Gewaltenteilung Und Souver Nit T Bei John Locke
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Gewaltenteilung Und Souver Nit T Bei John Locke
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Author :
language : de
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2006-03-17
Gewaltenteilung Und Souver Nit T Bei John Locke written by and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-03-17 with Political Science categories.
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2005 im Fachbereich Politik - Politische Theorie und Ideengeschichte, Note: 2,0, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (Geschwister-Scholl-Institut München), Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: John Lockes politisches Denken und Handeln kann nur im Kontext der gesellschafts-politischen Veränderungen im England des 17.Jahrhunderts verstanden werden. Aus einer bürgerlichen Familie stammend, ist Locke nicht zuletzt aufgrund seiner engen Freundschaft zu Lord Ashley (ab 1672 Earl of Shaftesbury) dem politischen Lager der Whigs zuzuordnen. Zuvor hatte sich das Parlament während der exclusion crisis (1679-1681) in zwei Lager gespalten. Die bürgerliche Klasse (Whigs) kämpfte darum, den Aristokraten (Tories) des überkommenen Feudalsystems politischen Einfluß zu entziehen. Dabei treten die Whigs für konstitutionelle Freiheiten und einen naturrechtlich begründeten Gesellschaftsvertrag ein und wollen den Ausschluß (exclusion) des zum Katholizismus konvertierten James II. von der Thronfolge erreichen. Genau in dieser Zeit, also mehrere Jahre vor der Glorious Revolution 1688/89, schreibt Locke sein politisches Hauptwerk “Two Treatises of Government“, jedoch erst 1690 anonym veröffentlicht. Mit diesem Werk formuliert Locke als einer der ersten die Postulate der bürgerlichen Freiheitsbewegung. Während er in der ersten Abhandlung Filmers Rechtfertigung des Absolutismus destruiert, konstruiert er in der zweiten Abhandlung einen Staat, der von der Volkssouveränität ausgeht und die Konzentration politischer Macht durch Gewaltenteilung und Widerstandsrecht verhindern will. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, das Verhältnis von Volkssouveränität und Gewaltenteilung innerhalb der Lockschen Staatslehre - und daraus resultierende Widersprüche - aufzuzeigen. Dabei soll die grundsätzliche Frage, ob und gegebenenfalls wie Souveränität bei Locke teilbar ist, diskutiert und beantwortet werden. Grundlage für folgende Untersuchung ist dabei der zweite Teil der “Two Treatises of Government“.
Human Rights And Natural Law
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Author : Walter Schweidler
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Human Rights And Natural Law written by Walter Schweidler and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Human rights categories.
The Crisis Of Parliamentary Democracy
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Author : Carl Schmitt
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 1988-06-22
The Crisis Of Parliamentary Democracy written by Carl Schmitt and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988-06-22 with Philosophy categories.
The Crisis of Parliamentary Democracy offers a powerful criticism of the inconsistencies of representative democracy. Described both as "the Hobbes of our age" and as "the philosophical godfather of Nazism," Carl Schmitt was a brilliant and controversial political theorist whose doctrine of political leadership and critique of liberal democratic ideals distinguish him as one of the most original contributors to modern political theory. The Crisis of Parliamentary Democracy offers a powerful criticism of the inconsistencies of representative democracy. First published in 1923, it has often been viewed as an attempt to destroy parliamentarism; in fact, it was Schmitt's attempt to defend the Weimar constitution. The introduction to this new translation places the book in proper historical context and provides a useful guide to several aspects of Weimar political culture. The Crisis of Parliamentary Democracy is included in the series Studies in Contemporary German Social Thought, edited by Thomas McCarthy.
Taming Democracy
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Author : Harvey Yunis
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2018-05-31
Taming Democracy written by Harvey Yunis and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-31 with History categories.
