Genetic Diversity And Effects Of The Bacterial Pathogen Melissococcus Plutonius In Swiss Honey Bee Populations Apis Mellifera
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Genetic Diversity And Effects Of The Bacterial Pathogen Melissococcus Plutonius In Swiss Honey Bee Populations Apis Mellifera
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Author : Daniela Grossar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Genetic Diversity And Effects Of The Bacterial Pathogen Melissococcus Plutonius In Swiss Honey Bee Populations Apis Mellifera written by Daniela Grossar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
Thèse. Biologie. Médecine. 2023
Infection In Honey Bees
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Author : Giovanni Cilia
language : en
Publisher: Mdpi AG
Release Date : 2022-01-27
Infection In Honey Bees written by Giovanni Cilia and has been published by Mdpi AG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-27 with Science categories.
Honey -bee pathogens are spread worldwide and are strongly related to the decline of honey bee populations, with which has severe implications for beekeeping, honey production and ecology. Honey bee pathogens are continuously studied by researchers to with the aim to better understand the host--s-parasites relationship of these pathogens and the effects that they have on the bee coloniesy. Honey bee pathogens include bacteria (i.e. i.e., Melissococcus plutonius and Paenibacillus larvae), microsporidia (i.e. i.e., Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae), fungi (i.e. i.e., Ascosphaera apis), protozoa (i.e. i.e., Lotmaria passim, Crithidia bombi and Crithidia mellificae) and viruses (i.e. i.e., ABPV, CBPV, IAPV, KBV, DWV, BQCV and SBV). All of these pathogens are able to infect other bee species; infections would have with important implications in for their life cycles (e.g. e.g., Osmia sp. and Bombus sp.) or cause unknown epidemiological effects for other hymenopterans. BesidesIn addition, old and new invasive pests (such as Varroa destructor, Aethina tumida, Vespa velutina, etc.) necessitate more studies to definite define their role as possible vectors or possible sources of infection for honey bees. For these reasons, knowledge on honey -bee pathogens has become a matter of public interest and is connected with the critical role of honey -bee health. The aim of this Special Issue is to explore honey bee pathogens, considering any aspect in relation to host-pathogen interaction and highlighting the possible interaction and spillover with other bee species and invasive pests, through a series of research articles focusing that focus on different aspects of pathologies.
The Potential Impact Of Pathogens On Honey Bee Apis Mellifera L Colonies And Possibilities For Their Control
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Author : Suresh Desai
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
The Potential Impact Of Pathogens On Honey Bee Apis Mellifera L Colonies And Possibilities For Their Control written by Suresh Desai and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Excessive honey bee colony losses all over the world are believed to be caused by multiple stressors. In this thesis, I characterized and quantified pathogen levels in honey bee colonies, studied their interactions with each other and with their associated parasite vectors, examined factors that influence their combined impacts on honey bees and developed methods to manage honey bee viruses so that colony losses can be minimized. My baseline study of virus prevalence and concentration in healthy and unhealthy (showing visible signs of disease) colonies in Canada showed that seven economically important viruses (DWV, BQCV, IAPV, KBV, SBV, ABPV, and CBPV) were all widely distributed in Canada. Differences in concentration and prevalence of some viruses were found between unhealthy and healthy colonies but these differences may have been due in part to seasonal or regional effects. Studies of the impact of viruses on worker bee populations over winter showed different factors were correlated with bee loss in different environments. Spring concentrations of DWV and mean abundance of Varroa (Varroa destructor) were positively correlated with bee loss and negatively correlated with spring population size in outdoor-wintered colonies. Fall concentration of IAPV was negatively correlated with spring population size of colonies in indoor-wintering environments but not in outdoor-environments. My study showed that it is important to consider location of sampling when associating pathogen loads with bee loss with Nosema and BQCV. Seasonal patterns of parasites and pathogens were characterized for each wintering methods (indoor and outdoor). My results revealed lower ABPV and Nosema ceranae prevalence and lower DWV concentration in genetically diverse than genetically similar colonies. I showed that within colony genetic diversity may be an important evolutionary adaptation to allow honey bees to defend against a wide range of diseases. In laboratory studies, I showed that feeding DWV to larvae in the absence of Varroa causes wing deformity and decreased survival rates of adult bees relative to bees not fed DWV. Finally, I showed that RNA silencing can be used to reduce DWV concentrations in immature and adult bees, reduce wing deformity in emerging adults, and increase their longevity relative to controls.
Old World Honey Bee Apis Mellifera Populations
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Author : Megan Alana Taylor
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Old World Honey Bee Apis Mellifera Populations written by Megan Alana Taylor and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Based on microsatellite analysis, Old World honey bee subspecies (A. m. ligustica, A. m. carnica, and A. m. caucasica) had similar levels of overall allelic richness compared to U.S. commercial strains and New World feral populations. However, Old World subspecies contained almost half (47%) of all unique alleles found. The remainder were distributed among U.S. commercial strains (15%) and New World feral populations (38%). Unfortunately, because feral populations have been largely reduced due to the parasitic mite Varroa destructor, U.S. commercial queen producer strains are a more realistic predictor of current genetic diversity within the U.S. Results also indicated that there were significant losses in overall allelic richness through time (QP 2015 vs QP 2004 and QP 1994; p
Asian Beekeeping In The 21st Century
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Author : Panuwan Chantawannakul
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-06-01
Asian Beekeeping In The 21st Century written by Panuwan Chantawannakul and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-01 with Science categories.
