Gleason S Theorem And Its Applications
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Gleason S Theorem And Its Applications
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Author : Anatolij Dvurecenskij
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
Gleason S Theorem And Its Applications written by Anatolij Dvurecenskij and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Mathematics categories.
For many years physics and mathematics have had a fruitful influence on one another. Classical mechanics and celestial mechanics have produced very deep problems whose solutions have enhanced mathematics. On the other hand, mathematics itself has found interesting theories which then (sometimes after many years) have been reflected in physics, confirming the thesis that nothing is more practical than a good theory. The same is true for the younger physical discipline -of quantum mechanics. In the 1930s two events, not at all random, became: The mathematical back grounds of both quantum mechanics and probability theory. In 1936, G. Birkhoff and J. von Neumann published their historical paper "The logic of quantum mechanics", in which a quantum logic was suggested. The mathematical foundations of quantum mechanics remains an outstanding problem of mathematics, physics, logic and philosophy even today. The theory of quantum logics is a major stream in this axiomatical knowledge river, where L(H), the system of all closed subspaces of a Hilbert space H, due to J. von Neumann, plays an important role. When A.M. Gleason published his solution to G. Mackey's problem showing that any state (= probability measure) corresponds to a density operator, he probably did not anticipate that his solution would become a cornerstone of ax iomati cal theory of quantum mechanics nor that it would provide many interesting applications to mathematics.
Fundamental Mathematical Structures Of Quantum Theory
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Author : Valter Moretti
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-06-20
Fundamental Mathematical Structures Of Quantum Theory written by Valter Moretti and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-20 with Science categories.
This textbook presents in a concise and self-contained way the advanced fundamental mathematical structures in quantum theory. It is based on lectures prepared for a 6 months course for MSc students. The reader is introduced to the beautiful interconnection between logic, lattice theory, general probability theory, and general spectral theory including the basic theory of von Neumann algebras and of the algebraic formulation, naturally arising in the study of the mathematical machinery of quantum theories. Some general results concerning hidden-variable interpretations of QM such as Gleason's and the Kochen-Specker theorems and the related notions of realism and non-contextuality are carefully discussed. This is done also in relation with the famous Bell (BCHSH) inequality concerning local causality. Written in a didactic style, this book includes many examples and solved exercises. The work is organized as follows. Chapter 1 reviews some elementary facts and properties of quantum systems. Chapter 2 and 3 present the main results of spectral analysis in complex Hilbert spaces. Chapter 4 introduces the point of view of the orthomodular lattices' theory. Quantum theory form this perspective turns out to the probability measure theory on the non-Boolean lattice of elementary observables and Gleason's theorem characterizes all these measures. Chapter 5 deals with some philosophical and interpretative aspects of quantum theory like hidden-variable formulations of QM. The Kochen-Specker theorem and its implications are analyzed also in relation BCHSH inequality, entanglement, realism, locality, and non-contextuality. Chapter 6 focuses on the algebra of observables also in the presence of superselection rules introducing the notion of von Neumann algebra. Chapter 7 offers the idea of (groups of) quantum symmetry, in particular, illustrated in terms of Wigner and Kadison theorems. Chapter 8 deals with the elementary ideas and results of the so called algebraic formulation of quantum theories in terms of both *-algebras and C*-algebras. This book should appeal to a dual readership: on one hand mathematicians that wish to acquire the tools that unlock the physical aspects of quantum theories; on the other physicists eager to solidify their understanding of the mathematical scaffolding of quantum theories.
Integral Measure And Ordering
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Author : Beloslav Riecan
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
Integral Measure And Ordering written by Beloslav Riecan and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Mathematics categories.
The present book is a monograph including some recent results of mea sure and integration theory. It concerns three main ideas. The first idea deals with some ordering structures such as Riesz spaces and lattice or dered groups, and their relation to measure and integration theory. The second is the idea of fuzzy sets, quite new in general, and in measure theory particularly. The third area concerns some models of quantum mechanical systems. We study mainly models based on fuzzy set theory. Some recent results are systematically presented along with our suggestions for further development. The first chapter has an introductory character, where we present basic definitions and notations. Simultaneously, this chapter can be regarded as an elementary introduction to fuzzy set theory. Chapter 2 contains an original approach to the convergence of sequences of measurable functions. While the notion of a null set can be determined uniquely, the notion of a set of "small" measure has a fuzzy character. It is interesting that the notion of fuzzy set and the notion of a set of small measure (described mathematically by so-called small systems) were introduced independently at almost the same time. Although the axiomatic systems in both theories mentioned are quite different, we show that the notion of a small system can be considered from the point of view of fuzzy sets.
Handbook Of Quantum Logic And Quantum Structures
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Author : Kurt Engesser
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2011-08-11
Handbook Of Quantum Logic And Quantum Structures written by Kurt Engesser and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-11 with Mathematics categories.
Since its inception in the famous 1936 paper by Birkhoff and von Neumann entitled "The logic of quantum mechanics quantum logic, i.e. the logical investigation of quantum mechanics, has undergone an enormous development. Various schools of thought and approaches have emerged and there are a variety of technical results.Quantum logic is a heterogeneous field of research ranging from investigations which may be termed logical in the traditional sense to studies focusing on structures which are on the border between algebra and logic. For the latter structures the term quantum structures is appropriate. The chapters of this Handbook, which are authored by the most eminent scholars in the field, constitute a comprehensive presentation of the main schools, approaches and results in the field of quantum logic and quantum structures. Much of the material presented is of recent origin representing the frontier of the subject. The present volume focuses on quantum structures. Among the structures studied extensively in this volume are, just to name a few, Hilbert lattices, D-posets, effect algebras MV algebras, partially ordered Abelian groups and those structures underlying quantum probability.- Written by eminent scholars in the field of logic- A comprehensive presentation of the theory, approaches and results in the field of quantum logic- Volume focuses on quantum structures
Handbook Of Measure Theory
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Author : E. Pap
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2002-10-31
Handbook Of Measure Theory written by E. Pap and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-10-31 with Mathematics categories.
