Geology Geochemistry And Formation Of Supergene Mineral Deposits In Deeply Weathered Terrain
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Geology Geochemistry And Formation Of Supergene Mineral Deposits In Deeply Weathered Terrain
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Author : Robert J. Bowell
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2025-05-27
Geology Geochemistry And Formation Of Supergene Mineral Deposits In Deeply Weathered Terrain written by Robert J. Bowell and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-05-27 with Science categories.
This book provides a comprehensive overview of the major supergene mineral deposits formed in intensely weathered lateritic terrains. It discusses both contemporary and pre-existing supergene deposits, describing their geological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics. Supergene processes of enrichment are those that occur under ambient near-surface conditions, compared to hypogene processes mostly at depth under higher temperatures and pressures. Supergene processes include the predominance of meteoric water circulation with concomitant oxidation and chemical weathering. Descending meteoric waters oxidize the primary (hypogene) minerals and redistribute the chemical elements. Residual supergene enrichment occurs as a physical process when the predominant rock-forming minerals oxidize and dissolve, concentrating ore elements hosted in resistant stable minerals; absolute chemical enrichment occurs when the ore elements themselves are leached and migrate in groundwater and precipitate due changes in the pH, oxidation potential and chemical composition of water. These processes can enrich commercially important elements to produce orebodies formed entirely by supergene processes. These include Al (bauxite), Fe ore, Ni-Co laterites, kaolinite, REE (clay deposits), Nb and REE (on carbonatites), base metals (secondary sulfides and oxidate minerals including gossans), gold and surficial U (in calcretes).
Regional Studies And Specific Deposits
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Author : Bozzano G Luisa
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Regional Studies And Specific Deposits written by Bozzano G Luisa and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Nature categories.
Regional Studies and Specific Deposits deals with regional studies of strata-bound and stratiform ore deposits. Topics covered include the geological association between coal and metallic ores; the genesis of iron ores in banded iron-formation (BIF) by supergene and supergene-metamorphic processes; mineral zoning in sediment-hosted copper deposits; and the formation of gossans. The role of hydrothermal karst phenomena in the formation of Mississippi Valley-type deposits is also discussed. Comprised of five chapters, this volume begins with a review of the geological association of coal and metallic ores, focusing in particular on which metallic accumulations could be expected to be possibly present, within or close to the coal. The next chapter examines the origin of strata-bound enrichment deposits derived from BIF and presents the basic conceptual model for BIF-derived iron ores. The evolution of sulfide mineral zonation in low-temperature, sediment-hosted copper deposits is then evaluated. The book also describes the processes underlying the formation of gossans before concluding with an analysis of the hydrothermal karst phenomena as a factor in the development of Mississippi Valley-type deposits. This handbook will be useful to students, practitioners, and researchers in the fields of energy and earth sciences, mineralogy, mining, and metallurgy.
Earth S Oldest Rocks
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Author : Martin J. Van Kranendonk
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2007-10-26
Earth S Oldest Rocks written by Martin J. Van Kranendonk and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10-26 with Science categories.
Earth's Oldest Rocks provides a comprehensive overview of all aspects of early Earth, from planetary accretion through to development of protocratons with depleted lithospheric keels by c. 3.2 Ga, in a series of papers written by over 50 of the world's leading experts. The book is divided into two chapters on early Earth history, ten chapters on the geology of specific cratons, and two chapters on early Earth analogues and the tectonic framework of early Earth. Individual contributions address topics that range from planetary accretion, a review of Earth meteorites, significance and composition of Hadean protocrust, composition of Archaean mantle and deep crust, all aspects of the geology of Paleoarchean cratons, composition of Archean oceans and hydrothermal environments, evidence and geological settings of early life, early Earth analogues from Venus and New Zealand, and a tectonic framework for early Earth.* Contains comprehensive reviews of areas of ancient lithosphere on Earth, of planetary accretion processes, and of meteorites* Focuses on specific aspects of early Earth, including oldest putative life forms, evidence of the composition of the ancient atmosphere-hydrosphere, and the oldest evidence for subduction-accretion* Presents an overview of geological processes and model of the tectonic framework on early Earth
Metals And Society
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Author : Nicholas Arndt
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-07-15
Metals And Society written by Nicholas Arndt and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-15 with Science categories.
