Genetics Of Yield Heterosis In Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
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Genetics Of Yield Heterosis In Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
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Author : Jhansi Rani
language : en
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2014-01
Genetics Of Yield Heterosis In Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by Jhansi Rani and has been published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01 with categories.
Post rainy sorghum is unique to India, which is mostly grown on residual soil moisture in southern states, subjected to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Keeping in view the low heterosis in post rainy hybrids compared to rainy season hybrids, the study was taken up with 41 genotypes to enumerate the approaches for enhancing the level of heterosis. There was a positive relationship between heterosis for grain yield and major yield components. Genetic diversity analysis showed importance of inter as well as intra group divergence in expression of heterosis. There was a general positive trend between hybrid yield and sca effect but at least one general combiner was involved in highest yielding crosses and there was positive relationship between heterosis and mean gca of parents. Major yield components were controlled by non additive gene effects hence it is proposed to breed parental lines with high gca effect with capability to produce high sca effect in hybrid combination to enhance the level of heterosis and productivity. The information in this book is useful for sorghum breeders and geneticists for formulating effective crop improvement programme.
Genetic Analysis Of Yield And Its Components In Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench I Heterosis Combining Ability And The Nature Of Genetic Variation In 9x9 Diallel Set Ii Heterosis Combining Ability And Components Of Generation Means In A4x5 Line X Tester Set
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Author : Patil R C.
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
Genetic Analysis Of Yield And Its Components In Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench I Heterosis Combining Ability And The Nature Of Genetic Variation In 9x9 Diallel Set Ii Heterosis Combining Ability And Components Of Generation Means In A4x5 Line X Tester Set written by Patil R C. and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with categories.
Heterosis Combining Ability And Breeding Potential Studies For Grain Yield And Yield Components In Guinea Sorghums Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
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Author : Aboubacar Toure
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Heterosis Combining Ability And Breeding Potential Studies For Grain Yield And Yield Components In Guinea Sorghums Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by Aboubacar Toure and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Sorghum categories.
Performance Stability Parameters Genetic Effects And Prediction Of Performance In Single Three Way And Double Cross Hybrids Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
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Author : George Anthony Ombakho
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Performance Stability Parameters Genetic Effects And Prediction Of Performance In Single Three Way And Double Cross Hybrids Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by George Anthony Ombakho and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with categories.
Combining Ability And Heterosis Studies For Adaptation In Newly Developed Male And Female Inbreds Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
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Author : German Jose Perez
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
Combining Ability And Heterosis Studies For Adaptation In Newly Developed Male And Female Inbreds Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by German Jose Perez and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Hybrid sorghum categories.
Genetic Analysis Of Yield And Yield Components To Enhance The Level Of Heterosis In Sorghum Sorghum Bieolor L Moench
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Author : K. Jhansi Rani
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Genetic Analysis Of Yield And Yield Components To Enhance The Level Of Heterosis In Sorghum Sorghum Bieolor L Moench written by K. Jhansi Rani and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
Research Progress Report On Inheritance And Improvement Of Protein Quality And Content In Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1977
Research Progress Report On Inheritance And Improvement Of Protein Quality And Content In Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Plant breeding categories.
Agronomic Genetic And Genomic Approaches For Predicting Heterosis In Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
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Author : Frank Maulana
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Agronomic Genetic And Genomic Approaches For Predicting Heterosis In Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by Frank Maulana and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
The approach used to identify inbred lines that can produce superior hybrids is costly and time-consuming. It requires creation of all possible crosses and evaluation of the crosses to estimate combining abilities for the desired traits. Predicting heterosis or hybrid performance in any way possible may help to reduce the number of crosses to be made and evaluated. In this study, four sets of experiments were conducted to determine whether heterosis can be predicted based on inbred line performance, genetic distance between parents and genomic prediction model. The first experiment was aimed at assessing the levels of genetic diversity, population structure and linkage disequilibrium (LD) in 279 public sorghum inbred lines, based on 66,265 SNPs generated using the genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) platform. The inbred lines were developed at different times over the last two decades and harbor robust diversity in pedigree and agronomic characteristics. Some of the inbreds are resistant to Acetolactate synthase (ALS) and Acetyl co-enzyme-A carboxylase (ACC) inhibitor herbicides. The mean polymorphic information content (PIC) and gene diversity across the entire inbreds were 0.35 and 0.46, respectively with non-herbicide resistant inbreds harboring more diversity than the herbicide resistant ones. The population structure analysis clustered the inbred lines into three major subgroups according to pedigree and fertility-reaction with the maintainer lines (B-lines) distinctly forming a separate cluster. