Gas Dust And Hybrid Explosions
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Gas Dust And Hybrid Explosions
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Author : W.E. Baker
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Gas Dust And Hybrid Explosions written by W.E. Baker and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Damaging accidental explosions are a continuous threat to industry. Categories for such explosions include combustible dust explosions; reactive gas explosions, both confined and unconfined; hybrid explosions involving both gases and dusts; bursts of pressure vessels and piping; and liquid propellant explosions. This book evaluates the physical processes and resulting blast effects for these types of explosions. Special attention is given to reactive gas explosions, both confined and unconfined. This latter class of explosion has occurred all too frequently in refineries and petrochemical complexes, and is also one of the most difficult to predict and evaluate. Much recent work on this topic is reviewed and summarized. This is the only publication of its kind, to date, that offers such a thorough coverage of these types of industrial explosions. [p] Each class of explosion source is reviewed separately, first discussing fundamentals, then presenting methods of analysis and testing, and finally giving curves or equations to predict effects of the particular class of explosion. An extensive bibliography is included together with tables of pertinent properties of explosive materials. The text also includes many figures, equations, tables and a keyword index. The book is intended for researchers in the field of characterizing and mitigating industrial explosions. It will also be of interest to engineers, scientists, and insurers involved in processes.
Investigation Of Explosion Characteristics Of Multiphase Fuel Mixtures With Air
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Author : Emmanuel Kwasi Addai
language : en
Publisher: Western Engineering, Inc.
Release Date : 2016-10-10
Investigation Of Explosion Characteristics Of Multiphase Fuel Mixtures With Air written by Emmanuel Kwasi Addai and has been published by Western Engineering, Inc. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-10 with categories.
Explosion hazards involving mixtures of different states of aggregation continue to occur in facilities where dusts, gases or solvents are handled or processed. In order to prevent or mitigate the risk associated with these mixtures, more knowledge of the explosion behavior of hybrid mixtures is required. The aim of this study is to undertake an extensive investigation on the explosion phenomenon of hybrid mixtures to obtain insight into the driving mechanisms and the explosion features affecting the course of hybrid mixture explosions. This was accomplished by performing an extensive experimental and theoretical investigation on the various explosion parameters such as: minimum ignition temperature, minimum ignition energy, limiting oxygen concentration, lower explosion limits and explosion severity. Mixtures of twenty combustible dusts ranging from food substances, metals, plastics, natural products, fuels and artificial materials; three gases; and six solvents were used to carry out this study. Three different standard equipments: the 20-liter sphere (for testing lower explosion limits, limiting oxygen concentration and explosion severity), the modified Hartmann apparatus (for testing minimum ignition energy) and the modified Godbert–Greenwald (GG) furnace (for testing minimum ignition temperature) were used. The test protocols were in accordance with the European standard procedures for dust testing for each parameter. However, modifications were made on each equipment in order to test the explosion properties of gases, solvents, and hybrid mixtures. The experimental results demonstrated a significant decrease of the minimum ignition temperature, minimum ignition energy and limiting oxygen concentration of gas or solvent and increase in the likelihood of explosion when a small amount of dust, which was either below the minimum explosion concentration or not ignitable by itself, was mixed with gas or solvent and vice versa. For example, methane with minimum ignition temperature of 600 °C decreased to 530 °C when 30 g/m3 of toner dust, which is 50 % below its minimum explosible concentration was, added. A similar explosion behavior was observed for minimum ignition energy and limiting oxygen concentration. Furthermore, it was generally observed that the addition of a non-explosible concentration of flammable gas or spray to a dust-air mixture increases the maximum explosion pressure to some extent and significantly increases the maximum rate of pressure rise of the dust mixture, even though the added concentrations of gases or vapor are below its lower explosion limit. Finally, it could be said that, one cannot rely on the explosion properties of a single substance to ensure full protection of an equipment or a process if substances with different states of aggregate are present.