This book is a comprehensive overview of economic geology for the general geologist and anyone else interested in the minerals industry and the global supply of raw materials. It includes some thought-provoking statements and questions for discussion on globalisation and current practices in the minerals industry. In the second edition, all chapters have been extensively revised, and a new author has been added to increase coverage of some mineral deposits and topics. The economic issues surrounding the exploitation of mineral resources is discussed in three of the six chapters of the book. It deals with issues that are commonly addressed in current science reporting – the rate of exploitation of natural resources, the question of when or if these resources will be exhausted, the pollution and social disturbance that accompanies mining, the compromises and challenges that arise from the explosion in demand from China, India and other rapidly developing countries, and the moral issues that surround mining of metals in lesser-developed countries for consumption in the “first-world” countries. The book will be useful both as an introductory text for students in the earth sciences and a reference volume for students, teachers and researchers of geography, economics and the social sciences.
Regolith Exploration Geochemistry In Tropical And Subtropical Terrains
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Author : C.R.M. Butt
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2015-12-04
Regolith Exploration Geochemistry In Tropical And Subtropical Terrains written by C.R.M. Butt and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-04 with Science categories.
The use of exploration geochemistry has increased enormously in the last decade. The present volume specifically addresses those geochemical exploration practices appropriate for tropical, sub-tropical and adjacent areas – in environments ranging from rainforest to desert. Practical recommendations are made for the optimization of sampling, and analytical and interpretational procedures for exploration according to the particular nature of tropically weathered terrains. The underlying theme is the recognition that regions between 35°N and 35°S in particular have a common history of deep chemical weathering and lateritization during the late Mesozoic and early Tertiary. This has had a profound and lasting effect, so that the surface geochemical expressions of mineralization throughout these regions have many similar features, with local modification due to more recent weathering under changed climates.The volume discusses the data derived from numerous research and case studies in terms of exploration and dispersion models based on the weathering and geomorphological history. The models permit valid comparisons between equivalent terrains that may be geographically widely separated and situated in quite different climatic environments. The basis of the volume is to view geochemical dispersion within the context of a genetic understanding of the evolution of landforms and the regolith (i.e. landscape geochemistry) and to develop exploration procedures based on this understanding.This book should be of interest to exploration geochemists, economic geologists, soil scientists, geomorphologists and environmental geochemists.
Geochemical Exploration In Deeply Weathered Terrain
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Author : Raymond E. Smith
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983
Geochemical Exploration In Deeply Weathered Terrain written by Raymond E. Smith and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Geochemical prospecting categories.
Exploration Geophysics
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Exploration Geophysics written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Prospecting categories.
Platinum Nickel Chromium Deposits
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Author : Swapan Kumar Haldar
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2016-08-10
Platinum Nickel Chromium Deposits written by Swapan Kumar Haldar and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-10 with Science categories.
Platinum-Nickel-Chromium Deposits: Geology, Exploration, and Reserve Base is the first reference book to combine information on the discovery of numerous minerals within existing deposits. This book recognizes the close affinity and great natural coexistence of platinum, palladium, chromium, nickel, copper, gold, and silver hosted by unique stratigraphy (mafic-ultramafic intrusive of layered ingenious complex) in a diverse structural set up. The chapters are organized in a logical sequence of introductory physical and chemical properties, demand-supply scenario, price trend, substitution-recycling and uses of these metals, stratigraphy and host rocks, geochemistry, global distribution of existing deposits in six mega continents, genetic system, reserves-resources overview, common characteristic features aiding as exploration guides for new targets, hazards, and sustainable development. This reference book is a must for students, research scholars, teachers, and professional explorers in economic geology, geography, and allied subjects. Presents over 150 full color illustrations including maps, diagrams, and charts Illustrates the key concepts in a clear and informative manner Authored by one of the world’s leading geoscientists Provides unique coverage of high value mineral deposits through an approach accessible to industry professionals, academic researchers, and students alike
The Challenge Of Finding New Mineral Resources
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
The Challenge Of Finding New Mineral Resources written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Copper alloys categories.
These articles highlight current understanding of several of the world's major metallogenic provinces and ore deposit types, describe proven and more speculative exploration concepts and techniques, and document some notable recent exploration successes.
Nickel 96 Mineral To Market
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Author : Eric J. Grimsey
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Nickel 96 Mineral To Market written by Eric J. Grimsey and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Business & Economics categories.