Gametogenesis Early Embryo Development And Stem Cell Derivation
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Gametogenesis Early Embryo Development And Stem Cell Derivation
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Author : Tiziana A.L. Brevini
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-09-30
Gametogenesis Early Embryo Development And Stem Cell Derivation written by Tiziana A.L. Brevini and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-30 with Health & Fitness categories.
This Brief offers a concise, handy overview of the main concepts related to Embryology, revisited through the novel concepts that are applied daily in stem cell research and cell therapy oriented investigations. It is based on three main areas: -The process involved in female gamete differentiation and maturation. The main aspects related to cell biology will be covered and an overview of the epigenetic regulation of gametogenesis will be presented. -Early stages of embryo development with a careful analysis of the regulatory mechanisms driving cleavage, polarization and genome activation. -Stem cell and gametogenesis. The use of the oocyte as a possible source for the derivation of stem cell lines is discussed and depicted as a powerful tool to investigate oocyte potency and asymmetric imprinting. The potential biological implications are evaluated and use of stem cells to derive oocytes is presented.
Gametogenesis Early Embryo Development And Stem Cell Derivation
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Author : Springer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012-10-01
Gametogenesis Early Embryo Development And Stem Cell Derivation written by Springer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-01 with categories.
Pluripotency In Domestic Animal Cells
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Author : Tiziana A.L. Brevini
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-12-13
Pluripotency In Domestic Animal Cells written by Tiziana A.L. Brevini and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-13 with Science categories.
This addition to the Springer Brief in Stem Cells series focuses on aspects related to the specific mechanisms that ensure and control pluripotency and cell commitment in domestic animal species. This topic is generating rapidly-increasing interest due to the great potential for domestic animal species to be used as intermediate biomedical models, between the mouse and the human. The Brief addresses why we need large animal models for regenerative medicine. It also describes early embryo development with a careful and specific analysis of the regulatory mechanisms driving cleavage, polarization and genome activation in domestic species. How pluripotency is compartmentalized in domestic species as well as the different aspects that make the derivation of stem cells in domestic species very difficult are also addressed.
Ultrastructure Of Reproduction
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Author : Jonathan van Blerkom
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1984
Ultrastructure Of Reproduction written by Jonathan van Blerkom and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Medical categories.
Advances in the development and application of electron microscopic techniques have occurred recently such that the electron microscope has evolved to become an essential tool in both basic and clinical research. Use of this instrument has contributed significantly to the formation of new perspectives and concepts concerning cell fine structure. These structural perspectives are now being integrated with specific functional, biochemical and pathophysiological events and processes of cells and tissues. Most recently, utilization of innovative electron microscopic techniques such as freeze-fracture, freeze etching, and scanning and high-voltage electron microscopy offers both the basic and clinical scientist potentially fundamental insights into many morphodynamic processes related to the activities of cells and tissues. Such an approach has been especially rewarding when applied to the dynamic events of gametogenesis and early embryonic development. The chapters comprising this book have been selected and edited with the aim of providing an up-to-date and comprehensive account of the most important aspects of vertebrate gamets and embryos as revealed by the integration of several different submicroscopic methods. The organization of the chapters is designed to indicate present gaps in our knowledge of the developmental and reproductive biology of gametes and the developing embryo and possible Iines of research which may lead to a lessening of these gaps.
Derivation Of Human Embryonic Stem Cells To Study Early Development And Genetic Disease
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Author : E. Stephenson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Derivation Of Human Embryonic Stem Cells To Study Early Development And Genetic Disease written by E. Stephenson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Stem cells are unique cells that have both the capacity for self-renewal and, depending on their origin, the ability to form at least one, and sometimes many, specialised cell types of all three embryonic germ lineages - germ cells (endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm), extra-embryonic tissue and trophoblast. Since the derivation of the first human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line in 1998, there has been substantial interest in the potential of these cells both for regenerative medicine and cell therapy, and as disease models for monogenic disorders. Aside from the need to improve derivation efficiency and further the understanding of the basic biology of these cells, the ability to work with hESC opens up three broad research areas. The first is the development of clinical grade culture systems with the aim of producing cell lines suitable for subsequent manipulation for therapy. The second is the opportunity to use these cells as a tool to study the earliest determinative events in mammalian development, such as the origins of patterning in the mammalian embryo. The third is the use of hESCs carrying clinically relevant genetic mutations as models for disease research and therapeutic target identification. The development of several methods of embryo manipulation tailored to the morphology of the blastocyst is described here, which resulted in the derivation of seven lines from four different procedures and provided the tools for subsequent research. Acknowledging that each laboratory in isolation is unlikely to derive sufficient lines to draw significant conclusions regarding manipulation methodology and culture parameters, an international collaboration was initiated with the aim of standardising the reporting of derivation and thus obtaining the maximum information from the generation of each new hESC line. To address the need for the development of clinical grade culture systems, alternative feeder cells were assessed for their suitability in hESC culture and derivation. Modified human foreskin fibroblasts and human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) were investigated, as both cell types can be fully qualified and validated. Whilst both were able to support the culture of existing lines, only the hAECs showed promise in supporting derivation. In addition, analysis of in-house and commercially available media showed that neither were physiologically optimal for the growth of inner cell mass (ICM) cells or putative hESC, as metabolite concentrations were in excess and subsequent catabolite levels exceeded known toxic levels. The timing and mechanisms establishing patterning and future polarity in the mammalian embryo remains a subject of intense debate. Here, the potential of single blastomeres to generate hESC was used as an assessment of pluripotency. The determination of the most appropriate day for attempting derivation was performed by assessing blastomere development and pluripotent marker expression, and the predicted success of derivation was considered in the light of division patterns. Putative stem-like cells were visible in several cultures. Furthermore, isolated blastomeres from two-, four-, and eight-cell embryos were analysed for the quantitative expression of multiple target genes known to be associated with lineage formation and the stem cell state. Analysis suggested that broad changes in gene expression were occurring with development stage. However, no consistent grouping structure for cells within embryos was observed, and no convincing pattern was seen when considering the individual embryo variance scores. Several approaches are discussed to differentiate between the biological and methodological variability in this experimental design. The suitability of hESC as models for genetic disease was studied following the derivation of two lines carrying Huntington disease (HD). Subsequent differentiation using a stromal co-culture neural induction protocol resulted in the establishment of a stable, highly proliferative cell population which was simple to culture and bank. The cells were of an astroglial phenotype, and therefore highly suited for subsequent studies regarding HD pathophysiology, as glial cells are severely affected in HD. During differentiation the CAG repeat size increased from 46 to 70, showing the salient feature of somatic instability of the huntingtin gene. Therefore this cell population provides a valuable tool in the study of disease pathogenesis and transmission.
