Genetic Molecular Analysis Of Hybrid Incompatibility In Drosophila
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Genetic Molecular Analysis Of Hybrid Incompatibility In Drosophila
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Author : Arundhati Shamoni Maheshwari
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Genetic Molecular Analysis Of Hybrid Incompatibility In Drosophila written by Arundhati Shamoni Maheshwari and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Over evolutionary time genomes diverge by acquiring new mutations, some of which isolate species by erecting reproductive barriers. The study of such genes sheds light on how fundamental developmental processes diverge and result in new species. Hybrid incompatibility (HI) genes contribute to speciation by causing the sterility and inviability of interspecific offspring. The Hmr (Hybrid male rescue) and Lhr (Lethal hybrid rescue) genes are a major cause of hybrid lethality between Drosophila melanogaster and its sibling species D. simulans. Hybrid sons from this cross are normally inviable; however by mutating either the D. melanogaster ortholog of Hmr or the D. simulans ortholog of Lhr, viable adult hybrid sons are recovered. Like other HI genes, both Lhr and Hmr are rapidly evolving under selection. In the first study, I asked whether the evolutionary history of selection for Hmr is confined to the hybridizing lineages. I conducted a population genetic survey of Hmr alleles from two sister species D. yakuba and D. santomea, whose common ancestor diverged from the common ancestor of D. melanogaster and D. simulans approximately 10 Myrs ago. I found that Hmr has diverged recurrently under positive selection in multiple independent speciation events, suggesting that Hmr is likely to be functionally diverging in multiple species. In the second study, I examined the molecular nature of functional divergence for the HI gene, Lhr. Strikingly, I found that despite rapid evolution of the Lhr coding sequence, hybrid lethal activity is not a derived function specific to one lineage, but instead a conserved function shared by both Lhr orthologs. Examination of the heterochromatic localization patterns of Lhr orthologs also failed to reveal any evidence of functional divergence. Instead I discovered that regulatory divergence underlies the asymmetric hybrid lethal activities of Lhr orthologs. In the last study, I identified Lhr2, a D. simulans Lhr allele with a highly unusual coding sequence, as a hybrid rescue mutation. I used it to identify a conserved region in the C-terminus of the LHR protein that is critical for hybrid incompatibility. Using the Lhr2 allele I was able to assay the effect of an indel polymorphism that was segregating in the common ancestor of D. melanogaster and D. simulans on hybrid incompatibility. Notably, I found that this indel polymorphism contributes significantly to the functional divergence of Lhr.
Cumulated Index Medicus
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1972
Cumulated Index Medicus written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with Medicine categories.
Evolutionary Biology Exobiology And Evolutionary Mechanisms
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Author : Pierre Pontarotti
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-07-03
Evolutionary Biology Exobiology And Evolutionary Mechanisms written by Pierre Pontarotti and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-03 with Science categories.
This book presents 19 selected contributions to the 16th Evolutionary Biology Meeting, which took place in September 2012 in Marseilles. The aims of these annual meetings, which gather together leading evolutionary biologists and other scientists, are to promote the exchange of ideas and to encourage interdisciplinary collaborations. The first chapter deals with the history of a great discovery: The first experiments on ascidian and sea urchin egg fertilization. The remaining contributions are grouped under the following categories: · Evolutionary biology concepts · Exobiology and the origin of life · Evolutionary mechanisms Offering an up-to-date overview of recent findings in the field of evolutionary biology, this book is an invaluable source of information for scientists, teachers and advanced students.
Polyploid And Hybrid Genomics
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Author : Z. Jeffrey Chen
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2013-04-05
Polyploid And Hybrid Genomics written by Z. Jeffrey Chen and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-05 with Science categories.
Polyploidy plays an important role in biological diversity, trait improvement, and plant species survival. Understanding the evolutionary phenomenon of polyploidy is a key challenge for plant and crop scientists. This book is made up of contributions from leading researchers in the field from around the world, providing a truly global review of the subject. Providing broad-ranging coverage, and up-to-date information from some of the world’s leading researchers, this book is an invaluable resource for geneticists, plant and crop scientists, and evolutionary biologists.
