Genes Trade And Regulation
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Genes Trade And Regulation
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Author : Thomas Bernauer
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2016-06-28
Genes Trade And Regulation written by Thomas Bernauer and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-28 with Political Science categories.
Agricultural (or "green") biotechnology is a source of growing tensions in the global trading system, particularly between the United States and the European Union. Genetically modified food faces an uncertain future. The technology behind it might revolutionize food production around the world. Or it might follow the example of nuclear energy, which declined from a symbol of socioeconomic progress to become one of the most unpopular and uneconomical innovations in history. This book provides novel and thought-provoking insights into the fundamental policy issues involved in agricultural biotechnology. Thomas Bernauer explains global regulatory polarization and trade conflict in this area. He then evaluates cooperative and unilateral policy tools for coping with trade tensions. Arguing that the tools used thus far have been and will continue to be ineffective, he concludes that the risk of a full-blown trade conflict is high and may lead to reduced investment and the decline of the technology. Bernauer concludes with suggestions for policy reforms to halt this trajectory--recommendations that strike a sensible balance between public-safety concerns and private economic freedom--so that food biotechnology is given a fair chance to prove its environmental, health, humanitarian, and economic benefits. This book will equip companies, farmers, regulators, NGOs, academics, students, and the interested public--including both advocates and critics of green biotechnology--with a deeper understanding of the political, economic, and societal factors shaping the future of one of the most revolutionary technologies of our times.
Trading In Genes
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Author : Ricardo Melendez-Ortiz
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-06-17
Trading In Genes written by Ricardo Melendez-Ortiz and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-17 with Business & Economics categories.
Few scientific developments have given rise to as much controversy as biotechnology. Numerous groups are united in their opposition, expressing concern over environmental and health risks, impacts on rural livelihoods, the economic dominance of multinational companies and the ethical implications of crossing species boundaries. Among the supporters of the technology are those that believe in its potential to enhance food security, further economic development, increase productivity and reduce environmental pressures. As a result, countries - and sectors within countries - find themselves at odds with each other while potential opportunities for development offered by the use of biotechnology are seized or missed, and related risks go unmanaged. This book, a unique interdisciplinary collection of perspectives from the developing world, examines the ongoing debate. Writing for the International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, leading experts address issues such as diffusion of technology, intellectual property rights, the Cartagena Protocol, impacts of international trade, capacity building and biotechnology research and regulation. With the most recent and relevant examples from around the world, Trading in Genes offers the reader a single-volume overview of the connections between biotechnology, trade and sustainability that is both wide-ranging and thorough
Trading In Genes
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Author : Ricardo Meléndez-Ortiz
language : en
Publisher: Earthscan
Release Date : 2013
Trading In Genes written by Ricardo Meléndez-Ortiz and has been published by Earthscan this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Business & Economics categories.
Few scientific developments have given rise to as much controversy as biotechnology. Numerous groups are united in their opposition, expressing concern over environmental and health risks, impacts on rural livelihoods, the economic dominance of multinational companies and the ethical implications of crossing species boundaries. Among the supporters of the technology are those that believe in its potential to enhance food security, further economic development, increase productivity and reduce environmental pressures. As a result, countries - and sectors within countries - find themselves at odds with each other while potential opportunities for development offered by the use of biotechnology are seized or missed, and related risks go unmanaged. This book, a unique interdisciplinary collection of perspectives from the developing world, examines the ongoing debate. Writing for the International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, leading experts address issues such as diffusion of technology, intellectual property rights, the Cartagena Protocol, impacts of international trade, capacity building and biotechnology research and regulation. With the most recent and relevant examples from around the world, Trading in Genes offers the reader a single-volume overview of the connections between biotechnology, trade and sustainability that is both wide-ranging and thorough
Genetic Engineering And The World Trade System
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Author : Daniel Wüger
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Genetic Engineering And The World Trade System written by Daniel Wüger and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Biotechnology categories.
While the WTO agreements do not regulate the use of biotechnology per se, their rules can have a profound impact on the use of the technology for both commercial and non-commercial purposes. This book seeks to identify the challenges to international trade regulation that arise from biotechnology. The contributions examine whether existing international obligations of WTO Members are appropriate to deal with the issues arising for the use of biotechnology and whether there is a need for new international legal instruments, including a potential WTO Agreement on Biotechnology. They combine various perspectives on and topics relating to genetic engineering and trade, including human rights and gender; intellectual property rights; traditional knowledge and access and benefit sharing; food security, trade and agricultural production and food safety; and medical research, cloning and international trade.
Agricultural Biotechnology And Transatlantic Trade
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Author : Grant Isaac
language : en
Publisher: CABI
Release Date : 2002-02-21
Agricultural Biotechnology And Transatlantic Trade written by Grant Isaac and has been published by CABI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-02-21 with Science categories.
Genetically modified (GM) agricultural crops which are approved as safe in North America (Canada and the United States) are facing significant regulatory hurdles in gaining access to the European Union. The development and commercialization of GM crops illustrate a complex challenge facing trade diplomacy - the challenge of regulatory regionalism created by social regulatory barriers.
