Global Value Chains In Latin America
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Global Value Chains In Latin America
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Author : Pablo Pérez Akaki
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-07-15
Global Value Chains In Latin America written by Pablo Pérez Akaki and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-15 with Business & Economics categories.
This book examines the governance and institutional dimensions of the global value chain (GVC) and the barriers of local firms to participate in chains. Focusing on Latin America, this collection analyzes agribusiness and agri-food chains in order to evaluate the common challenges in the production and trade of coffee, cocoa, maize, sugar, Tequila and Mezcal in Mexico and Central America. Additionally, there are studies of knowledge-intensive industries of aerospace and automotive. Addressing the need for sustainable economic development in developing countries from the study of value chains, this work presents a conceptual framework and empirical cases that highlight the impact of GVC in the Latin American region and will appeal to international business and international trade researchers.
Deep Trade Agreements
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Author : Nadia Rocha
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2022-09-13
Deep Trade Agreements written by Nadia Rocha and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-13 with Business & Economics categories.
Globally, greater integration in international trade and global value chains (GVCs) has been linked to increased GDP per capita and productivity. Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries have displayed limited trade openness and weak integration into GVCs. Their trade is roughly one-third of GDP on average, compared with one-half in countries in Europe and Central Asia, as well as East Asia and the Pacific—and that share has not grown since 2000. Although the gaps between potential and actual GVC integration are the result of economic fundamentals—such as geography, market size, institutions, and factor endowments—policy choices matter as well. The region has untapped potential in trade and GVCs to grow in the wake of COVID-19 (coronavirus). Deep trade agreements are reciprocal agreements between countries that seek integration of goods, services, and factors’ markets, or deep integration. Drawing on new data and evidence, Deep Trade Agreements: Anchoring Global Value Chains in Latin America and the Caribbean shows that these agreements can drive policy reforms that can help the region overcome some of its disadvantageous fundamentals. Four areas of deep integration—trade facilitation, regulatory cooperation, services, and state support—are priorities to improve the participation of countries in the region in GVC: 1. Facilitating trade can reduce border delays and ease the challenges caused by the remoteness of some countries. 2. Improving regulatory cooperation can help create larger regional markets by reducing the costs of nontariff measures. 3. Opening the service economy can compensate for factor endowment scarcity and facilitate access to skills and technology. 4. Fostering competition and regulating state support and state-owned enterprises can improve the quality of economic institutions. These areas are increasingly important as global trade tensions persist and economies recover from the COVID-19 pandemic. In these times of uncertainty and upheaval, the policy commitments in deep trade agreements can create a more stable institutional environment to promote the ability of countries to participate in GVCs and to reap the benefits of integration. This work is a product of the regional studies program sponsored by the Latin America and the Caribbean Chief Economist’s Office.
Global Value Chains And World Trade
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Author : René Antonio Hernández
language : en
Publisher: UN
Release Date : 2014
Global Value Chains And World Trade written by René Antonio Hernández and has been published by UN this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Business & Economics categories.
"Selection of original papers presented at the international conference 'Latin America's Prospects for Upgrading in Global Value Chains,' held on 14-15 March 2012, at Colegio de Mexico, Mexico City"--Title page vers
Participation In Global Value Chains In Latin America
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Author : Charles Cadestin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Participation In Global Value Chains In Latin America written by Charles Cadestin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
This paper characterises the extent of GVC participation in selected countries of Latin America. It looks deeper into certain key trade policy-related aspects of Latin American trade integration with the potential to improve GVC participation. Latin America has a dense web of intra and extra-regional preferential trade agreements (PTAs). Nevertheless, the overlap, duplication and conflicts among the different rules and standards governing trade under these PTAs are likely reducing the benefits of these agreements. This is prompting renewed interest in the idea of linking or harmonising the various Latin American PTAs. To help inform this debate, this study analyses the impact of rules of origin (RoO) and non-tariff measures (NTMs) on GVC integration in the region, and examines relevant harmonisation initiatives. The empirical work presented in this paper estimates that RoO in PTAs of Latin American countries undo more than 15% of the positive trade effect of these agreements, particularly for intermediate products (30%). The estimated tariff equivalents of RoO suggest that MFN liberalisation of tariffs on intermediate products could be a cost-efficient way of alleviating the problems related to RoO and stimulating both intra- and extra-PTA value chains. Other viable initiatives could include renegotiation or harmonisation of existing productspecific RoO, or improvements to overall RoO architecture such as amendments to certification, de minimis or cumulation rules. While countries may legitimately apply different standards, technical regulations and conformity assessment procedures, such differences may nonetheless impose particular costs on GVCs which involve operations across multiple countries. The empirical work on NTMs shows that on average, NTMs used by Latin American countries impose additional costs equivalent to a tariff of roughly 15% for intermediate products. These costs suggest that there is benefit in exploring scope for mutual recognition, or harmonisation of technical regulations or conformity-assessment procedures. The empirical assessment shows that, on average, such provisions can reduce the cost of NTMs by approximately one fifth. Overall, the results of this study show that convergence on rules of origin and regulatory standards could significantly reduce the burden of complying with competing or overlapping rules and regulations. While convergence is not necessarily straightforward and can involve some upfront costs (e.g. in terms of negotiation), these costs need to be set against the costs of inaction in terms of the ability of Latin American countries to increase their integration into regional and global value chains, with gains to trade, productivity and growth.