Dust Explosions
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Author : Jean Cross
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Dust Explosions written by Jean Cross and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The interest of the media in dust explosions increased considerably following two major grain-elevator disasters in the United States in 1979. However, these were not isolated incidents and were statistically unusual only in the high loss of life involved. Any oxidizable material that is dispersed in fine powder form may be explosive, and ignition sources with sufficient energy to ignite a dust cloud are easily produced in normal industrial processing. Dust fires and minor incidents are not uncommon in many industries, but fortunately the combination of events and circumstances that must coincide for a large-scale explosion arise only rarely. Nevertheless, this is often more by luck than by good management and many potentially hazardous situations are common in industry. An explosive dust cloud and the circumstances in which it can ignite are not as simple to define as the equivalent situation in gases or flammable vapors. A large number of definitions and experimental tests have been devised to characterize the explosibility of dusts and ignition sources. The aim of this book is to provide a guide describing conditions in industry that could lead to dust explosions and the means to avoid them. Ignition sources and the way in which they can arise in powder processing are discussed and illustrated by case histories of reported incidents. The methods by which the potential hazards of a process or product can be evaluated are described, with special attention paid to the interpretation of the results of the different experimental methods.
An Experimental Study Of Hybrid Explosive Dust Gas Air Mixtures
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Author : Neil Hirsh Craft
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
An Experimental Study Of Hybrid Explosive Dust Gas Air Mixtures written by Neil Hirsh Craft and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Dust explosions categories.
Dust Explosions
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Author : Wolfgang Bartknecht
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Dust Explosions written by Wolfgang Bartknecht and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Dust explosions categories.
Methods In Chemical Process Safety
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Author : Faisal Khan
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2019-07-15
Methods In Chemical Process Safety written by Faisal Khan and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Process safety is a disciplined framework for managing the integrity of operating systems and processes handling hazardous substances. Continued occurrence of major losses have had a significant impact on the industry's approaches to modern process safety. Consequently, the process safety management is now globally recognized as the primary approach for establishing the level of safety in operations required to manage high-hazard processes. With this in mind, and also due to the evolution in regulatory thinking that integrated traditional occupational safety with process safety, several process safety methods were developed by industry associations around the world. Although all these methods share the same basic objectives, the number of program elements may vary depending on the criteria used. Consequently, selecting the best method to chemical process safety could be challenging due to the existence of different options. I decided to write this project to address this challenge by provide an overview of the most important recent advancements and contributions in chemical process safety. The project helps researchers and professionals to obtain guidance on the selection and practice of chemical process safety methods. The main features of this volume are: To acquaint the reader/researcher with the fundamentals of the process safety To provide most recent advancements and contributions in the given topic from practical point of view To provide readers views/opinions of the expert in each topic To provide guidance on the practice of the given topic The selection of the author(s) of each chapter from among the leading researchers and/or practitioners for each given topic
Experimental Coal Dust And Gas Explosions
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Author : John Nagy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1963
Experimental Coal Dust And Gas Explosions written by John Nagy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1963 with Coal categories.
Industrial Dust Explosions
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Author : Kenneth L. Cashdollar
language : en
Publisher: ASTM International
Release Date : 1987
Industrial Dust Explosions written by Kenneth L. Cashdollar and has been published by ASTM International this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Calibration categories.
An Introduction To Dust Explosions
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Author : Paul Amyotte
language : en
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
Release Date : 2013-05-14
An Introduction To Dust Explosions written by Paul Amyotte and has been published by Butterworth-Heinemann this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-14 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Preventable dust explosions continue to occur in industry in spite of significant research and practice efforts worldwide over many years. There is a need for effective understanding of the unique hazards posed by combustible dust. This book describes a number of dust explosion myths – which together cover the main source of dust explosion hazards – the reasons they exist and the corresponding scientific and engineering facts that mitigate these circumstances. An Introduction to Dust Explosions describes the main erroneous beliefs about the origin and propagation of dust explosions. It offers fact-based explanations for their occurrence and the impact of such events and provides a critical guide to managing and mitigating dust explosion risks. Designed to prevent accidents, injury, loss of life and capital damage An easy-to-read, scientifically rigorous treatment of the facts and fictions of dust explosions for those who need to – or ought to – understand dust explosions, their occurrence and consequences Enables the management and mitigation of these critical industrial hazards
Dust Explosions And Fires
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Author : K. N. Palmer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1973
Dust Explosions And Fires written by K. N. Palmer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with Technology & Engineering categories.