Trading In Genes
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Author : Ricardo Melendez-Ortiz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Trading In Genes written by Ricardo Melendez-Ortiz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Few scientific developments have given rise to as much controversy as biotechnology. Numerous groups are united in their opposition, expressing concern over environmental and health risks, impacts on rural livelihoods, the economic dominance of multinational companies and the ethical implications of crossing species boundaries. Among the supporters of the technology are those that believe in its potential to enhance food security, further economic development, increase productivity and reduce environmental pressures. As a result, countries - and sectors within countries - find themselves at odds with each other while potential opportunities for development offered by the use of biotechnology are seized or missed, and related risks go unmanaged. This book, a unique interdisciplinary collection of perspectives from the developing world, examines the ongoing debate. Writing for the International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, leading experts address issues such as diffusion of technology, intellectual property rights, the Cartagena Protocol, impacts of international trade, capacity building and biotechnology research and regulation. With the most recent and relevant examples from around the world, Trading in Genes offers the reader a single-volume overview of the connections between biotechnology, trade and sustainability that is both wide-ranging and thorough.
Genetically Modified Food
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Author : Marie Kreipe
language : en
Publisher: Diplomica Verlag
Release Date : 2010
Genetically Modified Food written by Marie Kreipe and has been published by Diplomica Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Business & Economics categories.
The controversial issue of genetically modified (GM) food is discussed in this book. While the United States (US) is a strong supporter of GM technology having adopted a rather lax regulation of trade with GM products, the European Union (EU) is representing a sceptical position towards this new technology and has even imposed a de facto moratorium on further approval of GM products from 1998 to 2004. The purpose of this book is an extensive analysis of the current status on risks and benefits of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and a suggestion on how an appropriate regulation of GM products could be derived. Potential guidelines are provided for policy formulation both in a qualitative and in a quantitative dimension. The US is applying the principle of substantial equivalence, which means that GM products are in their substance identical to products produced by conventional methods. Therefore, no new regulations are necessary for the trade with GM products. In contrast, the European Union (EU) disagrees that GM products are equivalent to their conventional counterparts due to the different production process. Instead, the EU refers to the precautionary principle in its GMO policy, meaning that trade with GM products should be restricted until it will be proven that no additional risks are implied by the use of these products. The divergence of opinions about the right policy to regulate GM products has significant impacts on trade flows and welfare effects. The US and the EU have already tried to resolve their dispute before the World Trade Organization (WTO). Relevant laws of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the WTO are presented as well as indications for a potential consensus.
The Regulatory Challenge Of Biotechnology
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Author : Han Somsen
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2007-01-01
The Regulatory Challenge Of Biotechnology written by Han Somsen and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-01 with Science categories.
. . . a compilation of 12 invaluable contributions on this issue by internationally known experts in their respective fields. . . a valuable resource for academic professionals, policy makers and legislators, advocacy groups and scholars in legal and development studies. It is a storehouse of learning and practical knowledge for anyone interested in environmental policy, biosafety issues, biotechnology processes and associated regulatory constraints. Marcelin Tonye Mahop, Review of European Community and International Environmental Law For bioethicists, legal scholars and regulators struggling with what controls to place on biotechnology, this is required reading. John Avellanet, Journal of Commercial Biotechnology Biotechnology has prompted a revolution in science and society in the truest sense of the word. For what superficially appears to be a revolution in biotechnology, in effect touches upon the fundamentals of life and the way in which humans relate to it. This book will make a significant contribution to the debate surrounding the effective regulation of biotechnology. The contributing authors assess how regulatory regimes can accommodate the many different and often conflicting issues to which biotechnology is giving rise to (including a very tainted public image). The book s ultimate aim is to explore ways of designing a regulatory regime that takes heed of these different demands whilst, at the same time, answering to the imperatives of effectiveness and efficiency. The book synthesizes three fields of legal analysis; the first focuses on the risk-dominated regulation of GM food and bio-agriculture; the second involves human genetics as a field dominated by considerations of ethics. Finally, patent law has been chosen as an area captured by notions of property. With its holistic approach, The Regulatory Challenge of Biotechnology will be of great interest to academics, policymakers and regulators as well as biotechnology and law students.
Regulation Of Genome Editing In Plant Biotechnology
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Author : Hans-Georg Dederer
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-08-16
Regulation Of Genome Editing In Plant Biotechnology written by Hans-Georg Dederer and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-16 with Law categories.
This book provides in-depth insights into the regulatory frameworks of five countries and the EU concerning the regulation of genome edited plants. The country reports form the basis for a comparative analysis of the various national regulations governing genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in general and genome edited plants in particular, as well as the underlying regulatory approaches.The reports, which focus on the regulatory status quo of genome edited plants in Argentina, Australia, Canada, the EU, Japan and the USA, were written by distinguished experts following a uniform structure. On this basis, the legal frameworks are compared in order to foster a rational assessment of which approaches could be drawn upon to adjust, or to completely realign, the current EU regime for GMOs. In addition, a separate chapter identifies potential best practices for the regulation of plants derived from genome editing.
Genetics And Other Human Modification Technologies
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Terrorism, Nonproliferation, and Trade
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Genetics And Other Human Modification Technologies written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Terrorism, Nonproliferation, and Trade and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Medical categories.