflect the full range of approaches and modes of thought. Each entry includes a brief description of the idea, an account of its development, and its impact on the field of language study. The book is written in an accessible style with clear descriptions of technical terms, guides to further reading, and extensive cross-referencing between entries. A useful additional feature of this book is that it is cross-referenced throughout with Key Thinkers in Linguistics and the Philosophy of Language (Edinburgh, 2005), revealing significant connections and continuities in the two related disciplines. Ideas covered range from Sense Data, Artificial Intelligence, and Logic, through Generative Semantics, Cognitivism, and Conversation Analysis, to Political Correctness, Deconstruction, and Corpora.
Interfaces Explorations In Logic Language And Computation
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Author : Thomas Icard
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2010-07-27
Interfaces Explorations In Logic Language And Computation written by Thomas Icard and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-07-27 with Computers categories.
The European Summer School in Logic, Language and Information (ESSLLI) takes place every year, each time at a di?erent location in Europe. With its focus on the largeinterdisciplinaryareawhere linguistics,logic andcomputation converge, it has become very popular since it started in 1989, attracting large crowds of students. ESSLLI is where everyone in the ?eld meets, teaches, takes courses, gives talks, dances all night, and generally has a good time. One of the enjoyable features of the School is its recurring Student Session, organized by students along the lines of a conference. The speakers are students too, who are eager to get a chance to present their work. They face sti? com- tition to get their talks accepted, as the number of papers that is sent in each year is high and acceptance rates low. In my experience many of the selected talks contain fresh and surprising insights and are a pleasure to attend. But the reader may judge the quality of the Student Session for himself, as this volume contains a selection of papers from its 2008 and 2009 installments, the ?rstheld in Hamburg,the secondin Bordeaux.The book is divided into four parts.
Directival Theory Of Meaning
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Author : Paweł Grabarczyk
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-06-18
Directival Theory Of Meaning written by Paweł Grabarczyk and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-18 with Philosophy categories.
This book presents a new approach to semantics based on Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz’s Directival Theory of Meaning (DTM), which in effect reduces semantics of the analysed language to the combination of its syntax and pragmatics. The author argues that the DTM was forgotten because for many years philosophers didn’t have conceptual tools to appreciate its innovative nature, and that the theory was far ahead of its time. The book shows how a redesigned and modernised version of the DTM can deliver a new solution to the problem of defining linguistic meaning and that the theory can be understood as a new type of functional role semantics. The defining feature of the DTM is that it presents meaning as a product of constraints on the usage of words. According to the DTM meaning is not use, but the avoidance of misuse. Readers will see how the DTM was shelved for reasons that we don’t find so dramatic anymore, and how it contains enough original ideas and solutions to warrant developing it into a full-blown contemporary account. It is shown how many of the underlying ideas of the theory have been embraced later by philosophers and treated simply as brute facts about natural languages or even as new philosophical discoveries. Philosophers of language and researchers with an interest in how languages and the mind work will find this book a fascinating read.
Bidirectional Optimality Theory
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Author : Anton Benz
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 2011
Bidirectional Optimality Theory written by Anton Benz and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Bidirectional Optimality Theory (BiOT) emerged at the turn of the millennium as a fusion of Radical Pragmatics and Optimality Theoretic Semantics. It stirred a wealth of new research in the pragmatics-semantics interface and heavily influenced e.g. the development of evolutionary and game theoretic approaches. Optimality Theory holds that linguistic output can be understood as the optimized products of ranked constraints. At the centre of BiOT is the insight that this optimisation has to take place both in production and interpretation, and that the production-interpretation cycle has to lead back to the original input. BiOT is now generally interpreted as a description of diachronically stable and cognitively optimal formmeaning pairs. It found applications beyond the semantics-pragmatics interface in language acquisition, historical linguistics, phonology, syntax, and typology. This book provides a state of the art overview of these developments. It collects nine chapters by leading scientists in the field.
Advances In Natural Language Processing
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Author : Hrafn Loftsson
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2010-08-11
Advances In Natural Language Processing written by Hrafn Loftsson and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-08-11 with Computers categories.
This book constitutes the proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Advances in Natural Language Processing held in Reykjavik, Iceland, in August 2010.