From the perspective of local scientists, this book provides insight into bees and bee management of Asia, with a special focus on honey bees. Asia is home to at least nine honey bee species, including the introduced European honey bee, Apis mellifera. Although A. mellifera and the native Asian honey bee, Apis cerana, are the most commonly employed species for commercial beekeeping, the remaining non-managed native honey bee species have important ecological and economic roles on the continent. Species distributions of most honey bee species overlap in Southeast Asia, thus promoting the potential for interspecies transmission of pests and parasites, as well as their spread to other parts of the world by human translocation. Losses of managed A. mellifera colonies is of great concern around the world, including in Asia. Such global colony losses are believed to be caused, in part, by pests and parasites originating from Asia such as the mite Varroa destructor, the microsporidian Nosema ceranae, and several bee viruses. Taking advantage of the experience of leading regional bee researchers, this book provides insight into the current situation of bees and bee management in Asia. Recent introductions of honey bee parasites of Asian origin to other parts of the world ensures that the contents of this book are broadly relevant to bee scientists, researchers, government offi cials, and the general public around the world.
Probiotics And Prebiotics In Animal Health And Food Safety
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Author : Diana Di Gioia
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-02-27
Probiotics And Prebiotics In Animal Health And Food Safety written by Diana Di Gioia and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-27 with Medical categories.
This book discusses the role of probiotics and prebiotics in maintaining the health status of a broad range of animal groups used for food production. It also highlights the use of beneficial microorganisms as protective agents in animal derived foods. The book provides essential information on the characterization and definition of probiotics on the basis of recently released guidelines and reflecting the latest trends in bacterial taxonomy. Last but not least, it discusses the concept of “dead” probiotics and their benefits to animal health in detail. The book will benefit all professors, students, researchers and practitioners in academia and industry whose work involves biotechnology, veterinary sciences or food production.
Good Beekeeping Practices For Sustainable Apiculture
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Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2021-09-21
Good Beekeeping Practices For Sustainable Apiculture written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-21 with Social Science categories.
Bees provide a critical link in the maintenance of ecosystems, pollination. They play a major role in maintaining biodiversity, ensuring the survival of many plants, enhancing forest regeneration, providing sustainability and adaptation to climate change and improving the quality and quantity of agricultural production systems. In fact, close to 75 percent of the world’s crops that produce fruits and seeds for human consumption depend, at least in part, on pollinators for sustained production, yield and quality. Beekeeping, also called apiculture, refers to all activities concerned with the practical management of social bee species. These guidelines aim to provide useful information and suggestions for a sustainable management of bees around the world, which can then be applied to project development and implementation.
Microbiota Of The Human Body
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Author : Andreas Schwiertz
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-05-09
Microbiota Of The Human Body written by Andreas Schwiertz and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-09 with Science categories.
Microbes can now be found in nearly every niche the human body offers. However, the complexity of the microbiota of a given site depends on the particular environmental condition thereof. Only microbes which are able to grow under these conditions, will prevail. Recent publications imply that the microorganisms do not only have multiple, critical consequences for host physiological processes such as postnatal development, immunomodulation and energy supply, but also effects on neurodevelopment, behavior and cognition. Within this book we will focus on the techniques behind these developments, epigenomics and on the various parts of the human body which are inhabited by microorganism such as the mouth, the gut, the skin and the vagina. In addition, chapters are dedicated to the possible manipulations of the microbiota by probiotics, prebiotics and faecal transplantation.
Who Guidelines On Use Of Medically Important Antimicrobials In Food Producing Animals
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2017-11-10
Who Guidelines On Use Of Medically Important Antimicrobials In Food Producing Animals written by World Health Organization and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-10 with Business & Economics categories.
WHO has launched new guidelines on use of medically important antimicrobials in food-producing animals, recommending that farmers and the food industry stop using antibiotics routinely to promote growth and prevent disease in healthy animals. These guidelines aim to help preserve the effectiveness of antibiotics that are important for human medicine by reducing their use in animals.
Industrial Entomology
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Author : Omkar
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-02-13
Industrial Entomology written by Omkar and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-13 with Science categories.
This book is a compilation of writings focused on conventional and unconventional insect products. Some of these products are commercials successes, while others are waiting to be launched and are the potential produce of the future. In addition to the well known products honey, mulberry silk, and lac, the book primarily concentrates on silk producing insects other than the mulberry silkworm, insects as food, as sources of medicines, pest and weed managers, and as pollinators. The book highlights the all pervasive role of insects in improving human lives at multiple levels. Accordingly, while most books on insects concentrate on how to limit growth in their population, it instead focuses on how to propagate them. In each chapter, the book brings to the fore how insects are far more beneficial to us than their well publicised harmful roles. This book approaches both unconventional and conventional insect products, such as honey, silk and lac in much more depth than the available literature. It investigates different aspects of the production of these insects, such as the related processes, problems and utilities, in dedicated chapters. Because this book deals with the production of insects or their produce, it has been named Industrial Entomology, perhaps the only book that truly reveals the tremendous potential of insects to help humans live better lives. Based on the research and working experience of the contributors, who are global experts in their respective fields, it provides authentic, authoritative and updated information on these topics. The book offers a unique guide for students, teachers, policy planners, small scale industrialists, and government ministries of agriculture and industry across the globe. It will provide a much required stimulus to insect appreciation and generate enthusiasm for research and the broader acceptance for insect produce. Hopefully, it will also present the Indian perspective on these topics to a global readership.