The main goal of this Handbook isto survey measure theory with its many different branches and itsrelations with other areas of mathematics. Mostly aggregating many classical branches of measure theory the aim of the Handbook is also to cover new fields, approaches and applications whichsupport the idea of "measure" in a wider sense, e.g. the ninth part of the Handbook. Although chapters are written of surveys in the variousareas they contain many special topics and challengingproblems valuable for experts and rich sources of inspiration.Mathematicians from other areas as well as physicists, computerscientists, engineers and econometrists will find useful results andpowerful methods for their research. The reader may find in theHandbook many close relations to other mathematical areas: realanalysis, probability theory, statistics, ergodic theory,functional analysis, potential theory, topology, set theory,geometry, differential equations, optimization, variationalanalysis, decision making and others. The Handbook is a richsource of relevant references to articles, books and lecturenotes and it contains for the reader's convenience an extensivesubject and author index.
Prediction And Causality In Econometrics And Related Topics
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Author : Nguyen Ngoc Thach
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-07-26
Prediction And Causality In Econometrics And Related Topics written by Nguyen Ngoc Thach and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-26 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book provides the ultimate goal of economic studies to predict how the economy develops—and what will happen if we implement different policies. To be able to do that, we need to have a good understanding of what causes what in economics. Prediction and causality in economics are the main topics of this book's chapters; they use both more traditional and more innovative techniques—including quantum ideas -- to make predictions about the world economy (international trade, exchange rates), about a country's economy (gross domestic product, stock index, inflation rate), and about individual enterprises, banks, and micro-finance institutions: their future performance (including the risk of bankruptcy), their stock prices, and their liquidity. Several papers study how COVID-19 has influenced the world economy. This book helps practitioners and researchers to learn more about prediction and causality in economics -- and to further develop this important research direction.
Physical A Causality
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Author : Karl Svozil
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-02-13
Physical A Causality written by Karl Svozil and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-13 with Science categories.
This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book addresses the physical phenomenon of events that seem to occur spontaneously and without any known cause. These are to be contrasted with events that happen in a (pre-)determined, predictable, lawful, and causal way. All our knowledge is based on self-reflexive theorizing, as well as on operational means of empirical perception. Some of the questions that arise are the following: are these limitations reflected by our models? Under what circumstances does chance kick in? Is chance in physics merely epistemic? In other words, do we simply not know enough, or use too crude levels of description for our predictions? Or are certain events "truly", that is, irreducibly, random? The book tries to answer some of these questions by introducing intrinsic, embedded observers and provable unknowns; that is, observables and procedures which are certified (relative to the assumptions) to be unknowable or undoable. A (somewhat iconoclastic) review of quantum mechanics is presented which is inspired by quantum logic. Postulated quantum (un-)knowables are reviewed. More exotic unknowns originate in the assumption of classical continua, and in finite automata and generalized urn models, which mimic complementarity and yet maintain value definiteness. Traditional conceptions of free will, miracles and dualistic interfaces are based on gaps in an otherwise deterministic universe.
Decision Making Uncertainty Imperfection Deliberation And Scalability
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Author : Tatiana V. Guy
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-02-09
Decision Making Uncertainty Imperfection Deliberation And Scalability written by Tatiana V. Guy and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-09 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This volume focuses on uncovering the fundamental forces underlying dynamic decision making among multiple interacting, imperfect and selfish decision makers. The chapters are written by leading experts from different disciplines, all considering the many sources of imperfection in decision making, and always with an eye to decreasing the myriad discrepancies between theory and real world human decision making. Topics addressed include uncertainty, deliberation cost and the complexity arising from the inherent large computational scale of decision making in these systems. In particular, analyses and experiments are presented which concern: • task allocation to maximize “the wisdom of the crowd”; • design of a society of “edutainment” robots who account for one anothers’ emotional states; • recognizing and counteracting seemingly non-rational human decision making; • coping with extreme scale when learning causality in networks; • efficiently incorporating expert knowledge in personalized medicine; • the effects of personality on risky decision making. The volume is a valuable source for researchers, graduate students and practitioners in machine learning, stochastic control, robotics, and economics, among other fields.
Wigner Type Theorems For Hilbert Grassmannians
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Author : Mark Pankov
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2020-01-16
Wigner Type Theorems For Hilbert Grassmannians written by Mark Pankov and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-16 with Mathematics categories.
An accessible introduction to the geometric approach to Wigner's theorem and its role in quantum mechanics.
From Classical Mechanics To Quantum Field Theory A Tutorial
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Author : Manuel Asorey
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2020-01-14
From Classical Mechanics To Quantum Field Theory A Tutorial written by Manuel Asorey and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-14 with Science categories.
This book collects an extended version of the lectures delivered by the authors at the Fall Workshop on Geometry and Physics in the years 2014, 2015, 2016.It aims at introducing advanced graduate and PhD students, as well as young researchers, to current research in mathematics and physics. In particular, it fills the gap between the more physical-oriented and the more mathematical-oriented literature on quantum theory. It introduces various approaches to methods of quantization, along with their impact on modern mathematical methods.