How does one speak to a large, diverse mass of ordinary, sovereign citizens and persuade them to render wise decisions? For Thucydides, Plato, and Demosthenes, who observed classical Athenian democracy in action, this was an urgent question. Harvey Yunis looks at how these three—historian, philosopher, politician respectively—explored the instructive potential of political rhetoric as a means of "taming democracy," Plato's metaphor for controlling the fractious demos through language. Yunis offers new insights into the ideas of the three thinkers: Thucydides' bipolar model of Periclean versus demagogic rhetoric; Plato's engagement with political rhetoric in the Gorgias, the Phaedrus, and the Laws; and Demosthenes' attempt both to instruct and to persuade his political audience. Yunis illuminates both the concrete historical problem of political deliberation in Athens and the intellectual and literary responses that the problem evoked. Few, if any, other books on classical Athens afford such a combination of perspectives from history, drama, philosophy, and politics. Writing with unusual clarity and cogency, Yunis translates all texts and explains the relevant issues. His book can profitably be read by anyone concerned with the issues at the heart of classical and contemporary democracy.
Rousseau And Radical Democracy
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Author : Kevin Inston
language : en
Publisher: A&C Black
Release Date : 2010-08-15
Rousseau And Radical Democracy written by Kevin Inston and has been published by A&C Black this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-08-15 with Philosophy categories.
Kevin Inston argues for the relevance of Rousseau's thought to contemporary debates about democracy and the work of such thinkers as Lefort, Laclau and Mouffe.
The Legacy Of Rousseau
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Author : Clifford Orwin
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 1997-03-29
The Legacy Of Rousseau written by Clifford Orwin and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-03-29 with Philosophy categories.
Few thinkers have enjoyed so pervasive an influence as Rousseau, who originated dissatisfaction with modernity. By exploring polarities articulated by Rousseau—nature versus society, self versus other, community versus individual, and compassion versus competitiveness—these fourteen original essays show how his thought continues to shape our ways of talking, feeling, thinking, and complaining. The volume begins by taking up a central theme noted by the late Allan Bloom—Rousseau's critique of the bourgeois as the dominant modern human type and as a being fundamentally in contradiction, caught between the sentiments of nature and the demands of society. It then turns to Rousseau's crucial polarity of nature and society and to the later conceptions of history and culture it gave rise to. The third part surveys Rousseau's legacy in both domestic and international politics. Finally, the book examines Rousseau's contributions to the virtues that have become central to the current sensibility: community, sincerity, and compassion. Contributors include Allan Bloom, François Furet, Pierre Hassner, Christopher Kelly, Roger Masters, and Arthur Melzer.
Uncertain Victory
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Author : James T. Kloppenberg
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1988-03-24
Uncertain Victory written by James T. Kloppenberg and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988-03-24 with Political Science categories.
Between 1870 and 1920, two generations of European and American intellectuals created a transatlantic community of philosophical and political discourse. Uncertain Victory, the first comparative study of ideas and politics in France, Germany, the U.S., and Great Britain during these fifty years, demonstrates how a number of thinkers from different traditions converged to create the theoretical foundations for new programs of social democracy and progressivism. Kloppenberg studies a wide range of pivotal theorists and activists--including philosophers such as William James, Wilhelm Dilthey, and T. H. Green, democratic socialists such as Jean Jaurès, Walter Rauschenbusch, Eduard Bernstein, and Beatrice and Sidney Webb, and social theorists such as John Dewey and Max Weber--as he establishes the connection between the philosophers' challenges to the traditions of empiricism and idealism and the activists' opposition to the traditions of laissez-faire liberalism and revolutionary socialism. By demonstrating a link between a philosophy of self-conscious uncertainty and a politics of continuing democratic experimentation, and by highlighting previously unrecognized similarities among a number of prominent 19th- and 20th-century thinkers, Uncertain Victory is sure to spur a reassessment of the relationship between ideas and politics on both sides of the Atlantic.
A Passion For Democracy
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Author : Benjamin R. Barber
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2000-04-02
A Passion For Democracy written by Benjamin R. Barber and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-04-02 with Philosophy categories.