Ultrastructure Of Human Gametogenesis And Early Embryogenesis
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Author : Professor of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology Jonathan Van Blerkom
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989-01-31
Ultrastructure Of Human Gametogenesis And Early Embryogenesis written by Professor of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology Jonathan Van Blerkom and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989-01-31 with categories.
Gamete And Embryo Fetal Origins Of Adult Diseases
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Author : He-Feng Huang
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-19
Gamete And Embryo Fetal Origins Of Adult Diseases written by He-Feng Huang and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-19 with Health & Fitness categories.
The book Gamete and Embryo-fetal Origins of Adult Diseases introduces various diseases resulting from the abnormal gametogenesis and embryo development, which manifests as growth retardation, birth defects, or increased susceptibility to chronic metabolic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer in childhood and adult life, even fertility disorders and the risk of transgenerational transmission. Six common kinds of these diseases are discussed in separate chapters. The authors explore the connections between these diseases and epigenetic reprogramming, rapid cell differentiation and organ formation and environmental influences, including assisted reproductive technology and adverse intrauterine environments. With a summary of findings on the causes and progression of adult diseases at the phase of gametogenesis and embryo development, this book provides insights into the pathogenesis of disease and aids in the treatment and prevention of disease, meeting the requirement for improving the quality of the newborn population, and effectively preventing and curing major diseases at an early stage. This book offers new perspectives and will be an enlightening resource for obstetricians, paediatricians, epidemiologists, endocrinologists and sanitarians. Editor He-Feng Huang, M.D., is Professor and President of Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China. Editor Jian-Zhong Sheng, Ph.D., is Professor at the Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China.
Cell Polarity In Development And Disease
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Author : Douglas W Houston
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2017-11-14
Cell Polarity In Development And Disease written by Douglas W Houston and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-14 with Science categories.
Cell Polarity in Development and Disease offers insights into the basic molecular mechanisms of common diseases that arise as a result of a loss of ordered organization and intrinsic polarity. Included are diseases affecting highly polarized epithelial tissues in the lung and kidney, as well as loss and gain of cell polarity in the onset and progression of cancer. This book provides a basic resource for understanding the biology of polarity, offering a starting point for those thinking of targeting cell polarity for translational medical research. Provides basic science understanding of cell polarity disease and development Covers diseases affecting polarized epithelial tissues in the lung and kidney, also covering the progression of cancer Includes historical context of cell polarity research for potential future breakthroughs
Report Of The Committee Of Inquiry Into Human Fertilisation And Embryology
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Author : Great Britain. Committee of Inquiry into Human Fertilisation and Embryology
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Report Of The Committee Of Inquiry Into Human Fertilisation And Embryology written by Great Britain. Committee of Inquiry into Human Fertilisation and Embryology and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Artificial insemination categories.
Gene Targeting
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Author : Alexandra L. Joyner
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Gene Targeting written by Alexandra L. Joyner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Science categories.
Since the publication of the first edition of Gene Targeting: A Practical Approach in 1993 there have been many advances in gene targeting and this new edition has been thoroughly updated and rewritten to include all the major new techniques. It provides not only tried-and-tested practical protocols but detailed guidance on their use and applications. As with the previous edition Gene Targeting: A Practical Approach 2e concentrates on gene targeting in mouse ES cells, but the techniques described can be easily adapted to applications in tissue culture including those for human cells. The first chapter covers the design of gene targeting vectors for mammalian cells and describes how to distinguish random integrations from homologous recombination. It is followed by a chapter on extending conventional gene targeting manipulations by using site-specific recombination using the Cre-loxP and Flp-FRT systems to produce 'clean' germline mutations and conditionally (in)activating genes. Chapter 3 describes methods for introducing DNA into ES cells for homologous recombination, selection and screening procedures for identifying and recovering targeted cell clones, and a simple method for establishing new ES cell lines. Chapter 4 discusses the pros and cons or aggregation versus blastocyst injection to create chimeras, focusing on the technical aspects of generating aggregation chimeras and then describes some of the uses of chimeras. The next topic covered is gene trap strategies; the structure, components, design, and modification of GT vectors, the various types of GT screens, and the molecular analysis of GT integrations. The final chapter explains the use of classical genetics in gene targeting and phenotype interpretation to create mutations and elucidate gene functions. Gene Targeting: A Practical Approach 2e will therefore be of great value to all researchers studying gene function.