Rapidly Evolving Genes And Genetic Systems
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Author : Rama S. Singh
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2012-06-28
Rapidly Evolving Genes And Genetic Systems written by Rama S. Singh and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-28 with Medical categories.
A range of theories on the rates of evolution-from static to gradual to punctuated to quantum-have been developed, mostly by comparing morphological changes over geological timescales as described in the fossil record.
Epistasis And The Evolutionary Process
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Author : Jason B. Wolf
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Epistasis And The Evolutionary Process written by Jason B. Wolf and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Science categories.
Over the last two decades, research into epistasis has seen explosive growth and has moved the focus of research in evolutionary genetics from a traditional additive approach. We now know the effects of genes are rarely independent, and to reach a fuller understanding of the process of evolution we need to look at gene interactions as well as gene-environment interactions. This book is an overview of non-additive evolutionary genetics, integrating all work to date on all levels of evolutionary investigation of the importance of epistasis in the evolutionary process in general. It includes a historical perspective on this emerging field, in-depth discussion of terminology, discussions of the effects of epistasis at several different levels of biological organization and combinations of theoretical and experimental approaches to analysis.
Genetics Abstracts
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Genetics Abstracts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Genetics categories.
Systematics And The Origin Of Species
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Author : National Academy of Sciences
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2005-10-28
Systematics And The Origin Of Species written by National Academy of Sciences and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-10-28 with Science categories.
In December 2004, the National Academy of Sciences sponsored a colloquium on "Systematics and the Origin of Species" to celebrate Ernst Mayr's 100th anniversary and to explore current knowledge concerning the origin of species. In 1942, Ernst Mayr, one of the twentieth century's greatest scientists, published Systematics and the Origin of Species, a seminal book of the modern theory of evolution, where he advanced the significance of population variation in the understanding of evolutionary process and the origin of new species. Mayr formulated the transition from Linnaeus's static species concept to the dynamic species concept of the modern theory of evolution and emphasized the species as a community of populations, the role of reproductive isolation, and the ecological interactions between species. In addition to a preceding essay by Edward O. Wilson, this book includes the 16 papers presented by distinguished evolutionists at the colloquium. The papers are organized into sections covering the origins of species barriers, the processes of species divergence, the nature of species, the meaning of "species," and genomic approaches for understanding diversity and speciation.
Encyclopedia Of Evolutionary Biology
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2016-04-14
Encyclopedia Of Evolutionary Biology written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-14 with Science categories.
Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology, Four Volume Set is the definitive go-to reference in the field of evolutionary biology. It provides a fully comprehensive review of the field in an easy to search structure. Under the collective leadership of fifteen distinguished section editors, it is comprised of articles written by leading experts in the field, providing a full review of the current status of each topic. The articles are up-to-date and fully illustrated with in-text references that allow readers to easily access primary literature. While all entries are authoritative and valuable to those with advanced understanding of evolutionary biology, they are also intended to be accessible to both advanced undergraduate and graduate students. Broad topics include the history of evolutionary biology, population genetics, quantitative genetics; speciation, life history evolution, evolution of sex and mating systems, evolutionary biogeography, evolutionary developmental biology, molecular and genome evolution, coevolution, phylogenetic methods, microbial evolution, diversification of plants and fungi, diversification of animals, and applied evolution. Presents fully comprehensive content, allowing easy access to fundamental information and links to primary research Contains concise articles by leading experts in the field that ensures current coverage of each topic Provides ancillary learning tools like tables, illustrations, and multimedia features to assist with the comprehension process
Advances In Genetics
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 1997-09-13
Advances In Genetics written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-09-13 with Science categories.
Advances in Genetics increases its focus on modern human genetics and its relation to medicine with the merger of this long-standing serial with Molecular Genetic Medicine. This merger affirms theAcademic Press commitment to publish important reviews of the broadest interest to geneticists and their colleagues in affiliated disciplines.