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed more variation within subgroups than among subgroups. Substantial linkage disequilibrium (LD) was detected between the markers in the population with marked variation between chromosomes. This information may facilitate the use of the inbreds in sorghum breeding programs and provide perspectives for optimizing marker density for gene mapping and marker-assisted breeding. The second experiment, based on 102 F1 hybrids developed by intercrossing closely and distantly related inbreds, was conducted to investigate the relationship of genetic distance between parents with hybrid vigor or heterosis. The F1 hybrids alongside their parents were evaluated at two environments in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results show that correlations of genetic distance between parents with hybrid performance and heterosis were variable and dependent on the trait. Though most were statistically non-significant and not strong to be used as predictor for heterosis, the results tend to show that certain level of genetic distance between parents is needed to capture maximum heterosis and hybrid performance. The objective of the third research study was to determine whether traits measured on parents can be used to predict hybrid performance in sorghum and to assess the combining ability of selected inbreds. Forty-six parental inbred lines and 75 F1 hybrids generated from intercrossing the inbreds were evaluated in four environments in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The average performance of the parents (mid-parent) was significantly correlated with hybrid performance for thousand kernel weight, days to flowering and plant height. Significant general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities were observed for most traits, with highly significant GCA effects observed for most traits as compared to SCA indicating that additive genetic effects are more important in affecting the inheritance of the traits measured. Results show that studying parental inbred line performance could generate important information for predicting hybrid performance in sorghum. The fourth experiment was aimed at assessing the efficacy of genomic prediction of hybrid performance in sorghum. Genomic prediction was performed with five-fold cross-validation procedure on 204 F1 hybrids developed using 102 inbred lines. A total of 66,265 SNP markers generated using genotyping-by-sequencing were used in this study. Results showed that increasing training population size increased prediction accuracies for all traits with the effect being different for different traits. Also, considering additive effects alone versus additive and dominance effects in the model showed similar trend of prediction accuracy but the full model (considering both additive and dominance effects of the markers) provided better prediction at least for some of the traits. The results suggest that genomic prediction could become an effective tool for predicting the performance of untested sorghum hybrids thus adding efficiency to hybrid selection.
Studies On Genetic Parameters Of Agronomic Grain Structure And Malting Characteristics Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
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Author : José Geraldo Eugênio De França
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Studies On Genetic Parameters Of Agronomic Grain Structure And Malting Characteristics Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by José Geraldo Eugênio De França and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Heterosis categories.
This study had two distinct components: an agronomic/breeding segment and a sorghum malt component. The first consisted of field avaluation for traits related to agronomic performance, combinig ability, and heterosis. It was conducted during 1988 and 1989. The 1988 trial, with 51 genotypes, was sown at College Station and Halfway, TX. During 1989, the trial consisted of 7 females and 13 male parents, their 91 hybrids, a common check (ATx399*RTx430), and another hybrid check in one subset (ATx399*sc103-12E) to balance the whole design. It was conducted at College Station, Halfway, Chillicothe, and Corpus Christi, TX. In the first year each trial was divided into 4 subsets, while during the second, the trial consisted of 8 subsets, each with 15 experiment units.Hybrids, generally had larger panicles and higher yields, were taller, reached anthesis earlier, showed superior harvest indices, and lodged more than the parents. Combinig ability and GCA:SCA mean square ratios showed that general combinig ability variances were significant for all the variables studied. It showed also that additive variance was more important in controlling the genetic expression for the traits measured. The most superior parental lines for grain yield, across environments were ATx631, ATx623, ATx378, RTx430, R8505, VG146 and Dorado. Grain was saved from the field trials to be used in evaluation of some grain and malt characteristics. Sorghum beer is an important components of Africa culture and is used as a food or drink in many (...).
The Inheritance Of Fermentable Carbohydrates In Stems Of Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
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Author : John William Clark
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
The Inheritance Of Fermentable Carbohydrates In Stems Of Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by John William Clark and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Sorghum categories.
Two inheritance studies were conducted at College Station, Texas, to determine the nature and mode of inheritance of fermentablecarbohydrates in stems of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. harvested stems were stripped and topped, and the juice extracted on a cane press mill. Carbohydrates yield was defined as the sum of the glucose, fructose, sucrose and starch concentration in the juice times the volume of juice extracted. In one study involving 16 F1 hybrids from 2 female and 8 male parents, general cambining ability (GCA) values were significant for carbohydrate yield, juice volume and each of the carbohydrate fractions. Specific combining ability (SCA) values were significant only for glucose, fructose and sucrose. The predominance of additive over non-additivegenetic variance was confirmed by a GCA/SCA ratio of 13.6 for carbohydrate yield. Correlation and regression analysis indicated that juice volume and sucrose were the most important components of carbohydrate yield. Glucose, fructose and starch contributed only slightly more to the statistical model for predicting carbohydrates yield. Although the average heterosis effect was small and negative, 7 of the hybrids yielded more stem carbohydrate than the better parent. In addition, an average positive heterosis was found for yield of fresh heads, suggesting that higher grain yields of hybrids would offset any loss of stem carbohydrate. Another study consisted of 5 parents and the 10 F1 hybrids of a one-way diallel cross. The aprents represented a range (...).