Benjamin Barber is one of America's preeminent political theorists. He has been a significant voice in the continuing debate about the nature and role of democracy in the contemporary world. A Passion for Democracy collects twenty of his most important writings on American democracy. Together they refine his distinctive position in democratic theory. Barber's conception of "strong democracy" contrasts with traditional concepts of "liberal democracy," especially in its emphasis on citizen participation in central issues of public debate. These essays critique the "thin representation" of liberal democracy and buttress the arguments presented in Barber's twelve books, most recently in his well-received Jihad vs. McWorld: How Globalism and Tribalism Are Re-shaping the World. In these pieces, Barber argues for participatory democracy without dependence on abstract metaphysical foundations, and he stresses the relationship among democracy and civil society, civic education, and culture. A Passion for Democracy is divided into four sections. In the first, "American Theory: Democracy, Liberalism, and Rights," Barber addresses issues of ongoing relevance to today's debates about the roots of participatory democracy, including individualism vs. community, the importance of consent, and the irrelevance of Marxism. Essays in the second section, "American Practice: Leadership, Citizenship, and Censorship" provide a "strong democracy" critique of American democratic practice. "Education for Democracy: Civic Education, Service, and Citizenship" applies Barber's theories to three related topics and includes his much-discussed essay "America Skips School." The final section, "Democracy and Technology: Endless Frontier or End of Democracy?" provides glimpses into a future that technology alone cannot secure for democracy. In his preface, Barber writes: "In these essays ... I have been hard on my country. Like most ardent democrats, I want more for it than it has achieved, despite the fact that it has achieved more than most people have dared to want." This wide-ranging collection displays not only his passion for democracy, but also his unique perspective on issues of abiding importance for the democratic process.
The Rise And Fall Of Democracy In Early America 1630 1789
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Author : Joshua Miller
language : en
Publisher: Penn State Press
Release Date : 1999-01-01
The Rise And Fall Of Democracy In Early America 1630 1789 written by Joshua Miller and has been published by Penn State Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-01-01 with Political Science categories.
The Rise and Fall of Democracy in Early America describes and explores the emergence of a directly democratic political culture in America, the Federalists' theoretical campaign against that culture, and the legacy of the struggle over democracy for politics today. The Rise and Fall of Democracy in Early America traces the rise of democracy in America beginning with the Puritans of New England; the radicalization during the eighteenth century of Puritan notions of community, autonomy, and participation; and the Antifederalist attempt to preserve a democratic political culture in the face of Federalist efforts to centralize power and distance it from the people by the passage of the 1787 Constitution. Despite its historical concerns, this book is not a history of institutions or a history of ideas. It is a work of political theory that explores certain early American texts and debates, and discusses the theoretical questions raised by those texts and debates, emphasizing those issues most relevant to democratic thought in our own time. Among the many insights into our democratic heritage that Joshua Miller affords us in his discussion of the Puritan theory of membership and the Antifederalist theory of autonomous communities is the hitherto obscured affinity between democracy and conservatism. Whereas many treatments of early American political thought make the debate over the ratification of the Constitution appear dry and abstract, this book shows the clash of political values and ideals that were at the heart of the struggle. It illustrates how the Federalists employed a democratic-sounding vocabulary to cloak their centralizing, elitist designs. Miller introduces readers to a political theory of direct democracy that is presented as an alternative to Marxism, liberalism, and mainstream conservatism. This new democratic theory based on an early American political tradition should serve as a stimulus for rethinking the directions we are taking in politics today.
Rousseau
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Author : Joshua Cohen
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2010-02-25
Rousseau written by Joshua Cohen and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-02-25 with Philosophy categories.
In famously beautiful and laconic prose, Jean-Jacques Rousseau presents us with a forceful picture of a democratic society, in which we live together as free and equal, and our politics focuses on the common good. In Rousseau: A Free Community of Equals Joshua Cohen explains how the values of freedom, equality, and community all work together as parts of the democratic ideal expressed in Rousseau's conception of the 'society of the general will'. The book also explains Rousseau's anti-Augustinian and anti-Hobbesian idea that we are naturally good, shows why Rousseau thinks it is reasonable for us to endorse that idea, and discusses how our natural goodness might make a free community of equals possible for us. And Cohen examines in detail Rousseau's picture of the institutions of a democratic society: why he emphasised the importance of political participation, how he argued against extreme inequalities, and what led him to embrace a civil religion as necessary for the society of the general will. This book provides an analytical and critical appraisal of Rousseau's political thought that, while frank about its limits, also explains its enduring power.