Synchronized Factories
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Author : Juan S. Blyde
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-09-15
Synchronized Factories written by Juan S. Blyde and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-15 with Business & Economics categories.
The objective of this report is to examine the extent to which countries in Latin America and the Caribbean participate in global value chains and what are the drivers of such participation. Production processes have been increasingly fragmented worldwide. For example, the production of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner involves 43 suppliers located in 135 locations around the globe. There are many examples like the Dreamliner, from the 451 parts that go into the iPod to the less technologically intensive but still widespread multi-country production of a Barbie doll. All this reflects significant changes in the way world production is being reorganized across national borders. That is, for many goods, production has become a multi-country process in which different stages are carried out in specialized plants in different parts of the world. Countries which specialize in different stages of the production process are thus linked by these global value chains. For developing countries, a clear opportunity from the continuous international fragmentation of production arises in the form of participating in activities that were virtually not opened to them in the past. Therefore, the international fragmentation of production provides opportunities for trade diversification, an issue that can be of particular importance for Latin America and the Caribbean as the region’s export base is in general highly concentrated in a few industries and particularly biased towards natural-resource intensive sectors. The aim is to identify whether there is policy space for implementing strategies that allow countries to improve their position in regional and global value chains.
Synchronized Factories
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Author : Juan S. Blyde
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014-10-31
Synchronized Factories written by Juan S. Blyde and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-31 with categories.
A Review Of Changes In The Global Value Chain Of Latin America
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Author : Sungwoo Hong
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
A Review Of Changes In The Global Value Chain Of Latin America written by Sungwoo Hong and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
Based on the findings of the value chain analysis conducted on major Latin American countries, it suggests that these countries may have derived certain economic benefits. This can be attributed to the increased exports to the United States and China, where Latin American countries served as substitute countries for imports during the intensifying competition between the two nations.Amidst the U.S.-China hegemony race and the supply chain disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a notable shift in focus. Particularly, the United States is actively working to establish secure and stable supply chains, primarily centered around its own country and allied nations, with the intention of reducing dependence on China. As part of this process, the United States advocates for reshoring or near-shoring, which involves relocating production facilities to its home country or neighboring nations. Additionally, the U.S. is implementing various incentives to support this objective.If near-shoring takes place in Latin America, they can be regarded as favorable locations for establishing a foothold to access North America or securing key minerals. Additionally, Latin American countries with substantial backward linkages should be prioritized in trade with the United States. Among them, Mexico and Brazil, which exhibit relatively high levels of backward linkage within Latin America, are considered suitable hubs due to their capacity for generating significant foreign added value in their exports to the United States.
Upgrading To Compete Global Value Chains Clusters And Smes In Latin America
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Author : Carlo Pietrobelli
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Upgrading To Compete Global Value Chains Clusters And Smes In Latin America written by Carlo Pietrobelli and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Does enterprise participation in global markets ensure sustainable income growth? Policies have often been designed in the belief that this is true, but competitiveness and participation in international markets may take very different forms, and developing countries do not always benefit. This book presents a series of rich and original field studies from Latin America, conducted by the authors with the same consistent methodological approach, and represents a theory-generating exercise within clusters and economic development literature. The main question addressed is how Latin American small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) may participate in global markets in ways that provide for sustainable income growth, the “high road” to competitiveness. In contrast, the “low road” is often typically followed by small firms from developing countries, which often compete by squeezing wages and revenues rather than by increasing productivity, salaries, and profits.
Rising Concentration In Asia Latin American Value Chains
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Author : Osvaldo Rosales
language : en
Publisher: UN
Release Date : 2015
Rising Concentration In Asia Latin American Value Chains written by Osvaldo Rosales and has been published by UN this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Business & Economics categories.
Dynamic Asia has overtaken the European Union as Latin America and the Caribbean's second largest export market, after the United States. However, the region's exports to Asia remain concentrated in few commodities involved a small number of large firms. This book explores the present and future scope for the participation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in biregional trade and value chains and the measures that can be taken to make those chains more inclusive and sustainable. It encourages governments in Latin America to improve the business environment in order to encourage multinational firms to invest, upgrade and innovate in the region.
Redefining Global Markets
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Author : Erika Majzlíková
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date :
Redefining Global Markets written by Erika Majzlíková and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.